Spatial distribution of heavy metals in rice grains, rice husk, and arable soil, their bioaccumulation and associated health risks in Haryana, India

Abstract

In this study rice grain, rice husk, and arable soil samples collected from Panipat district, Haryana, India were analyzed for Cd, Pb, Cr, Fe, Zn, Co, Cu, and Ni content using Atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The bioaccumulation of heavy metals in rice husk was found to be more than rice grains. Soil pH and Total organic carbon significantly influenced the uptake of metals by the rice plants. Chronic daily dose (CDD) of Fe, Pb, and Cu marginally exceeded the permissible dose at 30–50% locations. Further, it is recommended that such studies should be conducted periodically to avoid health risks to the population.

Keywords:

• Heavy metals (HM)
• atomic absorption spectrophotometer
• total organic carbon
• chronic daily dose (CDD)
• bioaccumulation factor (BCF)

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).