The Fourth Amendment and Random Drug Testing of People With Chronic Pain

ABSTRACT

It is common for physicians who prescribe opioids for chronic pain to drug test their patients. This practice may soon be mandated by the State of Washington as a result of passage of their new law ESHB 2876. Random drug testing of people simply because they seek treatment for chronic pain arguably constitutes a suspicionless and warrantless search that violates both the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments. Issues discussed include consent, circumstantial coercion, and “special needs” searches.

KEYWORDS :

• Chronic pain
• circumstantial coercion
• Fourth Amendment
• Fourteenth Amendment
• opioids
• special needs search
• urine drug test