Seat inclinations affect the function of children with cerebral palsy: A review of the effect of different seat inclines

Abstract

Purpose. An evaluation of the current research evaluating the impact of seat inclinations upon postural control, muscle activity and upper extremity function in children with cerebral palsy.

Method. A literature review searching 13 electronic databases was undertaken. Inclusion criteria were applied to abstracts found; full text research articles were retrieved and a critical review of the eligible articles completed.

Results. Ten studies were reviewed which investigated the effect of seat inclinations. Improved postural control and a reduction in pathological movements were achieved in anterior tilt; reduced postural sway was evident for children with spastic cerebral palsy sitting on anterior incline, and increased sway for those with hypotonia; extensor thrust was evoked when in posterior incline; and there was evidence of improved arm and hand function whilst seated in the functional sitting position as opposed a posterior seat incline.

Conclusions. (i) The current literature is inconclusive, however there are indications that neutral and anterior seat inclines do positively affect function for children with cerebral palsy; (ii) Individual assessment of seating ability and need is advocated for these children rather than the adoption of a universal seat incline.

Keywords:

• Seating
• seat inclinations
• function
• cerebral palsy
• children