New method of evaluating gastric mucosal blood flow by ultrasound

References

• Kitadai Y, Haruma K, Tokutomi T, Tanaka S, Sumii K, Carvalho M, et al. Significance of vessel count and vascular endothelial growth factor in human esophageal carcinomas. Clin Cancer Res 1998; 4: 2195–200
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takahashi Y, Cleary KR, Mai M, Kitadai Y, Bucana CD, Ellis LM. Significance of vessel count and vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor (KDR) in intestinal type gastric cancer. Clin Cancer Res 1996; 2: 1679–84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dobosz M, Mionskowska L, Dobrowolski S, Dymecki D, Makarewicz W, Hrabowska M, et al. Is nitric oxide and heparin treatment justified in inflammatory bowel disease? An experimental study. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1996; 56: 657–63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yano Y, Yao H, Aoyagi K, Kawakubo K, Nakamura S, Doi K, et al. Photochemically induced colonic ischaemic lesions: a new model of ischaemic colitis in rats. Gut 1997; 41: 354–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma L, Chow JY, Cho CH. Effects of cigarette smoking on gastric ulcer formation and healing: possible mechanisms of action. J Clin Gastroenterol 1998; 27 Suppl 1: S80–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kubba AK, Dallal H, Haydon GH, Hayes PC, Palmer KR. The effect of octreotide on gastroduodenal blood flow measured by laser Doppler flowmetry in rabbits and man. Am J Gastroenterol 1999; 94: 1077–82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iwao T, Toyonaga A, Ikegami M, Ono K, Sumino M, Sasaki M, et al. Gastric mucosal blood flow after smoking in healthy human beings assessed by laser Doppler flowmetry. Gastrointest Endosc 1993; 39: 400–3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panes J, Bordas JM, Pique JM, Bosch J, Garcia-Pagan JC, Feu F, et al. Increased gastric mucosal perfusion in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy. Gastroenterology 1992; 103: 1875–82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lunde OC, Kvernebo K, Larsen S. Evaluation of endoscopic laser Doppler flowmetry for measurement of human gastric blood flow. Methodologic aspects. Scand J Gastroenterol 1988; 23: 1072–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiel JW, Riedel GL, Shepherd AP. Autoregulation of canine gastric mucosal blood flow. Gastroenterology 1987; 93: 12–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tarnasky PR, Kovacs TO, Leung FW, Hirabayashi K, Jensen DM. Octreotide decreases canine gastric mucosal blood flow: a controlled assessment by endoscopic reflectance spectrophotometry. Gastrointest Endosc 1994; 40: 56–61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sato N, Kamada T, Shichiri M, Kawano S, Abe H, Hagihara B. Measurement of hemoperfusion and oxygen sufficiency in gastric mucosa in vivo. Evidence of mucosal hypoxia as the cause of hemorrhagic shock-induced gastric mucosal lesion in rats. Gastroenterology 1979; 76: 814–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soybel DI, Wan YL, Ashley SW, Yan ZY, Ordway FS, Cheung LY. Endoscopic measurements of canine colonic mucosal blood flow using hydrogen gas clearance. Gastroenterology 1987; 92: 1045–50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leung FW, Washington J, Kauffman GL, Jr, Guth PH. Endoscopic measurement of gastric corpus mucosal blood flow in conscious dogs. Dig Dis Sci 1986; 31: 625–30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wei K, Skyba DM, Firschke C, Jayaweera AR, Lindner JR, Kaul S. Interactions between microbubbles and ultrasound: in vitro and in vivo observations. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997; 29: 1081–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Puls R, Gebauer B, Hildebrandt B, Riess H, Herrmann M, Hosten N, et al. Intraperitoneal distribution of ultrasound contrast medium imaged with B-mode ultrasound and colour-stimulated acoustic emission imaging. Eur Radiol 2003; 13: 695–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hohmann J, Albrecht T, Hoffmann CW, Wolf KJ. Ultrasonographic detection of focal liver lesions: increased sensitivity and specificity with microbubble contrast agents. Eur J Radiol 2003; 46: 147–59
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harrer JU, Mayfrank L, Mull M, Klotzsch C. Second harmonic imaging: a new ultrasound technique to assess human brain tumour perfusion. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2003; 74: 333–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okanobu H, Hata J, Haruma K, Matsumura S, Yoshida S, Kitadai Y, et al. Preoperative assessment of gastric cancer vascularity by flash echo imaging. Scand J Gastroenterol 2002; 37: 608–12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshida S, Hata J, Haruma K, Kusunoki H, Sumii K, Kajiyama G. Evaluation of flash echo imaging of the canine gastrointestinal tract. J Ultrasound Med 2000; 19: 751–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stolte M, Panayiotou S, Schmitz J. Can NSAID/ASA-induced erosions of the gastric mucosa be identified at histology?. Pathol Res Pract 1999; 195: 137–42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Araya M, Terashima M, Takagane A, Abe K, Nishizawa S, Yonezawa H, et al. Microvessel count predicts metastasis and prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. J Surg Oncol 1997; 65: 232–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanigawa N, Amaya H, Matsumura M, Shimomatsuya T, Horiuchi T, Muraoka R, et al. Extent of tumor vascularization correlates with prognosis and hematogenous metastasis in gastric carcinomas. Cancer Res 1996; 56: 2671–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maeda K, Chung YS, Takatsuka S, Ogawa Y, Onoda N, Sawada T, et al. Tumor angiogenesis and tumour cell proliferation as prognostic indicators in gastric carcinoma. Br J Cancer 1995; 72: 319–23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burns PN. Harmonic imaging with ultrasound contrast agents. Clin Radiol 1996; 51 Suppl 1: 50–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forsberg F, Goldberg BB, Liu JB, Merton DA, Rawool NM. On the feasibility of real-time, in vivo harmonic imaging with proteinaceous microspheres. J Ultrasound Med 1996; 15: 853–60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clarke DL, Thomson SR. Attenuated gastric mucosal blood flow predicts non-healing of benign gastric ulcers. Eur Surg Res 2002; 34: 432–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hocke M, Schulze E, Gottschalk P, Topalidis T, Dietrich CF. Contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound in discrimination between focal pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12: 246–50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nomura N, Goto H, Niwa Y, Arisawa T, Hirooka Y, Hayakawa T. Usefulness of contrast-enhanced EUS in the diagnosis of upper GI tract diseases. Gastointest Endosc 1999; 50: 555–60
   Google Scholar
• Sallomi DF. The use of contrast-enhanced power Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis and follow-up of inflammatory abdominal masses associated with Crohn's disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2003; 15: 249–51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kratzer W, Schmidt SA, Mittrach C, Haenle MM, Mason RA, Von Tirpitz C, et al. Contrast-enhanced wideband harmonic imaging ultrasound (SonoVue): a new technique for quantifying bowel wall vascularity in Crohn's disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 2005; 40: 985–91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar