195
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ARTICLE

Assessment of Early Migration Dynamics of River-Specific Hatchery Atlantic Salmon Smolts

, &
Pages 1279-1290 | Received 30 Mar 2017, Accepted 07 Aug 2017, Published online: 12 Oct 2017

References

  • Antonsson, T., and S. Gudjonsson. 2002. Variability in timing and characteristics of Atlantic Salmon smolt in Icelandic rivers. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 131:643–655.
  • Arter, B. S. 2005. Dennys River watershed nonpoint source pollution management plan. Maine Department of Environmental Protection, Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Project, Dennysville.
  • Bartlett, E., and R. Robinson. 1988. Story of a river: salmon on the Dennys 1786–1988 struggle for survival. Ellsworth American, Dennysville, Maine.
  • Bartron, M. L., D. Buckley, T. King, T. L. King, M. Kinnison, G. Mackey, T. Sheehan, K. Beland, and J. Marancik. 2006. Captive broodstock management plan for Atlantic Salmon at Craig Brook National Fish Hatchery. Report to the Maine Atlantic Salmon Technical Advisory Committee, East Orland.
  • Baum, E. T. 1997. Maine Atlantic Salmon: a national treasure. Atlantic Salmon Unlimited, Hermon, Maine.
  • Beland, K. F. 1996. The relation between red counts and Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) parr populations in the Dennys River, Maine. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 53:513–519.
  • Beland, K. F., J. S. Fletcher, and A. L. Meister. 1982. The Dennys River: an Atlantic Salmon river management report. Maine Atlantic Sea Run Salmon Commission, Augusta.
  • Beland, K. F., J. F. Kocik, J. Van De Sande, and T. F. Sheehan. 2001. Striped Bass predation upon Atlantic Salmon smolts in Maine. Northeastern Naturalist 8:267–274.
  • Blackwell, B. F., and F. Juanes. 1998. Predation on Atlantic Salmon smolts by Striped Bass after dam passage. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 18:936–939.
  • Blackwell, B. F., W. B. Krohn, N. R. Dube, and A. J. Godin. 1997. Spring prey use by double-crested cormorants on the Penobscot River, Maine, USA. Colonial Waterbirds 20:77–86.
  • Brooks, D. A., M. W. Baca, and Y.-T. Lo. 1999. Tidal circulation and residence time in a macrotidal estuary: Cobscook Bay, Maine. Estuarine, Coastal, and Shelf Science 49:647–665.
  • Burnham, K. P., and D. R. Anderson. 2002. Model selection and multimodel inference: a practical information-theoretic approach, 2nd edition. Springer, New York.
  • Choquet, R., J. Lebreton, O. Gimenez, O. Reboulet, and R. Pradel. 2009. U-CARE: utilities for performing goodness of fit tests and manipulating CApture–REcapture data. Ecography 32:1071–1074.
  • Dempson, J. B., M. J. Robertson, C. J. Pennell, G. Furey, M. Bloom, M. Shears, L. M. N. Ollerhead, K. D. Clarke, R. Hinks, and G. J. Robertson. 2011. Residency time, migration route and survival of Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar smolts in a Canadian fjord. Journal of Fish Biology 78:1976–1992.
  • Dieperink, C., B. D. Bak, L. F. Pedersen, M. I. Pedersen, and S. Pedersen. 2002. Predation on Atlantic Salmon and Sea Trout during their first days as postsmolts. Journal of Fish Biology 61:848–852.
  • Fay, C., M. Bartron, S. Craig, A. Hecht, J. Pruden, R. Saunders, T. Sheehan, and J. Trial. 2006. Status review of anadromous Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) in the United States. Report to the National Marine Fisheries Service and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Available: http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/statusreviews.htm. ( September 2017).
  • Fried, S. M., J. D. McCleave, and G. W. LaBar. 1978. Seaward migration of hatchery-reared Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar, smolts in the Penobscot River estuary, Maine: riverine movements. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 35:76–87.
  • Friedland, K. 1998. Ocean climate influences on critical Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) life history events. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55(Supplement 1):119–130.
  • Friedland, K. D., D. G. Redding, J. R. McMenemy, and K. F. Drinkwater. 2003. Multidecadal trends in North American Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) and climate trends relevant to juvenile survival. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 60:563–583.
  • Halfyard, E. A., A. J. F. Gibson, D. E. Ruzzante, M. J. W. Stokesbury, and F. G. Whoriskey. 2012. Estuarine survival and migratory behaviour of Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar smolts. Journal of Fish Biology 81:1626–1645.
  • Halfyard, E. A., J. F. Gibson, M. J. W. Stokesbury, D. E. Ruzzante, and F. G. Whoriskey. 2013. Correlates of estuarine survival of Atlantic Salmon postsmolts from the Southern Upland, Nova Scotia, Canada. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 70:452–460.
  • Hall, C. J., A. Jordan, and M. G. Frisk. 2011. The historic influence of dams on diadromous fish habitat with a focus on river herring and hydrologic longitudinal connectivity. Landscape Ecology 26:95–107.
  • Handeland, S. O., B. T. Björnsson, A. M. Arnesen, and S. O. Stefansson. 2003. Seawater adaptation and growth of post-smolt Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) of wild and farmed strains. Aquaculture 220:367–384.
  • Handeland, S. O., T. Järvi, A. Fernö, and S. O. Stefansson. 1996. Osmotic stress, antipredator behaviour, and mortality of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) smolts. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 53:2673–2680.
  • Hawkes, J. P., R. Saunders, A. D. Vashon, and M. S. Cooperman. 2013. Assessing efficacy of non-lethal harassment of double-crested cormorants to improve Atlantic Salmon smolt survival. Northeastern Naturalist 201:11–18.
  • Hvidsten, N. A., T. G. Heggberget, and A. J. Jensen. 1998. Sea water temperatures at Atlantic Salmon smolt entrance. Nordic Journal of Freshwater Research 74:79–86.
  • Hvidsten, N. A., A. J. Jensen, A. H. Rikardsen, B. Finstad, J. Aure, S. Stefansson, P. Fiske, and B. O. Johnsen. 2009. Influence of sea temperature and initial marine feeding on survival of Atlantic Salmon post-smolts. Journal of Fish Biology 74:1532–1548.
  • Hvidsten, N. A., and R. A. Lund. 1988. Predation on hatchery-reared and wild smolts of Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar L., in the estuary of River Orkla, Norway. Journal of Fish Biology 33:121–126.
  • ICES (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea). 2016. Report of the Working Group on North Atlantic Salmon (WGNAS). International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, C.M. 2016/ACOM:10, Copenhagen.
  • Jepsen, N., E. Holthe, and F. Økland. 2006. Observations of predation on salmon and trout smolts in a river mouth. Fisheries Management and Ecology 13:341–343.
  • Jonsson, B., and N. Jonsson. 2009. A review of the likely effects of climate change on anadromous Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar and Brown Trout Salmo trutta, with particular reference to water temperature and flow. Journal of Fish Biology 75:2381–2447.
  • Jonsson, B., N. Jonsson, and L. P. Hansen. 1991. Differences in life history and migratory behaviour between wild and hatchery-reared Atlantic Salmon in nature. Aquaculture 98:69–78.
  • Jutila, E., E. Jokikokko, and M. Julkunen. 2005. The smolt run and postsmolt survival of Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar L. in relation to early summer water temperatures in the northern Baltic Sea. Ecology of Freshwater Fish 14:69–78.
  • Kallio-Nyberg, I., E. Jutila, I. Saloniemi, and E. Jokikokko. 2004. Association between environmental factors, smolt size and the survival of wild and reared Atlantic Salmon from the Simojoki River in the Baltic Sea. Journal of Fish Biology 65:122–134.
  • Karppinen, P., P. Jounela, R. Huusko, and J. Erkinaro. 2014. Effects of release timing on migration behavior and survival of hatchery-reared Atlantic Salmon smolts in a regulated river. Ecology of Freshwater Fish 23:438–452.
  • Kilduff, D. P., E. Di Lorenzo, L. W. Botsford, and S. L. H. Teo. 2015. Changing central Pacific El Niños reduce stability of North American salmon survival rates. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 112:10962–10966.
  • Kocik, J. F., J. P. Hawkes, T. F. Sheehan, P. A. Music, and K. F. Beland. 2009. Assessing estuarine and coastal migration and survival of wild Atlantic Salmon smolts from the Narraguagus River, Maine, using ultrasonic telemetry. Pages 293–310 in A. J. Haro, K. L. Smith, R. A. Rulifson, C. M. Moffitt, R. J. Klauda, M. J. Dadswell, R. A. Cunjak, J. E. Cooper, K. L. Beal, and T. S. Avery, editors. Challenges for diadromous fishes in a dynamic global environment. American Fisheries Society, Symposium 69, Bethesda, Maryland.
  • Laake, J., E. Rakimberdiev, B. Collier, J. Rotella, and A. Paul. 2012. RMark: R code for MARK analysis. R package version 2.1.6-1. Available: http://www.afsc.noaa.gov/Publications/ProcRpt/PR2013-01.pdf. ( September 2017).
  • LaBar, G. W., J. D. McCleave, and S. M. Fried. 1978. Seaward migration of hatchery-reared Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) smolts in the Penobscot River estuary, Maine: open-water movements. ICES (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea) Journal of Marine Science 38:257–269.
  • Lacroix, G. L. 2008. Influence of origin on migration and survival of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) in the Bay of Fundy, Canada. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 65:2063–2079.
  • Lacroix, G. L., D. Knox, and M. J. W. Stokesbury. 2005. Survival and behaviour of post-smolt Atlantic Salmon in coastal habitat with extreme tides. Journal of Fish Biology 66:485–498.
  • Lacroix, G. L., and P. McCurdy. 1996. Migratory behavior of post-smolt Atlantic Salmon during initial stages of seaward migration. Journal of Fish Biology 49:1086–1101.
  • Lacroix, G. L., P. McCurdy, and D. Knox. 2004. Migration of Atlantic Salmon postsmolts in relation to habitat use in a coastal system. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 133:1455–1471.
  • Liebich, T., S. D. McCormick, D. Kircheis, K. Johnson, R. Regal, and T. Hrabik. 2011. Water chemistry and its effects on the physiology and survival of Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar smolts. Journal of Fish Biology 79:502–519.
  • Magee, J., T. A. Haines, J. F. Kocik, K. F. Beland, and S. D. McCormick. 2001. Effects of acidity and aluminum on the physiology and migratory behavior of Atlantic Salmon smolts in Maine, USA. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 130:881–886.
  • Martin, F., R. D. Hedger, J. J. Dodson, L. Fernandes, D. Hatin, F. Caron, and F. G. Whoriskey. 2009. Behavioural transition during the estuarine migration of wild Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) smolt. Ecology of Freshwater Fish 18:406–417.
  • Maynard, D. J., and J. G. Trial. 2014. The use of hatchery technology for the conservation of Pacific and Atlantic salmon. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 24:803–817.
  • McCleave, J. D. 1978. Rhythmic aspects of estuarine migration of hatchery-reared Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) smolts. Journal of Fish Biology 12:559–570.
  • McCormick, S. D., L. P. Hansen, T. P. Quinn, and R. L. Saunders. 1998. Movement, migration, and smolting of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55(Supplement 1):77–92.
  • Moore, A., S. Ives, T. A. Mead, and L. Talks. 1998. The migratory behavior of wild Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) smolts in the River Test and South Hampton Water, southern England. Hydrobiologia 371/372:295–304.
  • Moore, A., E. C. E. Potter, N. J. Milner, and S. Bamber. 1995. The migratory behaviour of wild Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) smolts in the estuary of the River Conwy, North Wales. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52:1923–1935.
  • NRC (National Research Council). 2004. Atlantic Salmon in Maine. National Academies Press, Washington, D.C.
  • Otero, J., J. H. L’Abée-Lund, T. Castro-Santos, K. Leonardsson, G. O. Storvik, B. Jonsson, B. Dempson, I. C. Russell, A. J. Jensen, J.-L. Baglinière, M. Dionne, J. D. Armstrong, A. Romakkaniemi, B. H. Letcher, J. F. Kocik, J. Erkinaro, R. Poole, G. Rogan, H. Lundqvist, J. C. MacLean, E. Jokikokko, J. V. Arnekleiv, R. J. Kennedy, E. Niemelä, P. Caballero, P. A. Music, T. Antonsson, S. Gudjonsson, A. E. Veselov, A. Lamberg, S. Groom, B. H. Taylor, M. Taberner, M. Dillane, F. Arnason, G. Horton, N. A. Hvidsten, I. R. Jonsson, N. Jonsson, S. McKelvey, T. F. Naesje, Ø. Skaala, G. W. Smith, H. Saegrov, N. C. Stenseth, and L. A. Vøllestad. 2014. Basin-scale phenology and effects of climate variability on global timing of initial seaward migration of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar). Global Change Biology 20:61–75.
  • Plantalech Manel-la, N., E. B. Thorstad, J. G. Davidsen, F. Økland, R. Siverstgård, R. S. Mckinley, and B. Finstad. 2009. Vertical movements of Atlantic Salmon post-smolts relative to measures of salinity and water temperature during the first phase of the marine migration. Fisheries Management and Ecology 16:147–154.
  • R Core Team. 2017. R: a language and environment for statistical computing, version 3.4.0. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna.
  • Renkawitz, M. D., T. F. Sheehan, and G. S. Goulette. 2012. Swimming depth, behavior, and survival of Atlantic Salmon postsmolts in Penobscot Bay, Maine. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 141:1219–1229.
  • Satterthwaite, W. H., S. M. Carlson, S. D. Allen-Moran, S. Vicenzi, S. J. Bograd, and B. K. Wells. 2014. Match–mismatch dynamics and the relationship between ocean-entry timing and relative ocean recoveries of Central Valley fall run Chinook Salmon. Marine Ecology Progress Series 511:237–248.
  • Saunders, R., M. A. Hachey, and C. W. Fay. 2006. Maine’s diadromous fish community: past, present and implications for Atlantic Salmon recovery. Fisheries 31:537–547.
  • Sigholt, T., and B. Finstad. 1990. Effect of low temperature on seawater tolerance in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) smolts. Aquaculture 84:167–172.
  • Spencer, R. C., J. Zydlewski, and G. Zydlewski. 2010. Migratory urge and gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity of hatchery-reared Atlantic Salmon smolts from the Dennys and Penobscot River stocks, Maine. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 139:947–956.
  • Staurnes, M., T. Sigholt, T. Asgard, and G. Baeverfjord. 2001. Effects of a temperature shift on seawater challenge test performance in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) smolts. Aquaculture 201:153–159.
  • Stich, D. S., J. F. Kocik, G. B. Zydlewski, and J. D. Zydlewski. 2015a. Linking behavior, physiology, and survival of Atlantic Salmon smolts during estuary migration. Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science [online serial] 7:68–86.
  • Stich, D. S., G. B. Zydlewski, and J. D. Zydlewski. 2015b. Physiological preparedness and performance of Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar smolts in relation to behavioural salinity preferences and thresholds. Journal of Fish Biology 88:595–617.
  • Thorstad, E. B., F. Whoriskey, I. Uglem, A. Moore, A. H. Rikardsen, and B. Finstad. 2012. A critical life stage of the Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar: behaviour and survival during the smolt and initial post-smolt migration. Journal of Fish Biology 81:500–542.
  • USASAC (U.S. Atlantic Salmon Assessment Committee). 2001. Annual report of the U.S. Atlantic Salmon Assessment Committee 13: 2000 activities. USASAC, Nashua, New Hampshire.
  • USASAC (U.S. Atlantic Salmon Assessment Committee). 2008. Annual report of the U.S Atlantic Salmon Assessment Committee 20: 2007 activities. USASAC, Portland, Maine.
  • USASAC (U.S. Atlantic Salmon Assessment Committee). 2017. Annual report of the U.S. Atlantic Salmon Assessment Committee 29: 2016 activities. USASAC, Portland, Maine.
  • USFWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) and NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). 2009. Endangered and threatened species; determination of endangered status for the Gulf of Maine distinct population segment of Atlantic Salmon. 74:117( 19 June 2009):29344–29387.
  • White, G. C., and K. P. Burnham. 1999. Program MARK: survival estimation from populations of marked animals. Bird Study 46:120–139.
  • Zydlewski, G. B., A. Haro, and S. D. McCormick. 2005. Evidence for cumulative temperature as an initiating and terminating factor in downstream migratory behavior of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) smolts. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62:68–78.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.