53
Views
22
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Mouth/Pharynx

Does the Tonsillar Surface Flora Differ in Children with and without Tonsillar Disease?

, , , , &
Pages 873-878 | Published online: 08 Jul 2009

  • Kvaerner KJ, Nafstad P, Jaakkola JJ. Upper respiratory morbidity in preschool children: a cross-sectional study. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2000; 126: 1201-6.
  • Nyquist AC, Gonzales R, Steiner JF, Sande MA. Antibiotic prescribing for children with colds, upper respiratory tract infections, and bronchitis. JAMA 1998; 279: 875-7.
  • Reilly S, Timmis P, Beeden AG, Willis AT. Possible role of the anaerobe in tonsillitis. J Clin Pathol 1981; 34: 542-7.
  • Toner JG, Stewart TJ, Campbell JB, Hunter J. Tonsil flora in the very young tonsillectomy patient. Clin Otolaryngol 1986; 11: 171-4.
  • Endo LH, Sakano E, Carvalho DS, Bilecki M, Oliveira UM. Comparative bacteriology of the surface of normal and pathological palatine tonsils in children. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl (Stockh) 1996; 523: 130-2.
  • van Staaij BK, van den Akker EH, Poels PJ, Hoes AW, Schilder AG. Adenotonsillectomy in children: not yet scientifically validated. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2002; 146: 8-12 (in Dutch).
  • Paradise JL, Bluestone CD, Bachman RZ, et al. Efficacy of tonsillectomy for recurrent throat infection in severely affected children. Results of parallel randomized and nonrandomized clinical trials. N Engl J Med 1984; 310: 674-83.
  • Brouilette R, Hanson D, David R, et al. A diagnostic approach to suspected obstructive sleep apnea in children. J Pediatr 1984; 105: 10-4.
  • Woolford TJ, Hanif J, Washband S, Hari CK, Ganguli LA. The effect of previous antibiotic therapy on the bacteriology of the tonsils in children. Int J Clin Pract 1999; 53: 96-8.
  • Balows AA, Hausler JWJ, Hermann KL, et al. Manual of clinical microbiology, 5th edn. Washington D.C.: American Society for Microbiology, 1991.
  • Brook I, Leyva F. Discrepancies in the recovery of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci from both tonsillar surfaces. Laryngoscope 1991; 101: 795-6.
  • Surow JB, Handler SD, Telian SA, Fleisher GR, Baranak CC. Bacteriology of tonsil surface and core in children. Laryngoscope 1989; 99: 261-6.
  • Gaffney RJ, Freeman DJ, Walsh MA, Cafferkey MT. Differences in tonsil core bacteriology in adults and children: a prospective study of 262 patients. Respir Med 1991; 85: 383-8.
  • Brook I, Yocum P, Shah K. Surface vs core-tonsillar aerobic and anaerobic flora in recurrent tonsillitis. JAMA 1980; 244: 1696-8.
  • Almadori G, Bastianini L, Bistoni F, Paludetti G, Rosignoli M. Microbial flora of surface versus core tonsillar cultures in recurrent tonsillitis in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1988; 15: 157-62.
  • Kielmovitch IH, Keleti G, Bluestone CD, Wald ER, Gonzalez C. Microbiology of obstructive tonsillar hypertrophy and recurrent tonsillitis. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1989; 115: 721-4.
  • Brodsky L, Nagy M, Volk M, Stanievich J, Moore L. The relationship of tonsil bacterial concentration to surface and core cultures in chronic tonsillar disease in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1991; 21: 33-9.
  • Brook I, Foote PA Jr. Microbiology of "normal" tonsils. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1990; 99: 980-3.
  • Brodsky L, Moore L, Stanievich JF, Ogra PL. The immunology of tonsils in children: the effect of bacterial load on the presence of B- and T-cell subsets. Laryngoscope 1988; 98: 93-8.
  • Francois M, Hingen E, Soussi T, Narcy P. Bacteriology of tonsils in children: comparison between recurrent acute tonsillitis and tonsillar hypertrophy. Adv Otorhinolaryngol 1992; 47: 146-50.
  • Brodsky L, Moore L, Stanievich J. The role of Haemophilus influenzae in the pathogenesis of tonsillar hypertrophy in children. Laryngoscope 1988; 98: 1055-60.
  • Hoffmann S. The throat carrier rate of group A and other beta hemolytic streptococci among patients in general practice. Acta Pathol Microbiol Immunol Scand [B] 1985; 93: 347-51.
  • Gunnarsson RK, Holm SE, Soderstrom M. The prevalence of beta-haemolytic streptococci in throat specimens from healthy children and adults. Implications for the clinical value of throat cultures. Scand J Prim Health Care 1997; 15: 149-55.
  • Stromberg A, Schwan A, Cars O. Throat carrier rates of beta-hemolytic streptococci among healthy adults and children. Scand J Infect Dis 1988; 20: 411-7.
  • Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dowlin R. Principles and practice of infectious diseases, 4th edn. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1995.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.