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Abstract
Mitochondria are highly ordered, integrated organelles that energize cellular activities and contribute to programmed death by initiating disciplined apoptotic cascades. This review seeks to clarify our understanding of mitochondrial structural–functional integrity beyond the resolved nuclear genome by unraveling the dynamic mitochondrial proteome and elucidating proteome/genome interplay. The roles of mechanochemical coupling between mitoskeleton and cytoskeleton and crosstalk with other organelles in orchestrating cellular outcomes are explained. The authors also review the modulation of mitochondrial-related oxidative stress on apoptosis and cancer development and the context is applied to interpret pathogenetic events in neurodegenerative disorders and cardiovascular diseases. The accumulated proteomics evidence is used to describe the integral role that mitochondria play and how they influence other intracellular organelles. Possible mitochondrial-targeted therapeutic interventions are also discussed.
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to Nagwa Khafaga for her effort in assisting the release of this work.
Financial & competing interests disclosure
This work was supported by the Inje University Research Grant (2004) and Priority Research Centers Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology(2010-0020224 and 2012R1A2A1A03007595). The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.
No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.