Advances in dendritic cell-based therapeutic vaccines for cervical cancer

Abstract

Cervical cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide and remains an important health problem for women, especially in underserved and minority groups in industrially developed nations. Although radical surgery and radiotherapy represent effective modalities of treatment for invasive cervical cancer, up to 35% of these patients overall will develop recurrent/metastatic disease for which treatment results remain poor. Novel therapeutic strategies that are effective in reducing the risk of recurrence/metastatic disease are still needed desperately. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection represents the most important risk factor for the development of cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer. Since HPVE6 and E7 oncoproteins are constantly expressed in these lesions, these foreign proteins represent ideal tumor-specific target antigens for immunotherapy of cervical cancer. Recently, the recognition of dendritic cells (DC) as powerful antigen-presenting cells, capable of inducing primary T-cell responses in vitro and in vivo, has generated widespread interest in DC-based immunotherapy of several human malignancies. This review summarizes the therapeutic clinical trials and the different preclinical research strategies that are under investigation, with a particular emphasis on the use of autologous DC-pulsed HPV16 or 18 E7 oncoproteins as therapeutic vaccines against cervical cancer.

Keywords::

• cervical cancer
• cytotoxic T lymphocyte
• dendritic cell
• E7
• human papillomavirus
• immunosuppression
• immunotherapy

Financial & competing interests disclosure

The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.