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Original Article

The suffering of tinnitus in childhood and adolescence

El malestar por tinnitus en la niñez y en la adolescencia

, PhD , MD , BDS &
Pages 267-272 | Published online: 07 Jul 2009
 

Abstract

Objectives: Investigate the profile of young patients complaining of tinnitus and study the prevalence and the severity of tinnitus in schoolchildren.

Design: Ninety-five consecutive patients (55 boys), 8–20 years old, seeking help for tinnitus at our clinic were studied using audiometry, structural interviews, Tinnitus Severity Questionnaire (TSQ) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD), together with Visual Analog Scales (VAS) on tinnitus loudness and annoyance.

Results: The onset of tinnitus was twice as often sudden than gradual. In 54% of the children, tinnitus had started after noise exposure, most commonly listening to music. Correlations were found between the pure-tone average (PTA) of 3, 4, and 6 kHz and TSQ scores; between TSQ and HAD subscales; and between TSQ and VAS. According to the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, 32% and 14.5%, respectively, were above the cut level for clinical anxiety and depressive disorders. The girls showed more signs of anxiety disorders than the boys.

Conclusions: The majority of the help seekers had been exposed to noise, mostly music. Predisposing factors for tinnitus severity are high-frequency hearing loss and anxiety and depressive disorders.

Sumario

Investigar el perfil de pacientes jóvenes que se quejan de tinnitus y estudiar su prevalencia y severidad en escolares.Se estudiaron 95 pacientes consecutivos (55 niños) de 8-20 años de edad que buscaban ayuda por tinnitus en nuestra clínica, con audiometría, entrevistas estructuradas, Cuestionario de Severidad de Tinnitus (TSQ) y Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión Hospitalaria (HAD) junto con las Escalas Visuales Análogas (VAS) de molestia e intensidad del tinnitus.El inicio súbito del tinnitus fue dos veces más frecuente que el inicio gradual. En el 54% de los niños, el tinnitus empezó después de exposición a ruido, sobre todo música. Se encontraron correlaciones entre el PTA 3; 4; 6 kHz y las puntuaciones TSQ, entre las subescalas TSQ y HAD y TSQ y VAS. De acuerdo con la Escala HAD, el 32% y el 14.5%, respectivamente, estuvieron sobre el nivel de corte para la ansiedad clínica y los trastornos depresivos. Las niñas mostraron más signos por trastornos de la ansiedad que los niñosLa mayoría de quienes buscan ayuda han estado expuestos a ruido, sobre todo música. Los factores predisponentes de severidad del tinnitus son la hipoacusia en frecuencias agudas y los trastornos de ansiedad y depresión.

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