Co-overexpression of Hsp90-β and annexin A1 with a significantly positive correlation contributes to the diagnosis of lung cancer

Abstract

Aim: Hsp90-β and annexin A1 have been demonstrated to be associated with tumorigenesis. However, the effect of Hsp90-β and annexin A1 in lung cancer remains poorly understood. In this research, the correlation of Hsp90-β and annexin A1 in lung cancer patients were analyzed. Methods: The expression levels of Hsp90-β and annexin A1 were examined by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. Results: Lung cancer tissues and serum exhibited higher co-expression of Hsp90-β and annexin A1 than control groups (p < 0.05). Hsp90-β and annexin A1 could discriminate lung cancer from the control groups (sensitivity of Hsp90-β was 80.2% in tissues and 96% in serum; specificity of Hsp90-β was 80% in tissues and 83.33% in serum; sensitivity of annexin A1 was 68.76% in tissues and 95.23% in serum; specificity of annexin A1 was 75% in tissues and 85.7% in serum) and multi-index combined detection had a better diagnostic value. Conclusion: The expression levels of Hsp90-β and annexin A1 positively correlated and such co-overexpression of Hsp90-β and annexin A1 contributed to lung cancer diagnosis.

Keywords::

• annexin A1
• biomarker
• co-expression
• Hsp90-β
• lung cancer

Financial & competing interests disclosure

Li W, Ming ZJ, Cai XG and Zhang QH participated in its design, discussed the results and helped draft the manuscript. Rong BX and Yang SY participated in its design, carried out experiments, data statistics and wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Scientific Foundation of China (NO. 81172234) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China. The authors are grateful for the technical advice provided by Du Mengang (ChaoYing Biotech Company, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China), Li Jun (The fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China). The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.

Key issues

• Hsp90-β and annexin A1 were investigated as carcinogenic factors because they appear to be associated with tumorigenesis. However, the effect of Hsp90-β and annexin A1 in lung cancer patients remains poorly understood.

• Hsp90-β and annexin A1 exhibited high expression in all histological types of lung cancer tissues, particularly in poorly differentiated lung cancer, which suggests that the upregulation of Hsp90-β and annexin A1 in the cytoplasm of tumor cells may contribute to cancer progression.

• Serum levels of Hsp90-β and annexin A1 were higher in lung cancer patients than in healthy examined subjects, and the upregulation of these molecules in lung cancer was associated with poor malignant tendency of lung cancer patients.

• The expression of Hsp90-β was significantly correlated with the expression of annexin A1 in lung cancer tissues and serum, suggesting a positive correlation. These data showed that the expressions of Hsp90-β and annexin A1 affected the process of lung cancer together.

• Hsp90-β and annexin A1 increased in tissues and serum of lung cancer patients simultaneously may provide a theoretical and practical basis for whether both of them could be used as lung cancer biological markers. Generally, the ideal method for tumor marker screening should be simple, and clinical blood samples should have obviously outstanding advantages.

• In the current study, results suggested that detection of serum and tissue levels have an equal efficiency. Even negative predictive values of serum detection were higher than those at tissue level. Particularly, the sensitivity of serum combined detection was above 90%, which is higher than a previous single detection.

• The upregulation of Hsp90-β and annexin A1 was potentially involved in the progression and prognosis of lung cancer, which indicated that these proteins should be considered as molecular biomarkers of lung cancer diagnosis and prognosis.

Notes