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Research Article

Accessibility and the ‘everyday mobility–work–household’ triad: an exploration during the COVID-19 crisis in low-income peripheries of Lima and Bogotá

Accesibilidad y la tríada ‘movilidad – trabajo – hogar cotidianos’: análisis durante la crisis del COVID-19 en periferias de bajos ingresos de Lima y Bogotá

Доступность и триада ‘Повседневная мобильность – работа – домашнее хозяйство’: исследование во время кризиса COVID-19 на низкодоходной периферии Лимы и Боготы

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Received 15 Dec 2022, Accepted 13 Feb 2024, Published online: 22 Mar 2024
 

ABSTRACT

How do people make decisions on where, when, and how to commute? And how did the pandemic crisis affect their commuting patterns? Based on exploratory interviews in Lima and family chronicles collected in Bogotá during 2020; and a second round of interviews in six low-income areas in the peripheries of these two cities during 2021, this article offers a panoramic view of the changes experienced in low-income neighbourhoods and their families during these recent years of pandemic. These changes bring to light the role of intra-household arrangements regarding mobility and accessibility. We suggest that mobility and accessibility can better be understood on a more systemic level (influenced by intra-household arrangements), as a collective phenomenon (based on the household’s resources and the household’s needs), and even as a collective decision-making process.

摘要

可达性与“日常流动-工作-家庭”三元关系:新冠疫情期间利马和波哥大低收入边缘地区的探索Area Development and Policy. 人们如何决定上下班的地点、时间和方式?流行病危机如何影响他们的通勤模式?根据2020年在利马的探索性访谈和在波哥大收集的家庭编年史,以及在2021年期间在这两个城市边缘的六个低收入地区进行的第二轮访谈,本文全面介绍了近年来疫情期间低收入社区及其家庭所经历的变化。这些变化揭示了家庭内部安排在流动性和可达性方面的作用。我们建议,可以在更系统的层面(受家庭内部安排的影响)、作为一种集体现象(基于家庭的资源和需求)、甚至作为一种集体决策过程来更好地理解流动性和可达性。

Resumen

Accesibilidad y la tríada ‘movilidad–trabajo–hogar cotidianos’: análisis durante la crisis del COVID-19 en periferias de bajos ingresos de Lima y Bogotá. Area Development and Policy. ¿Cómo se toman las decisiones sobre dónde, cuándo y cómo desplazarse al trabajo? ¿Y cómo afectó la crisis pandémica a los patrones de desplazamientos? A partir de entrevistas exploratorias en Lima y relatos familiares recabados en Bogotá durante el año 2020, además de una segunda ronda de entrevistas en seis áreas con bajos ingresos en las periferias de estas dos ciudades durante el año 2021, este artículo ofrece una visión panorámica de los cambios experimentados en barrios de bajos ingresos y sus familias durante estos recientes años de pandemia. Estos cambios sacan a la luz el papel de los acuerdos en los hogares con respecto a movilidad y accesibilidad. Proponemos que la movilidad y la accesibilidad se entenderían mejor a un nivel más sistémico (influenciado por los acuerdos en los hogares), como un fenómeno colectivo (basado en los recursos y necesidades de cada hogar), e incluso como un procesos colectivo de toma de decisiones.

Аннотация

Доступность и триада “Повседневная мобильность – работа – домашнее хозяйство”: исследование во время кризиса Covid-19 на низкодоходной периферии Лимы и Боготы. Area Development and Policy. Как люди принимают решения о том, куда, когда и как добираться на работу? И как пандемия повлияла на их привычки ездить на работу? Основываясь на предварительных интервью в Лиме и семейных хрониках, собранных в Боготе в течение 2020 года, и на втором раунде интервью в шести районах с низким уровнем дохода на периферии этих двух городов в течение 2021 года, эта статья излагает обзор изменений, произошедших в районах с низким уровнем дохода и в населяющих их семьях за последние годы. Эти изменения проливают свет на роль внутрисемейных договоренностей в отношении мобильности и доступности. Мы предполагаем, что мобильность и доступность могут быть лучше поняты на более системном уровне (под влиянием внутрисемейных договоренностей), как коллективное явление (основанное на ресурсах и потребностях домохозяйства) и даже как коллективный процесс принятия решений.

DISCLOSURE STATEMENT

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Notes

1. In the study areas of the Modural Project – all of them working-class peripheries – the average number of individuals per household is slightly higher than the metropolitan average: 3 versus 2.9 in Bogotá (DANE Citation2018), and 3.8 versus 3.65 in Lima (INEI Citation2017).

2. On the differentiated effects of the pandemic on vulnerable groups see “CEPAL” (Citation2022). Specifically on the case of Perú see World Bank (Citation2023)

5. The figures in the square correspond to the number of interviews and chronicles in which the code appears at least once. It is important to note that the absence of any of the phenomena analysed (codes) in the interviews and chronicles does not necessarily reflect its non-existence; the data gathering instruments were not designed to capture all the phenomena analysed, as some themes emerged during the process. Since the unit of analysis is the household, different situations can occur simultaneously within a single household (such as loss the loss of a job by one member and an increase in earnings for another). In these cases, both phenomena are noted.

Additional information

Funding

This paper is a result of the MODURAL Project (Sustainable Mobility in Latin American Cities) funded by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche – France (ANR): https://anr.fr/Projet-ANR-19-CE22-0016

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