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Biomarkers Volume 16, 2011 - Issue 5
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Research Article

Imbalanced estrogen metabolism in the brain: possible relevance to the etiology of Parkinson’s disease

Nilesh W. GaikwadEppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
,
Daniel MurmanDepartment of Neurological Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
,
Cheryl L. BeselerDepartment of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
,
Muhammad ZahidEppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
,
Eleanor G. Rogan
&
Ercole L. CavalieriCorrespondence[email protected]
Pages 434-444 | Received 25 Mar 2011, Accepted 12 May 2011, Published online: 21 Jun 2011
 
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Abstract

Damage to DNA by dopamine quinone and/or catechol estrogen quinones may play a significant role in the initiation of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Depurinating estrogen–DNA adducts are shed from cells and excreted in urine. The aim of this study was to discover whether higher levels of estrogen–DNA adducts are associated with PD. Forty estrogen metabolites, conjugates, and DNA adducts were analyzed in urine samples from 20 PD cases and 40 matched controls by using ultra performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. The levels of adducts in cases versus controls (P < 0.005) suggest that unbalanced estrogen metabolism could play a causal role in the initiation of PD.

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