Adaptation and Preliminary Testing of the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ) for Children in India

ABSTRACT

Aims: While Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) has gained worldwide attention, in India it is relatively unknown. The revised DCD Questionnaire (DCDQ′07) is one of the most utilized screening tools for DCD. The aim of this study was to translate the DCDQ′07 into the Hindi language (DCDQ-Hindi) and test its basic psychometric properties. Methods: The DCDQ′07 was translated following guidelines for cross cultural adaptation of instruments. Parents of 1100 children (5–15 years) completed the DCDQ-Hindi, of which 955 were considered for data analysis and 60 were retested randomly after 3 weeks for test–retest reliability. Results: The DCDQ-Hindi showed high internal consistency (α = .86) and moderate test–retest reliability (.73). Confirmatory factor analysis showed equivalence to the DCDQ′07. The% probable DCD using DCDQ′07 cutoff scores (≤57) ranged from 22% to 68%. Using more stringent cutoffs (≤36) it ranged from 5% to 9%. Significant difference was seen for gender (p < .05) in subset 1(gross-motor skills) total scores. Conclusions: The DCDQ-Hindi reveals promise for initial identification of Hindi speaking Indian children with DCD. Based on more stringent cut-off scores, the “probable prevalence” of children with risk of DCD in India appears to be around 6–7%. Research with larger sample and comparison with the MABC-2 or equivalent is needed.

KEYWORDS.:

• Developmental Coordination Disorder
• DCDQ′07
• questionnaire
• validity and reliability

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors thank Harsh Pandya, Dr. Ankita Shah, and Srujana Prajapati for being a part of the translation committee. We thank Prakash Patel for helping to collaborate schools in our study and collecting valuable data. We also thank all the physical therapists who participated in the field testing and collaborating schools. We are grateful to all the parents who participated in the screening process.

Declaration of Interest: The authors report no declarations of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the article.

FUNDING

The study was funded by the College of Education and Human Development at the Texas A&M University.

ABOUT THE AUTHORS

Priya Patel is a Kinesiology master's graduate from Texas A&M University. She is originally from India, with an undergraduate degree in Physical Therapy. Dr. Carl Gabbard is Professor and Director of the Child Motor Development Lab in the Motor Neuroscience Division at Texas A&M University.