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Original Article

Racial and gender effects on pure-tone thresholds and distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) in normal-hearing young adults

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Pages 419-426 | Received 05 Jun 2006, Published online: 07 Jul 2009
 

Abstract

This study examined racial and gender effects on behavioral thresholds and distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) in the same subjects. Pure-tone behavioral thresholds and DPOAEs were measured in 60 young normal-hearing adult subjects (20 Caucasian, 20 Asian, 20 African-American, with ten females and ten males in each group). Behavioral thresholds were measured from 1000 through 16 000 Hz using Békèsy tracking. A DPOAE frequency sweep was measured with primary stimulus levels of L1/L2=60/45 dB SPL, and an f2/f1 of 1.2 at discrete f2 frequencies between 2000 through 12 000 Hz for each subject. Significant racial and gender differences in behavioral thresholds were found at 14 000 and 16 000 Hz, with the African Americans and females having the best hearing sensitivity. Based on the current results, similar findings for DPOAE frequency sweeps can be expected amongst different racial groups given that no significant differences were identified between the groups. To further define the effects of race and gender on auditory measures, future studies should include larger numbers of subjects, measurement of body size and middle ear reflectance, and examine emission generators.

Acronyms
DPOAEs=

Distortion-product otoacoustic emissions

OAEs=

Otoacoustic emissions

SOAEs=

Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions

TEOAEs=

Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions

SNR=

Signal-to-noise ratio

Acronyms
DPOAEs=

Distortion-product otoacoustic emissions

OAEs=

Otoacoustic emissions

SOAEs=

Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions

TEOAEs=

Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions

SNR=

Signal-to-noise ratio

Sumario

Este estudio examinó los efectos de raza y género en los umbrales conductuales y en las emisiones otoacústicas por productos de distorsión (DPOAEs) en los mismos sujetos. Se midieron los umbrales conductuales con tonos puros y las DPOAEs en 60 adultos jóvenes normoyentes (20 caucásicos, 20 asiáticos 20 afroamericanos, con 10 mujeres y 10 hombres en cada grupo). Los umbrales conductuales se midieron de 1000 a 16 000 Hz usando trazos de Békèsy. Una frecuencia de barrido de DPOAE se midió con niveles primarios de estímulos de L1/L2=60/45 dB SPL, y con f2/f1 de 1.2 en frecuencias discretas f2 entre 2000 y 12 000 Hz en cada sujeto. Se encontraron diferencias raciales y de género significativas en los umbrales conductuales para 14 000 y 16 000 Hz, en los que los afroamericanos y las mujeres mostraron una mejor sensibilidad auditiva. Con base en los actuales resultados, pueden esperarse hallazgos similares con los barridos de frecuencia de DPOAE entre los diferentes grupos raciales, en tanto no se identificaron diferencias significativas entre los grupos. Para definir los efectos de raza y género en las mediciones auditivas, los estudios futuros deberán incluir un número mayor de sujetos y medidas del tamaño corporal y de qué tanto es reflectante el oído medio, además de examinar los generadores de emisiones.

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