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Original Articles

Lateralization of high-frequency pure tones with interaural phase difference and bone conduction

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Pages 404-411 | Received 13 Dec 2007, Published online: 07 Jul 2009
 

Abstract

This study tested the prediction that interaural phase differences (IPDs) are converted to interaural level differences (ILDs) with bilateral bone-conduction stimulation due to the effects of acoustic interference arising from transcranial transmission. Seven normal-hearing listeners judged the lateral position of 3000–6000-Hz pure tones, presented via bone vibrators on the mastoids, as a function of IPD. Evidence for lateralization was obtained in five listeners despite humans being insensitive to IPD in pure tones at these frequencies. The direction of lateralization depended on frequency, as well as IPD, for three listeners. It is argued that these findings are consistent with the conversion of external IPD to internal ILD during transcranial transmission. Inter-individual variation in lateralization was apparent and no evidence of lateralization was found in two listeners at the frequency tested, which may reflect, at least in part, inter-individual variation in transcranial transmission properties. The notion that external IPD within the waveform fine-structure at high-frequencies does not influence localization with air conduction may not apply to bone conduction due to the acoustic interference effects.

Abbreviations
AC=

Air conduction

BAHA=

Bone-anchored hearing aid

BC=

Bone conduction

ILD=

Interaural level difference

IPD=

Interaural phase difference

ITD=

Interaural time difference

TA=

Transcranial attenuation

TD=

Transcranial delay

Abbreviations
AC=

Air conduction

BAHA=

Bone-anchored hearing aid

BC=

Bone conduction

ILD=

Interaural level difference

IPD=

Interaural phase difference

ITD=

Interaural time difference

TA=

Transcranial attenuation

TD=

Transcranial delay

Sumario

Este estudio evaluó la predicción de que las diferencias interaurales de fase (IPD) se convierten en diferencias interaurales de intensidad (ILD) con la estimulación bilateral por vía ósea debido a los efectos de interferencia acústica provenientes de la transmisión transcraneal. Siete sujetos oyentes con audición normal juzgaron la posición en lateralidad de tonos puros de 3000–6000Hz presentados por medio de vibradores óseos en la mastoides, como función de la IPD. La evidencia de lateralización se obtuvo en cinco sujetos oyentes a pesar de que los humanos son insensibles a la IPD en tonos de estas frecuencias. La dirección de la lateralización dependió de la frecuencia así como la IPD para tres oyentes. Se argumenta que estos hallazgos son consistentes con la conversión de la IPD externa a ILD interna durante la transmisión craneal. Las variaciones inter-individuo en la lateralización fueron aparentes y no se encontró evidencia de lateralización en dos oyentes en la frecuencia explorada, lo que puede reflejar, al menos en parte, variaciones inter-individuales de las propiedades de transmisión transcraneal. La noción de que la IPD externa de las frecuencias altas con una onda de estructura fina no influyen en la localización por vía aérea, puede no ser aplicable a la conducción ósea debida a los efectos de interferencia acústica.

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