Response of serum total renin to ramipril and metoprolol in hypertensive patients

REFERENCES

• Dzau VJ. Vascular renin-angiotensin system and vascular protection. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1993; 22 Suppl 5: 1–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hsueh WA, Baxter JD. Human prorenin [Review]. Hypertension 1991; 17: 469 — 79.
   Google Scholar
• Glorioso N, Troffa C, Tonolo G, Manunta P, Madeddu P, Melis MG, et al. Activation of human prorenin by lipidic constituents of the cell mem-brane. Am J Hypertens 1989; 2: 920 — 3.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Edalji R, Holzman TF, Gubbins EJ. Active prore-nin: evidence for the formation of a conformational variant of recombinant human prorenin. J Protein Chem 1991; 10: 403 — 6.
   Google Scholar
• Heinrikson RL, Hui J, Ziircher-Neely H, Poorman RA. A structural model to explain the partial cata-lytic activity of human prorenin. Am J Hypertens 1989; 2: 367 — 80.
   Google Scholar
• Higashimori K, Mizuno K, Nakajo S, Boehm FH, Marcotte PA, Egan DA, etal. Pure human inactive renin. Evidence that native inactive renin is prore-nin. J Biol Chem 1989; 264: 14662–7.
   Google Scholar
• Yamauchi T, Nagahama M, Watanabe T, Ishizuka Y, Hon i H, Murakami K. Site-directed mutagenesis of human prorenin. Substitution of three arginine residues in the propeptide with glutamine residues yields active prorenin. J Biochem 1990; 107: 27 — 31.
   Google Scholar
• Racz K, Pinet F, Gasc J.-M, Guyene T.-T, Corvol P. Coexpression of renin, angiotensinogen, and their messenger ribonucleic acids in adrenal tissues. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1992; 75: 730 — 7.
   Google Scholar
• Blankestijn PJ, Derkx FHM, Van Geelen JA, de Jong FH, Schalekamp MADH. Increase in plasma prorenin during the menstrual cycle of a bilaterally nephrectomized woman. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1990; 97: 1038 — 42.
   Google Scholar
• Shaw KJ, Do YS, Kjos S, Anderson PW, Shinagawa T, Dubeau L, Hsueh WA. Human decidua is a major source of prorenin. J Clin Invest 1989; 83: 2085–92.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohashi H, Matsunaga M, Kuwahara T, Pak CH, Kawai C. Production and release of inactive renin by human vascular smooth muscle cells. Clin Exp Hypertens 1985; A7: 1395–407.
   Google Scholar
• Atlas SA, Hesson TE, Sealey JE, Dharmgron-gartama B, Laragh JH, Ruddy MC, Aurell M. Characterization of inactive renin ("prorenin") from renin-secreting tumors of nonrenal origin. Similarity to inactive renin from kidney and normal plasma. J Clin Invest 1984; 73: 437 —47.
   Google Scholar
• Matinlauri I, Eskola JU, Aalto M, Koskinen P, Irjala K. Time-resolved immunofluorometric assay of total renin in plasma and follicular fluid. Clin Chem 1994; 1: 74–9.
   Google Scholar
• Danser AHJ, Van den Dorpel MA, Deinum J, Derkx FHM, Franken AAM, Peperkamp E, et al. Renin, prorenin, and immunoreactive renin in vitreous fluid from eyes with and without diabetic retinopathy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1989; 68: 160 — 7.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wallow IHL, Sramek SJ, Bindley CD, Darjatmoko SR, Gange SJ. Ocular renin angiotensin: EM immunocytochemical localization of prorenin. Curr Eye Res 1993; 12: 945 — 50.
   Google Scholar
• Franken AAM, Derkx FHM, Schalekamp MADH, Man in't Veld AJ, Hop WCJ, Van Rens EH, De Jong PTVM. Association of high plasma prorenin with diabetic retinopathy. J Hypertens 1988; 6 Suppl 4: 461 — 3.
   Google Scholar
• Franken AAM, Derkx FHM in't Veld AJ, Hop WCJ, Van Rens GH, Peperkamp E, et al. High plasma prorenin in diabetes mellitus and its corre-lation with some complications. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1990; 71: 1008— 15.
   Google Scholar
• Mäkimattila S, Summanen P, Matinlauri I, Mäntysaari M, Aalto M, Irjala K, Yki-Järvinen H. Serum total renin, an independent marker of the activity and severity of retinopathy in patients with IDDM. Br J Ophthalmol 1998; 82: 939 — 44.
   Google Scholar
• Toffelmire EB, Slater K, Corvol P, Menard J, Schambelan M. Response of plasma prorenin and active renin to chronic and acute alterations of renin secretion in normal humans. Studies using a direct immunoradiometric assay. J Clin Invest 1989; 83: 679–87.
   Google Scholar
• Vesalainen RK, Kantola IM, Airaksinen KEJ, Tahvanainen KUO, Kaila TJ. Vagal cardiac activity in essential hypertension: the effects of metoprolol and ramipril. Am J Hypertens 1998; 11(6 pt 1): 649 — 58.
   Google Scholar
• Matinlauri I, Rönnemaa T, Koskinen P, Aalto M, Viikari J, Irjala K. Elevated serum total renin is insensitive in detecting incipient diabetic nephropa-thy. Diabetes Care 1995; 18: 1357 — 61.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Johansen KB, Marstein S, Aas P. Automated method for the determination of angiotensin-con-verting enzyme. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1987; 47: 411 — 4.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jones B, Kenward MG. The 2 x 2 cross-over trial with continuous data. In: Jones B, Kenward MG, editors. Design and analysis of cross-over trials. London: Chapman and Hall, 1989: 17— 88.
   Google Scholar
• Sealey JE, Overlack A, Laragh JH, Stumpe KO, Atlas SA. Effect of captopril and aprotinin on inac-tive renin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1981; 53: 626 — 30.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Derkx FHM, Tan-Tjiong L, Wenting GJ, Boomsma F, Man in't Veld A, Schalekamp MADH. Asyn-chronous changes in prorenin and renin secretion after captopril in patients with renal artery steno-sis. Hypertension 1983; 5: 244 — 56.
   Google Scholar
• Derkx FHM, De Bruin RJA, Van Gool JMG, Van den Hoek M.-J, Beerendonk CCM, Rosmalen F, Haima P, Schalekamp MADH. Clinical validation of renin monoclonal antibody-based sandwich assays of renin and prorenin, and use of renin inhi-bitor to enhance prorenin immunoreactivity. Clin Chem 1996; 7: 1051 —63.
   Google Scholar
• Goldstone R, Horton R, Carlson EJ, Hsueh WA. Reciprocal changes in active and inactive renin after converting enzyme inhibition in normal man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1983; 56: 264 — 8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Marre M, Chatellier G, Leblanc H, Guyene TT, Menard J, Passa P. Prevention of diabetic nephro-pathy with enalapril in normotensive diabetics with microalbuminuria. Br Med J 1988; 297: 1092 — 5.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Crozier IG, Ikram H, Nicholls MG, Jans S. Acute hemodynamic, hormonal and electrolyte effects of ramipril in severe congestive heart failure. Am J Cardiol 1987; 59: 155D — 63D.
   Google Scholar
• Hackenthal E, Taugner R. Hormonal signals and intracellular messengers for renin secretion [Review]. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1986; 47: 1— 12.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wailer FR, Laragh JH, Vaughan ED Jr, Brunner HR, Gavras H, Baer L. Antihypertensive action of propranolol. Specific antirenin responses in high and normal renin forms of essential, renal, renovascular and malignant hypertension. Am J Cardiol 1973; 32: 511 — 22.
   Google Scholar