The ICF core sets for hearing loss project: International expert survey on functioning and disability of adults with hearing loss using the international classification of functioning, disability, and health (ICF)

Abstract

Objective: To identify relevant aspects of functioning, disability, and contextual factors for adults with hearing loss (HL) from hearing health professional perspective summarized using the ICF classification as reference tool. Design: Internet-based cross-sectional survey using open-ended questions. Responses were analysed using a simplified content analysis approach to link concept to ICF categories according to linking rules. Study sample: Hearing health professionals (experts) recruited through e-mail distribution lists of professional organizations and personal networks of ICF core set for hearing loss steering committee members. Stratified sampling according to profession and world region enhanced the international and professional representation. Results: Sixty-three experts constituted the stratified sample used in the analysis. A total of 1726 meaningful concepts were identified in this study, resulting in 209 distinctive ICF categories, with 106 mentioned by 5% or more of respondents. Most categories in the activities & participation component related to communication, while the most frequent environmental factors related to the physical environment such as hearing aids or noise. Mental functions, such as confidence or emotional functions were also frequently highlighted. Conclusions: More than half (53.3%) of the entire ICF classification categories were included in the expert survey results. This emphasizes the importance of a multidimensional tool, such as the ICF, for assessing persons with hearing loss.

Key Words::

• Hearing loss
• audiology
• ICF
• ICF core sets
• hearing health professionals
• expert survey

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Alarcos Cieza, Heinrich Gall, and Melissa Selb from the ICF Research Branch (a cooperation partner within the WHO Collaborating Centre for the Family of International Classifications in Germany [at DIMDI]), and the following members of the ICF Core Sets for HL steering committee: Jean-Pierre Gagné, Louise Hickson, Sophia Kramer, Bradley McPherson, Jan Peter Strömgren, and Gerold Stucki. The authors would also like to extend a special thanks to Reuben Escorpizo of the ICF Research Branch for valuable discussions and opinions regarding the design of this study.

Declaration of interest: This work was funded by grants from the Oticon Foundation and Hörselforskningsfonden (Swedish hearing research foundation).