Use of PCR in endophthalmitis

References

• Rogers NK, Fox PD, Noble BA, KerrK, Inglis T. Aggressive management of an epidemic of chronic pseudophakic endophthalmitis: results and literature survey. Br J Ophthalmol 1994;78(2):I15–119.
   Google Scholar
• Kalicharan D, Jongebloed WL, LosLI, Worst JGF. (An)aerobic bacteria found in the secondary-cataract material. A SEM/TEM study. Doc Ophthalmol 1992;82(I–2):125–133.
   Google Scholar
• Busin M, Cusumano A, Spitznas M.Intraocular lens removal from eyes with chronic low-grade endophthalmi-tis. J Cataract Refract Surg 1995; 21(6):6704
   Google Scholar
• Okhravi N, Towler HMA, Hykin P, Matheson MM, Lightman S. Assessment of a standard treatment protocol on visual outcome following presumed bacterial endophthalmitis. Br J Ophthalmol 1997;81:719–725.
   Google Scholar
• Davis JL, Nussenblatt RB, BachmanDM, Chan CC, Palestine AG. Endogenous bacterial retinitis in AIDS. Am J Ophthalmol 1989;107(6): 613–623.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Therese KL, Anand AR, Madhavan HN. Polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of bacterial endophthalmitis. Br J Ophthalmol 1998;82:1078–1082.
   Google Scholar
• Knox CM, Cevallos V, Margolis TP, Dean D. Identification of bacterial pathogens in patients with endophthalmitis by 16S ribosomal DNA typing. Am J Ophthalmol 1999; 128:511–512.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lohmann CP, Heeb M, Linde H-J, Gabel V-P, Reischl U. Diagnosis of infectious endophthalmitis after cataract surgery by polymerase chain reaction. J Cataract Refract Surg 1998; 24:821–826.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Okhravi N, Adamson P, Dunlop A, Towler HMA, Matheson MM, Lightman S. PCR-based evidence of bacterial involvement in eyes with suspected intraocular infection. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2000; in press.
   Google Scholar
• Okhravi N, Adamson P, Matheson MM, Towler HMA, Lightman S. PCR/ RFLP based detection and speciation of bacteria causing endophthalmitis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2000;41 (6):1438–I447.
   Google Scholar
• Carroll NM, Jaeger EEM, Choudhury S, Dunlop AAS, Matheson MM, Adamson P, Okhravi N, Lightman S. Detection of and discrimination between Gram positive/Gram negative bacteria in intraocular samples using nested PCR. J Clin Microbiol 2000;38 (5):1753–1757.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Okhravi N, Adamson P, Lightman S. Polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of bacterial endophthalmitis (letter). Br J Ophthalmol 1999;83(3): 378–380.
   Google Scholar
• Carroll N, Adamson P, Okhravi N. Elimination of contaminating bacterial DNA in Taq polymerase. J Clin Microbiol 1999;37(10):3402–3404.
   Google Scholar
• Okhravi N, Guest S, Matheson MM, Kees F, Ficker LA, Tuft SJ, Lightman S. Assessment of the effect of oral clarithromycin on visual outcome following presumed bacterial endophthalmitis. Curr Eye Research 2000; in press.
   Google Scholar
• Okhravi N, Adamson P, Mant R, Matheson MM, Midgely G, Towler HMA, Lightman S. Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism mediated detection and speciation of Candida spp. causing intraocular infection. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1998;39 (6):859–866.
   Google Scholar
• Jaeger EEM, Carroll NM, Choudhury S, Dunlop AAS, Matheson MM, Adamson P, Okhravi N, Lightman S. Rapid detection and identification using nested PCR of Candida, Aspergillus and Fusarium species in ocular samples. J Clin Microbiol 2000; in press.
   Google Scholar
• Wiedbrauk DL, Werner JC, Drevon AM. Inhibition of PCR by aqueous and vitreous fluids. J Clin Microbiol 1995;33:2643–2646.
   Google Scholar
• Druel B, Vandenesch F, Greenland T, Verneau V, Grando J, Salord F, et al. Aseptic meningitis after neurosurgery: a demonstration of bacterial involvement. Clin Microbiol Infect 1996;1(4):230–234.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wilbrink B, Van der Heijden IM, Schouls LM, Van Embden JD, Hazes JM, Breedveld FC, et al. Detection of bacterial DNA in joint samples from patients with undifferentiated arthritis and reactive arthritis, using polymerase chain reaction with universal 16S ribosomal RNA primers. Arthritis Rheum 1998;41(3): 535–543
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Canvin JM, Goutcher SC, Hagig M, Gemmell CG, Sturrock RD. Persistance of Staphylococcus aureus as detected by polymerase chain reaction in the synovial fluid of patient with septic arthritis. Br J Rheumatol 1997;36(2):203–206.
   Google Scholar
• Ariyasu RG, Nakamura T, Trousdale MD, Smith RE. Intraoperative bacterial contamination of the aqueous humor. Ophthalmic Surg 1993;24(6):367–373
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dickey JB, Thompson ICD, Jay WM. Anterior chamber aspirate cultures after uncomplicated cataract surgery [see comments]. Am J Ophthalmol 1991;112(3):278–282
   Google Scholar
• Assalian A, Thompson P, St-Antoine P, Lemire J, Duprre J, Demers J-P, et al. Anterior chamber fluid contamination after uncomplicated phacoemulsification. J Cataract Refract Surg 1995;2 I :539–542.
   Google Scholar
• Krieger IN, Riley DE, Roberts MC, Berger RE. Prokaryotic sequences in patients with chronic idiopathic prostatitis. J Clin Microbiol 1996;34: 312o–3128.
   Google Scholar
• Hitti J, Riley DE, Krohn MA, Hillier SL, Agnew ICJ, Krieger JN, et al. Broad spectrum bacterial rDNA polymerase chain reaction assay for detecting amniotic fluid infection among women in premature labour. Clin Infect Dis 1997;24(6):1228–1232.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yeh TH, Lin SK, Lee MH, Chang WK, Wu JH, Ryu SJ. Mixed meningococcal and tuberculous meningitis. J Formos Med Assoc 1997;96(6):461–464.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Riley DE, Berger RE, Miner DC, Krieger JN. Diverse and related i6s rRNA-encoding DNA sequences in the prostate tissues of men with chronic prostatitis. J Clin Microbiol 1998;36(6):1646–1652.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ley BE, Linton CJ, Bennett DM, Jalal H, Foot AB, Millar MR. Detection of bacteraemia in patients with fever and neutropenia using i6s rRNA gene amplification by polymerase chain reaction. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1998;17(4):247–253.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Domingue GJ, Ghoniem GM, Bost KL, Fermin C, Human LG. Dormant microbes in interstitial cystitis. J Urol 1995;153(4):1321–1326.
   Google Scholar