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Abstract
Primary objective: This study assesses the influence of socio-demographic, psychosocial, clinical and radiological variables on the outcome of patients with mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) in an acute care inpatient setting.
Research design: Retrospective cohort study.
Methods and procedure: A total of 2127 inpatients with MTBI were included. Outcomes measured were Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS-E), the FIM® instrument, length of stay (LOS) and discharge destination.
Main outcomes and results: Fifty-four per cent of patients with MTBI with a median GOS-E of 2 were discharged home with no need for further follow-up. Age, LOS, lower Glasgow score (GCS) at admission, insurance coverage and positive CT scans were associated with rehabilitation referrals on discharge. Age, LOS, alcohol and drug abuse, motor vehicle collision and lower GCS at admission were associated with greater physical disabilities and functional impairment at discharge. FIM® cognitive functional scores were higher in women, younger patients and patients without psychiatric disorders. Brain lesions were correlated with longer LOS. CT scan findings in patients with MTBI may help clinicians predict the final outcome and resources required for patient care during their hospitalization and on discharge.
Conclusion: This study can help healthcare professionals in treating and planning future care of patients with MTBI.
Notes
†FIM® is a trademark of Uniform Data System for Medical Rehabilitation, a division of UB Foundation Activities, Inc.