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Brain Injury Volume 29, 2015 - Issue 1
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Original Article

Procyanidins protects against oxidative damage and cognitive deficits after traumatic brain injury

Xiang MaoDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China, ;Neurotrauma Laboratory, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, ;Department of Neurotrauma, General Hospital of Armed Police Forces, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, ;China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, ;Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,
,
Shuyu HaoDepartment of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, ;China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, ;Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,
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Zhendan ZhuNeurotrauma Laboratory, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, ;China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, ;Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, ;General Hospital of Armed Police Forces Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China, and
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Hao ZhangDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China, ;Neurotrauma Laboratory, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, ;China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, ;Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,
,
Weichuan WuDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, People’s Republic of China
,
Feifan XuDepartment of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, ;China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, ;Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,
&
Baiyun LiuDepartment of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, ;Neurotrauma Laboratory, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, ;Department of Neurotrauma, General Hospital of Armed Police Forces, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, ;China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, ;Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Correspondence[email protected]
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Pages 86-92 | Received 03 May 2014, Accepted 19 Sep 2014, Published online: 03 Oct 2014
 
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Abstract

Primary objective: Oxidative stress is the principal factor in traumatic brain injury (TBI) that initiates the events that result in protracted neuronal dysfunction and remodeling. Importantly, antioxidants can protect the brain against oxidative damage and modulate the capacity of the brain to cope with synaptic dysfunction and cognitive impairment.

Research design: To date, however, no studies have investigated the effects of procyanidins (PC) on cognitive deficits after TBI. Methods and Procedures: In the present study, rats with controlled cortical impact (CCI) were used to investigate the protective effects of procyanidins.

Main outcomes and results: The results showed that procyanidins reduced the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and elevated the level of glutathione (GSH) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). In addition, treatment with procyanidins, which elevated the levels of brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF), phosphorylation-cAMP-response element binding protein (pCREB), total CREB, and cyclic AMP (cAMP), improved cognitive performance in the Morris water maze after TBI.

Conclusions: These results suggest that procyanidins appear to counteract oxidative damage and behavioral dysfunction after TBI through antioxidant activity and the up-regulation of cAMP/CREB signaling.

Acknowledgements

We would like to express our gratitude to Mr Ming Sun for his help.

Declaration of interest

The authors report no conflict of interests related to this study or the findings specified in this paper. This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81171144), Beijing Nova program (No.XX2012033) and National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2013BAI09B03).

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