An emerging view of vitamin D

References

• Holick M. F., Frommer J. E., McNeill S. C., Richtand N. M., Henley J. W., Potts J. T., Jr. Photometabolism of 7-dehydrocholesterol to previtamin D3 in skin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1977; 76: 107–14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraser D. R., Kodicek E. Unique biosynthesis by the kidney of a biologically active vitamin D metabolite. Nature (London) 1970; 228: 764–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daiger S. P., Schanfield M. S., Cavalli-Sforza L. L. Group-specific component (Gc) proteins bind vitamin D and 25-hydroxy-vitamin D. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1975; 72: 2076–80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madhok T. C., DeLuca H. F. Characteristics of the rat liver microsomal enzyme system converting cholecalciferol into 25-hydroxycholecalciferol—evidence for the participation of cytochrome P-450. Biochem J 1979; 184: 491–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoon P. S., DeLuca H. F. Purification and properties of chick renal mitochondrial ferredoxin. Biochemistry 1980; 19: 2165–71
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Suda T., DeLuca H. F., Schnoes H. K., Ponchon G., Tanaka Y., Holick M. F. 21,25 Dihydroxy-cholecalciferol. A metabolite of vitamin D3 preferentially active on bone. Biochemistry 1970; 9: 2917–22
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Suda T., DeLuca H. F., Schnoes H. K., Tanaka Y., Holick M. F. 25,26-Dihydroxycholecalciferol: a metabolite of vitamin D3 with intestinal calcium transport activity. Biochemistry 1970; 9: 4776–80
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Horst R. L., Wovkulich P. M., Baggiolini E. G., Uskokovic M. R., Engstrom G. W., Napoli J. L. (23S)-1,23,25-Trihydroxyvitamin D3: its biological activity and role in 1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 26,23-lactone biosynthesis. Biochemistry 1984; 23: 3973–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harnden D., Kumar R., Holick M. F., DeLuca H. F. Side chain metabolism of 25-hydroxy-(26,27–14C)vitamin D3 in vivo. Science 1976; 193: 493–4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Härkönen M., Adlercreutz H., Dabek J. T., O'Riordan J. HL. In vitro oxidation of vitamin D metabolites by steroid dehydrogenases. J Steroid Biochem 1979; 11: 1205–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Boyle I. T., Gray R. W., DeLuca H. F. Regulation by calcium of in vivo synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and 21,25-dihydroxy-cholecalciferol. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1971; 68: 2131–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicolaysen R., Eeg-Larsen N., Malm O. J. Physiology of calcium. Physiol Rev 1953; 33: 424–44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brumbaugh P. F., Haussler M. R. Nuclear and cytoplasmic receptors for 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in intestinal mucosa. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1973; 51: 74–80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haussler M. R., Myrtle J. F., Norman A. W. The association of a metabolite of vitamin D3 with intestinal mucosa chromatin in vivo. J Biol Chem 1968; 243: 4055–64
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lawson D. EM, Wilson P. W., Kodicek E. Metabolism of vitamin D. A new cholecalciferol metabolite, involving loss of hydrogen at C-1, in chick intestinal nuclei. Biochem J 1969; 115: 269–77
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Emtage J. S., Lawson D. EM, Kodicek E. Vitamin D-induced synthesis of RNA for calcium-binding protein. Nature 1973; 246: 100–1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drescher D., DeLuca H. F. Possible precursor of vitamin D stimulated calcium binding protein in rats. Biochemistry 1971; 10: 2308–12
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Garabedian M., Tanaka Y. M., Holick M. F., DeLuca H. F. Response of intestinal calcium transport and bone calcium mobilization to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in thyroparathyroidectomized rats. Endocrinology 1974; 94: 1022–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlsson A. Tracer experiments on the effect of vitamin D on the skeletal metabolism of calcium and phosphorus. Acta Physiol Scand 1952; 26: 212–20
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Boivin G., Mesguich P., Pike W., Bullion R., Meunie P. J., Haussler M. R., Dubois P. M., Morel G. Ultrastructural immunocytochemical localization of endogenous 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and its receptors in osteoblasts and osteocytes from neonatal mouse and rat calvaria. Bone Miner 1987; 3: 125–36
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Clemens T. L., Garrett K. P., Zhou X-Y, Pike J. W., Haussler M. R., Dempster D. W. Immunocytochemical localization of the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor in target cells. Endocrinology 1988; 122: 1224–30
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McSheehy P. MJ, Chambers T. J. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 stimulates rat osteoblastic cells to release a soluble factor that increases osteoclastic bone resorption. J Clin Invest 1987; 80: 425–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stumpf W. E., Sar M., DeLuca H. E. Sites of action of 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 identified by thaw-mount autoradiograhpy. Hormonal control of calcium metabolism, D. V. Conn, R. V. Talmage, J. L. Matthews. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, 222–9
   Google Scholar
• Russell J., Lettieri D., Sherwood L. M. Suppression by 1,25(OH)2D3 of transcription of the pre-proparathyroid hormone gene. Endocrinology 1986; 119: 2864–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chertow B. S., Sivits W. I., Baranetsky N. G., Cordle M. B., DeLuca H. F. Islet cell insulin release and net calcium retention in vitro in vitamin D-deficient rats. Diabetes 1986; 35: 771–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hosomi J., Hosoi J., Abe E., Suda T., Kuroki T. Regulation of terminal differentiation of cultured mouse epidermal cells by l-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Endocrinology 1983; 113: 1950–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morimoto S., Yoshikawa K., Kozuka T., et al. Treatment of psoriasis vulgaris by oral administration of 1-alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3—open-design study. Calcif Tissue Int 1986; 39: 209–12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bligh E. G., Dyer W. J. A rapid method of total lipid extraction an purification. Can J Biochem Physiol 1959; 8: 929–37
   Google Scholar
• Dabek J. T. Plasma profile of hydroxylated vitamin D metabolites: Methods and results in normals for spring-winter in southern Finland. Ann Clin Res 1980; 12: 17–24
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Taylor G., Peacock M., Pelc B., Brown W., Holmes A. Purification of plasma vitamin D metabolites for radioimmunoassay. Clin Chim Acta 1980; 108: 239–46
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dabek J. T., Härkönen M., Wahlroos O., Adlercreutz H. Assay for plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 by “high-performance” liquid chromatography. Clin Chem 1981; 27: 1346–51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhodes C. J., Claridge P. A., Trafford D. JH, Makin H. LJ. An evaluation of the use of Sep-Pak C18 cartridges for the extraction of vitamin D3 and some of its metabolites from plasma and urine. J Steroid Biochem 1983; 19: 1349–54
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dabek J. T., Härkönen M., Adlercreutz H. A sensitive and simplified receptor assay for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1981; 41: 151–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shepard R. M., Horst R. L., Hamstra A. J., DeLuca H. F. Determination of vitamin D metabolites in plasma from normal and anephric man. Biochem J 1979; 182: 55–69
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hollis B. W. Assay of circulating 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D involving a novel single-cartridge extraction and purification procedure. Clin Chem 1986; 32: 2060–3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adams J. S., Clemens T. L., Holick M. F. Sep-Pak preparative chromotography for vitamin D and its metabolites. J Chromat 1981; 226: 198–201
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jones G. Ternary solvent mixture for improved resolution of hydroxylated metabolites of vitamin Ü2 and vitamin D3 during high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromat 1980; 221: 27–37
   Google Scholar
• Hollis B. W., Pittard W. B. Evaluation of the total fetomaternal vitamin D relationships at term: Evidence for racial differences. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1984; 59: 652–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asknes L. Quantitation of the main metabolites of vitamin D in a single serum sample. II. Determination by UV-absorption and competitive protein binding assays. Clin Chim Acta 1980; 104: 147–59
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dabek J. T., Härkönen M., Adlercreutz H. Application of the law of mass action to design and performance of receptor assays for 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1981; 41: 543–50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belsey R., DeLuca H. F., Potts J. T. Competitive binding assay for vitamin D and 25-OH vitamin D. J Clin Endocrol Metab 1971; 33: 554–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hollis B. W. Comparison of equilibrium and disequilibrium assay conditions for ergocalciferol, cholecalciferol and their major metabolites. J Steroid Biochem 1984; 21: 81–6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fraher L. J., Adami S., Clemens T. L., Jones G., O'Riordan J. LH. Radioimmunoassay of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D: studies on the metabolism of vitamin D2 in man. Clin Endocrinol 1983; 19: 151–65
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hummer L., Christiansen C. A sensitive and selective radioimmunoassay for serum 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in man. Clin Endocrinol 1984; 21: 71–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamamoto I., Matsuura E. Monoclonal antibody for calcitriol (lalpha-24 dihydroxyvitamin D3). J Biochem 1985; 98: 991–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Holmberg I., Kristiansen T., Sturen M. Determination of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in serum by highperformance liquid chromatography and isotope dilution mass spectrometry. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1984; 44: 275–82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Björkhem I., Holmberg I., Kristiansen T., Pedersen J. I. Assay of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D by isotope dilution mass spectrometry. Clin Chem 1979; 25: 584–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dabek J. T. Studies in calcium and nitrogen metabolism using in-vivo neutron activation analysis. University of Birmingham, BirminghamEngland 1977, Dissertation
   Google Scholar
• Mawer E. B., Backhouse J., Taylor C. M., Lumb G. A., Stanbury S. W. Failure of formation of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in chronic renal insufficiency. Lancet 1973; i: 626–8
   Google Scholar
• Lund B., Clausen E., Friedberg M., Lund B., Moszkowicz S. P., Nielsen S. P., Sørensen O. H. Serum 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in anephric haemodialyzed and kidney-transplanted patients—Effect of vitamin D3 supplements. Nephron 1980; 25: 30–3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dabek J. T., Robinson B. HB, James H., Vartsky D., Thomas B. J., Fremlin J. H. Whole body calcium changes in the course of renal failure, measured by in-vivo neutron activation analysis. Proceedings of the 12th Gasteiner International Symposium on Radioactive Isotopes in Clinical Medicine and Research, Rudolf von Höfer. H Egermann, Vienna 1976; vol 1
   Google Scholar
• Teitelbaum S. L., Bone J. M., Stein P. M., et al. Calcidiol in chronic renal insufficiency. JAMA 1976; 235: 164–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dabek J. T., Robinson B. HB, Naik R. B., Al-Hiti K. Spinal calcium changes with 1-alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3. Clin Endocrinol 1977; 7(suppl)147–50s
   Google Scholar
• Naik R. B., Gosling P., et al. Whole-body in-vivo neutron activation analysis in assessing treatment of renal osteodystrophy with 1-alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol. Br Med J 1976; 2: 79–83
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Naik R. B., Gosling P., Price C. P., et al. Whole-body in-vivo neutron activation analysis in assessing treatment of renal osteodystrophy with 1-alphahydroxycholecalciferol. Br Med J 1976; 2: 79–83
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kodicek E. Metabolic studies on vitamin D. Ciba Foundation symposium on bone structure and metabolism, G. WE Wolstenholme, C. M. O'Connor. Little, Brown, Boston, 161–74
   Google Scholar
• Fraser D., Kooh S. W., Kind H. P., Holick M. F., Tanaka Y., DeLuca H. E. Pathogenesis of hereditary vitamin D dependent rickets: an inborn error of vitamin D metabolism involving defective conversion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D to lalpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. N Engl J Med 1973; 289: 817–22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eil C., Liberman U. A., Marx S. J. The molecular basis for resistance to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-studies in cells cultured form patients with hereditary hypocalcemic 1,25(OH)2D3-resistant rickets. Adv Exp Med Biol 1986; 196: 407–22
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bell N. H., Hamstra A. J., DeLuca H. F. Vitamin D-dependent rickets type II: resistance of target organs to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. N Engl J Med 1978; 298: 996–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rosen J. F., Fleischman A. R., Finberg L., Hamstra A., DeLuca H. F. Rickets with alopecia: an inborn error of Vitamin D metabolism. J Pediatr 1979; 94: 729–35
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Glorieux F. H., Marie P. J., Pettifor J. M., Delvin E. E. Bone response to phosphate salts, ergocalciferol, and calcitriol in hypophosphatemic vitamin D-resistant rickets. N Engl J Med 1980; 303: 1023–31
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Barbour G. L., Coburn J. W., Slatopolsky E., Norman A. W., Horst R. L. Hypercalcemia in an anephric patient with sarcoidosis; evidence for extra-renal generation of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. N Engl J Med 1981; 305: 440–3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frampton R. J., Silva L. J., Eisman J. A., Findlay D. M., Moore G. E., Moseley J. M., Martin T. J. Presence of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptors in established human cancer cell lines in culture. Cancer Res 1982; 42: 1116–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frampton R. J., Omond S. A., Eisman J. A. Inhibition of human cancer cell growth by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 metabolites. Cancer Res 1983; 43: 4443–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eisman J. A., Silva L. J., Frampton R. J. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor and breast cancer. Aust NZ J Surg 1984; 54: 17–20
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tanaka H., Abe E., Miyaura C., Kuribayashi T., Konno K., Nishii Y., Suda T. 1α,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and a human myeloid leukemia cell line (HL60). The presence of a cytosol receptor and induction of differentiation. Biochem J 1982; 204: 713–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abe E., Miyaura C., Sakagami H., Pakeda M., Konno K., Yamazaki T., Yoshiki S., Suda T. Differentiation of mouse myeloid leukemia cells induced by 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1981; 78: 4990–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koeffler H. P., Amatruda T., Ikekawa N., Kobayashi Y., DeLuca H. F. Introduction of macrophage differentiation of human normal and leukemic myeloid stem cells by 1,25-dihydrovitamin D3 and its fluorinated analogues. Cancer Res 1984; 44: 5624–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeLuca H. F., Ostrem V. K. Analogues of the hormonal form of vitamin D and their possible use in leukemia. Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Nutrition Growth and Cancer, G. P. Tryfiates, K. N. Prasad. Alan R Liss, New York 1988; 41–55
   Google Scholar
• Tjellesen L., Christiansen C., Hummer L., Larsen N. E. Unchanged biochemical indices of bone turnover despite fluctuations in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D during the menstrual cycle. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1983; 102: 476–80
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dabek J. T., Ylikorkala O., Härkönen M., Adlercreutz H. Receptor assay of 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D and HPLC of other vitamin D metabolites in pregnancy and cord serum. Proceedings of the European Nuclear Medicine Congress, Helsinki: Nuclearmedizin. F K Schattauer Verlag, Stuttgart 1984; 777–80
   Google Scholar
• Lund B., Seines A. Plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels in pregnancy and lactation. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1979; 92: 330–35
   PubMedGoogle Scholar