The role of immunohistochemistry in the differential diagnosis of breast lesions

References

• MacGrogen G, Monifar F, Raju U. Intraductal papillary neoplasms. Tumours of the Breast and Female Genital Organs, F A Tavassoli, P Devilee. IARC Press, Lyon 2003; 76–80
   Google Scholar
• Mulligan A, O'Malley F P. Papillary lesions of the breast. A review. Adv Anat Pathol 2007; 14: 108–119
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins L C, Schnitt S J. Papillry lesions of the breast. Selected diagnostic and management issues. Histopathology 2008; 52: 20–29
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oyama T, Koener F C. Noninvasive papillary proliferations. Semin Diagn Pathol 2004; 21: 32–41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tamai M. Intraductal growth of malignant mammary myoepithelioma. Am J Surg Pathol 1992; 16: 1116–1125
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moriya T, Kasajima A, Ishida K, et al. New trends of immunohistochemistry for making differential diagnosis of breast lesions. Med Mol Morphol 2006; 39: 8–13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Troxell M L, Masek M, Sibley R K. Immunohistochemical staining of papillary lesions. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2007; 15: 145–153
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Collins L C, Carlo V P, Hwang H, et al. Intracystic papillary carcinomas of the breast. A reevaluation using a panel of myoepithelial cell markers. Am J Surg Pathol 2006; 30: 1002–1007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ichihara S, Fijimoto T, Hashimoto K, et al. Double immunostaining with p63and high-molecular-weight cytokeratins distinguishes borderline papillary lesion of the breast. Pathol Int 2007; 57: 126–132
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang X, Mori I, Tang W, et al. p63 expression in normal, hyperplastic and malignant breast tissues. Breast Cancer 2002; 9: 216–219
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bhargava R, Dabbs D J. Use of immunohistochemistry in diagnosis of breast epithelial lesions. Adv Anat Pathol 2007; 14: 93–107
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tse G M, Tan P H, Lui P C, et al. The role of immunohistochemistry for smooth muscle actin, p63, CD10 and cytokeratin 14 in the differential diagnosis of the breast. J Clin Pathol 2007; 60: 315–320
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reis-Filho J S, Steele D, Di Palma S, et al. Distribution and significance of nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR/p75NTR) in normal, benign and malignant breast tissue. Mod Pathol 2006; 19: 307–319
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hasegawa M, Hagiwara S, Sato T, et al. CD109, a new marker for myoepithelial cells of mammary, salivary, and lacrimal glands and prostate basal cells. Pathol Int 2007; 57: 245–250
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tse G M, Tan P H, Chaiwun B, et al. p63 is useful in the diagnosis of mammary metaplastic carcinomas. Pathology 2006; 38: 16–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koker M M, Kleer C G. p63 expression in breast cancer: a highly sensitive and specific marker of metaplastic carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol 2004; 28: 1506–1512
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill C B, Yeh I T. Myoepithelial cell staining patterns of papillary breast lesions. From intraductal papillomas to invasive papillary carcinomas. Am J Clin Pathol 2005; 123: 36–44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicolas M M, Wu Y, Middleton L P, et al. Loss of myoepithelium is variable in solid papillary carcinoma of the breast. Histopathology 2007; 51: 657–665
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ichihara S, Koshikawa T, Nakamura S, et al. Epithelial hyperplasia of usual type express both S100-alpha and S100-beta in a heterogeneous pattern but ductal carcinoma in situ can express only S-100-alpha in a monotonous pattern. Histopathology 1997; 30: 533–541
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdel-Fatah T MA, Powe D G, Nodi Z, et al. Morphological and molecular evolutionary pathways of low nuclear grade invasive cancers and their putative precursor lesions. Future evidence to support the concept of low nuclear grade breast neoplasia family. Am J Surg Pathol 2008; 32: 513–523
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bocker W, Burger H, Buchwalow I B, et al. CK5-positive cells are precursor cells of glandular and myoepithelial cell lineages in the human breast epithelium. A new cell concept as a basis for a better understanding of proliferative breast disease?. Verh Dtsch Ges Pathol 2005; 89: 45–47
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Korsching E, Jeffrey S S, Meinerz W, et al. Basal carcinoma of the breast revisited: an old entity with new interpretations. J Clin Pathol 2008; 61: 553–560
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Livasy C A, Perou C M, Karaca G, et al. Identification of a basal-like subtype of breast ductal carcinoma in situ. Hum Pathol 2007; 38: 197–204
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bocker W, Burger H, Buchwalow I B, et al. Ck5-positive cells are precursor cells of glandular and myoepithelial cell lineages in the human breast epithelium. A new cell concept as a basis for better understanding of proliferative breast disease?. Verh Dtsch Ges Pathol 2005; 89: 45–47
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tan P H, Yuan M, Yip G, et al. Cytokeratins in papillary lesions of the breast. Is there a role in distinguishing intraductal papilloma from papillary ductal carcinoma in situ?. Am J Surg Pathol 2005; 29: 625–632
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tse G M, Tan P H, Ma T F, et al. CD44s useful in the differentiation of benign and malignant papillary lesions of the breast. J Clin Pathol 2005; 58: 1185–1188
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maluf H M, Koerner F C. Solid papillary carcinoma of the breast. A form of intraductal carcinoma with endocrine differentiation frequently associated with mucinous carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol 1995; 19: 1237–1244
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nassar H, Qureshi H, Volkanadsay N, et al. Clinicopathologic analysis of solid papillary carcinoma of the breast and associated invasive carcinomas. Am J Surg Pathol 2006; 30: 501–507
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawasaki T, Nakamura S, Sakamoto G, et al. Neuroendocrine ductal carcinoma in situ (NE-DCIS) of the breast. Comparative clinicopathological study of 20 NE-DCIS cases and 274 non-NE-DCIS cases. Histopathology 2008; 53: 288–298
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moritani S, Ichihara S, Kushima R, et al. Myoepithelial cells in solid variant of intraductal papillary carcinoma of the breast. A potential diagnostic pitfall and a proposal of an immunohistochemical panel in the diagnosis with intraductal papilloma with usual ductal hyperplasia. Virchows Arch 2007; 450: 539–547
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Otsuki Y, Yamada M, Shimizu S, et al. Solid-papillary carcinoma of the breast. Clinicopathological study of 20 cases. Pathol Int 2007; 57: 421–429
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Honma N, Takubo K, Arai T, et al. Comparative study of monoclonal antibody B72.3 and gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 as markers of apocrine carcinoma of the breast. APMIS 2006; 114: 712–719
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moriya T, Sakamoto K, Sasano H, et al. Immunohistochemical analysis of ki-67, p53, p21, and p27 in benign and malignant apocrine lesions of the breast. Its correlation to histologic findings in 43 cases. Mod Pathol 2000; 13: 13–18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palacios J, Sarrio D, Garcia-Macias M C, et al. Frequent E-cadherin gene inactivation by loss of heterozygosity in pleomorphic lobular carcinoma of the breast. Mod Pathol 2003; 16: 674–678
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tursashvili G, Bouchal J, Ehrmann J, et al. Novel immunohistochemical markers for the differentiation of lobular and ductal invasive breast carcinomas. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2007; 151: 89–64
   Google Scholar
• Quensi H S, Linden M D, Divine G, et al. E-cadherin status in breast cancer correlates with histologic type but does not correlate with established prognostic parameters. Am J Clin Pathol 2006; 125: 377–385
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reis-Filho J S, Simpson P T, Jones C, et al. Pleomorphic lobular carcinoma of the breast. Role of comprehensive molecular pathology in characterization of an entity. J Pathol 2005; 207: 1–17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maluf H M. Differential diagnosis of solid carcinoma in situ. Semin Diagn Pathol 2004; 21: 25–31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva L D, Parry S, Reid L, et al. Aberrant expression of E-cadherin in lobular carcinomas of the breast. Am J Surg Pathol 2008; 32: 773–783
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mastracci T L, Tjan S, Bane A L, et al. E-cadherin alterations in atypical lobular hyperplasia and lobular carcinoma in situ of the breast. Mod Pathol 2005; 18: 741–751
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldstain N S, Kestin L L, Vicini F A. Clinicopathologic implications of E-cadherin reactivity in patients with lobular carcinoma in situ of the breast. Cancer 2001; 92: 738–747
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wheeler D T, Tai L H, Bratthauer G L, et al. Tubulolobular carcinoma of the breast. An analysis of 27 cases of a tumor with a hybrid morphology and immunoprofile. Am J Surg Pathol 2004; 28: 1587–1593
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esposito N N, Chivukula M, Dabbs D J. The ductal phenotypic expression of the E-cadherin/catenin complex in tubulolobular carcinoma of the breast. An immunohistochemical and clinicopathologic study. Mod Pathol 2007; 20: 130–138
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bratthauer G L, Moinfar F, Stamatakos M D, et al. Combined E-cadherin and high molecular weight cytokeratin immunoprofile differentiates lobular, ductal, and hybrid mammary intraepithelial neoplasias. Hum Pathol 2002; 33: 620–627
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lacroix-Triki M, Mery E, Voigt J J, et al. Value of cytokeratin 5/6 immunostaining using D5/16 B4 antibody in the spectrum of proliferative intraepithelial lesions of the breast. A comparative study with 34betaE12 antibody. Virchows Arch 2003; 442: 548–554
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fadare O, Wang S A, Hileeto D. The expression of cytokeratin 5/6 in invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast. Evidence of a basal-like subset?. Hum Pathol 2008; 39: 331–336
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehr H A, Folpe A, Yazji H, et al. Cytokeratin 8 immunostaining pattern and E-cadherin expression distinguish lobular from ductal breast carcinoma. Am J Clin Pathol 2000; 114: 190–196
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee A H. Recent developments in the histological diagnosis of spindle cell carcinoma, fibromatosis and phyllodes tumour of the breast. Histopathology 2008; 52: 45–57
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunne B, Lee A H, Pinder S E, et al. An immunohistochemical study of metaplastic spindle cell carcinoma, phyllodes tumor and fibromatosis of the breast. Hum Pathol 2003; 34: 1009–1015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdel-Fatah T A, Powe D G, Hodi Z, et al. Morphologic and molecular evolutionary pathways of low nuclear grade invasive breast cancers and their putative precursor lesions. Further evidence to support the concept of low nuclear grade breast neoplasia family. Am J Surg Pathol 2008; 32: 513–523
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tan P H, Jayabaskar T, Yip G, et al. p53 and c-kit(CD117) protein expression as prognostic indicators in breast phyllodes tumors. A tissue microarray study. Mod Pathol 2005; 18: 1537–1534
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esposito M N, Mohan D, Brufsky A, et al. Phyllodes tumor. A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 30 cases. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2006; 130: 1516–1521
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tse G M, Tan P H. Recent advances in the pathology of fibroepithelial tumours of the breast. Curr Diagn Pathol 2005; 11: 426–434
   Google Scholar
• Djordjevic B, Hanna W M. Expression of c-kit in fibroepithelial lesion of the breast is a mast cell phenomenon. Mod Pathol 2008; 21: 1238–1245
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tse G M, Putti T C, Kung F Y, et al. Increased p53 protein expression in malignant mammary phyllodes tumors. Mod Pathol 2002; 15: 734–740
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sawyer E J, Hanby A M, Poulsom R, et al. Beta-catenin abnormalities and associated insulin-like growth factor overexpression are important in phyllodes tumors and fibroadenomas of the breast. J Pathol 2003; 200: 627–632
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De La Cruz C, Moriya T, Endoh M, et al. Invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast. Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study. Pathol Int 2004; 54: 90–96
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nassar H, Pansare V, Zhang H, et al. Pathogenesis of invasive micropapillary carcinoma. Role of MUC1 glycoprotein. Mod Pathol 2004; 17: 1045–1050
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park S Y, Kim B H, Kim J H, et al. Panels of immunohistochemical markers help determine primary sites of metastatic adenocarcinoma. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2007; 131: 1561–1567
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar