References
- Schoorl MN. Les ureides (carbamides) des sucres. Recl Trav Chim 1903; 22: 1
- Hofmann E. Ueber den Abbau von glucoseureid durch Bakterien. Biochem Zeitschr 1931; 243: 416–22
- Merry RJ, Smith RH, McAllan AB. Glycosyl ureides in ruminant nutrition. 2. In vivo studies on the metabolism of glycosyl ureides and their free component molecules. Br J Nutr 1982; 48: 287–304
- Heine WE, Berthold HK, Klein PD. A novel stable isotope breath test: 13-C labelled glycosyl ureides used as non-invasive markers of intestinal transit time. Am J Gastroenterol 1995; 90: 93–8
- Wutzke KD, Heine WE, Plath C, Leitzmann P, Radke M, Mohr C, et al. Evaluation of oro-caecal transit time: a comparison of the lactose-[13C, 15N]ureide 13CO2- and the lactulose H2-breath test in humans. Eur J Clin Nutr 1997; 51: 11–9
- Geypens B, Bennink R, Peeters M, Evenepoel P, Mortelmans L, Maes B, et al. Validation of the lactose-[13C]ureide breath test for determination of orocecal transit time by scintigraphy. J Nucl Med 1999; 40: 1451–5
- Ruemmele FM, Heine WE, Keller KM, Lentze MJ. Metabolism of glycosyl ureides by human intestinal brush border enzymes. Biochim Biophys Acta 1997; 1336: 275–80
- Mohr C, Heine WE, Wutzke KD. Clostridium innocuum: a glucoseureide-splitting inhabitant of the human intestinal tract. Biochim Biophys Acta 1999; 1472: 550–4
- Jackson AA, Bundy R, Hounslow A, Murphy JL, Wootton SA. Metabolism of lactose-[13C]ureide and lactose-[15N, 15N]ureide in normal adults consuming a diet marginally adequate in protein. Clin Sci 1999; 97: 547–55
- De Preter V, Geboes K, Verbrugghe K, De Vuyst L, Vanhoutte T, Huys T, et al. The in vivo use of the stable isotope labelled biomarkers lactose [15N]-ureide and [2H4]-tyrosine to assess the effects of pro- and prebiotics on the intestinal flora of healthy human volunteers. Br J Nutr 2004; 92: 439–46
- Morrison DJ, Dodson B, Preston T, Weaver LT. Rapid quality control analysis of 13C-enriched substrate synthesis by isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2001; 15: 1279–82
- Mayer P. Ueber Ureidoglukose. Biochem Zeitsch 1909; 17: 145–55
- Morrison DJ, Dodson B, Preston T, Weaver LT. Gastrointestinal handling of glycosyl [13C] ureides. Eur J Clin Nutr 2003; 57: 1017–24