Incidence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Chile

Abstract

Objective

This study aimed to estimate amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) incidence and survival rates in the Metropolitan region of Chile.

Methods

We conducted a cohort study of ALS cases in the Metropolitan Region from 2016 to 2019. A total of 219 ALS patients were recruited from Corporación ELA-Chile registry, in collaboration with neurologists from Sociedad de Neurología, Psiquiatría y Neurocirugía de Chile. We calculated incidence rates by sex and age and determined median survival from onset and diagnosis. Survival analysis used the Kaplan–Meier statistic, estimating hazard ratios for age, sex, time from symptom onset and from diagnosis using a Weibull regression model. All analyses were done using R 4.1.0.

Results

Overall, ALS diagnosis incidence was 0.97 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, peaking in the 70–79 age group and declining thereafter. The male-to-female ratio was 1.23. The median time to death from diagnosis was 2.3 years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.9–2.5), and from the first symptom, it was 3.1 years (95% CI: 2.8–3.5).

Conclusions

This is the first population-based study reporting ALS incidence and survival rates in Chile’s Metropolitan region. Incidence resembled other Latin American studies. Median survival from diagnosis and from the first symptom were in line with previous findings. Our results corroborated lower ALS rates in Latin America, consistent with prior research.

Keywords:

• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
• incidence
• survival
• motor neuron disease

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank all persons with ALS and their caregivers who participated in this study and Corporación ELA Chile.

Data availability statement

Data from this study is available upon request from the corresponding author.

Disclosure statement

The authors report there are no competing interests to declare.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). CDC/ASTDR [1R01TS000242-01/CoAG TS000242]