New agents for Clostridium difficile-associated disease

Abstract

Background: Clostridia-derived diseases, in particular C. difficile-associated disease (CDAD), have been increasing in incidence, severity, and morbidity. The mainstay of treatment options has relied upon metronidazole and vancomycin, but these treatments routinely result in high relapse rates (20%) and, in the case of metronidazole, decreasing efficacy. Objective: Evaluate and compare the current clinical and preclinical therapies of CDAD. Methods: . Results/conclusion: The new antibiotics in development and preclinical development reflect next-generation versions of older drugs or two new mechanism-of-action class drugs (OPT-80, REP3123). Based on the current preclinical and clinical data, the next-generation drugs impart only a subtle difference from the intrinsic weaknesses of their genre. In contrast, OPT-80 and REP3123 seem to be differentiated.

Keywords::

• CDA-1
• CDAD
• Clostridium difficile
• fusidic acid
• MDX-1388
• nitazoxanide
• OPT-80
• oritavancin
• ramoplanin
• REP3123
• rifalazil
• rifampin
• rifaximin
• tolevamer
• toxoid