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Toxin Reviews Volume 34, 2015 - Issue 1
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Review Article

The occurrence of aflatoxin in rice worldwide: a review

Amin O. ElzupirCommittee on Radiation and Environmental Pollution Protection, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, KSA, ;Ministry of Sciences & Technology, Central Laboratory, Khartoum, Sudan, and Correspondence[email protected]
,
Abdulaziz S. AlamerCommittee on Radiation and Environmental Pollution Protection, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, KSA,
&
Michael F. DuttonFaculty of Health Sciences, Food, Environment & Health Research Group, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
Pages 37-42 | Received 07 Sep 2014, Accepted 29 Oct 2014, Published online: 27 Jan 2015
 
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Abstract

Rice is the second largest quantity staple international traded cereal and is produced in climatic areas favorable to aflatoxin production, which affects such trading. This review article is to show and explain the levels of aflatoxin contamination of rice worldwide; in general, the contamination is low and varies from country to country. However, the high daily intake of rice makes even these lower levels of concern, as aflatoxin B1 is carcinogenic and has been correlated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence in some countries. In addition, the analytical procedures, the permissible limits used worldwide have been reviewed and discussed.

Declaration of interest

The authors report no declaration of interest.

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