An overview of visceral leishmaniasis elimination program in India: a picture imperfect

Abstract

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has been one of the most neglected tropical diseases in India. Concurrent and correct data on the burden of VL is vital to plan, allocate trained resources and to monitor the progress of the elimination program. More emphasis on integrated vector management can help in combating the disease spread. Effective surveillance, active and accurate diagnosis using rK39 strip test and use of an affordable, safe and efficient treatment option like liposomal amphotericin B remain the key components of VL control. Sustained advocacy, information, education and communication are needed in all the endemic areas. In this paper, we review the effectiveness of the strategies adopted in VL elimination in India.

Keywords::

• elimination in India
• indicator
• integrated vector management
• kala-azar
• visceral leishmaniasis

Financial & competing interests disclosure

All the authors are employees of Siro Clinpharm Pvt Ltd, Thane, India. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

The experts from Siro Clinpharm Pvt Ltd, Thane, India were involved in writing of the manuscript.

Key issues

• With many limitations in visceral leishmaniasis elimination program, the goal of elimination in India by the year 2015 seems a far dream.

• Current strategies and monitoring programs have to be improved, active case detection and treatment programs should be initiated.

• Newer combination drugs and vaccines along with uninterrupted drug supplies and health care coverage are the need of the hour.

• Policies that drive health education and behavioral changes have to be strongly advocated.

• Partnership and collaboration with various stakeholders and other vector-borne disease control programs is critical at all levels.

• Strong and sustained political commitment and policies are also crucial for elimination along with providing adequate resources.

Notes