Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in elderly patients

Abstract

Antipsychotic drugs are widely and increasingly prescribed for neurobehavioral disorders in elderly patients. However, the efficacy of these drugs has not been consistently demonstrated in geriatric populations and there are continuing concerns regarding adverse effects. Among the latter are severe neurological disorders, including neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Although the incidence and mortality of neuroleptic malignant syndrome may have declined with heightened awareness of this disorder and the development of newer drugs, neuroleptic malignant syndrome still occurs in association with the use of antipsychotics. To enhance patient safety and clinical vigilance among practitioners, the authors present a clinical overview of neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

Keywords::

• antipsychotic drug
• benzodiazepine
• dantrolene
• dopamine agonist
• dopamine antagonist
• electroconvulsive therapy
• hyperthermia
• neuroleptic malignant syndrome
• psychosis
• schizophrenia