Serum levels of oncostatin M (a gp 130 cytokine): an inflammatory biomarker in periodontal disease

Abstract

Objective: Periodontitis is considered to be a risk factor for systemic diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, etc., and cytokines play a key role. The present study was carried out to measure the level of serum oncostatin M (OSM) in patients with chronic periodontitis, and to evaluate the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on the serum OSM concentration.

Materials and methods: Sixty subjects were divided into three groups (each group n = 20) based on the gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL): group I healthy; group II gingivitis; and group III chronic periodontitis. Group III patients were followed for 8 weeks after non-surgical periodontal therapy as the after-treatment group (group IV). Estimation of serum OSM was done using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results: The mean OSM concentrations in serum were highest in the chronic periodontitis group (mean 68.05 pg ml⁻¹) and decreased following treatment (39.65 pg ml⁻¹) while OSM was undetectable in healthy subjects or in patients with gingivitis.

Conclusion: Increased serum OSM concentration in patients with chronic periodontitis and its positive correlation with PPD and CAL, suggest its role as an inflammatory biomarker in periodontal disease and it may exaggerate other systemic conditions such as atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Keywords::

• Oncostatin M
• cytokines
• serum
• gingivitis
• periodontitis
• inflammatory biomarker

Acknowledgements

The authors thank Colgate-Palmolive India Ltd, Mumbai, India, for partly funding this research project. We also thank Professor Bhimsen Rao, Bangalore, India, for language corrections and the critical reading of this manuscript.

Declaration of interest

The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.