143
Views
21
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Renal function and cognitive impairment in patients with liver cirrhosis

&
Pages 1238-1244 | Received 29 Jan 2007, Published online: 08 Jul 2009

References

  • Conn HB, J. Hepatic encephalopathy: syndromes and therapies. Bloomington, Ill: Medi-Ed Press; 1994.
  • Arguedas MR, DeLawrence TG, McGuire BM. Influence of hepatic encephalopathy on health-related quality of life in patients with cirrhosis. Dig Dis Sci 2003; 48: 1622–6
  • Bustamante J, Rimola A, Ventura PJ, Navasa M, Cirera I, Reggiardo V, et al. Prognostic significance of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis. J Hepatol 1999; 30: 890–5
  • Butterworth RF. Hepatic encephalopathy: a neuropsychiatric disorder involving multiple neurotransmitter systems. Curr Opin Neurol 2000; 13: 721–7
  • Weber FL, Jr, Veach GL. The importance of the small intestine in gut ammonium production in the fasting dog. Gastroenterology 1979; 77: 235–40
  • Lockwood AH, McDonald JM, Reiman RE, Gelbard AS, Laughlin JS, Duffy TE, et al. The dynamics of ammonia metabolism in man. Effects of liver disease and hyperammonemia. J Clin Invest 1979; 63: 449–60
  • Olde Damink SW, Jalan R, Redhead DN, Hayes PC, Deutz NE, Soeters PB. Interorgan ammonia and amino acid metabolism in metabolically stable patients with cirrhosis and a TIPSS. Hepatology 2002; 36: 1163–71
  • Pham PT, Pham PC, Rastogi A, Wilkinson AH. Review article: current management of renal dysfunction in the cirrhotic patient. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2005; 21: 949–61
  • Serra MA, Puchades MJ, Rodriguez F, Escudero A, del Olmo JA, Wassel AH, et al. Clinical value of increased serum creatinine concentration as predictor of short-term outcome in decompensated cirrhosis. Scand J Gastroenterol 2004; 39: 1149–53
  • Nair S, Verma S, Thuluvath PJ. Pretransplant renal function predicts survival in patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation. Hepatology 2002; 35: 1179–85
  • Meyers CM, Seeff LB, Stehman-Breen CO, Hoofnagle JH. Hepatitis C and renal disease: an update. Am J Kidney Dis 2003; 42: 631–57
  • Oster JR, Perez GO, Materson BJ, Schiff ER, Vaamonde CA. Exacerbation of hepatic encephalopathy by chronic renal failure: response to maintenance hemodialysis. Clin Nephrol 1978; 9: 254–7
  • Pimentel JL, Jr, Brusilow SW, Mitch WE. Unexpected encephalopathy in chronic renal failure: hyperammonemia complicating acute peritonitis. J Am Soc Nephrol 1994; 5: 1066–73
  • Tsimaratos M, Cloarec S, Roquelaure B, Retornaz K, Picon G, Chabrol B, et al. Chronic renal failure and portal hypertension – Is portosystemic shunt indicated?. Pediatr Nephrol 2000; 14: 856–8
  • Kamath PS, Wiesner RH, Malinchoc M, Kremers W, Therneau TM, Kosberg CL, et al. A model to predict survival in patients with end-stage liver disease. Hepatology 2001; 33: 464–70
  • Ferenci P, Lockwood A, Mullen K, Tarter R, Weissenborn K, Blei AT. Hepatic encephalopathy – definition, nomenclature, diagnosis, and quantification: final report of the working party at the 11th World Congresses of Gastroenterology, Vienna, 1998. Hepatology 2002; 35: 716–21
  • Weissenborn K, Ruckert N, Hecker H, Manns MP. The number connection tests A and B: interindividual variability and use for the assessment of early hepatic encephalopathy. J Hepatol 1998; 28: 646–53
  • Ganrot P, Grubb A, Stenflo J. Laurells Klinisk kemi i praktisk medicin7th edn. Studentlitteratur, Lund 1997
  • Riggio O, Angeloni S, Nicolao F, Ridola L, Salvatori F, Attili A, et al. Hepatic encephalopathy is more frequent and severe after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) with PTFE-covered stent-grafts. Hepatology 2006; 44 Suppl 1:232A: 117
  • Baccaro M, Guevara M, Torre A, Arcos E, Martin-Llahi M, Terra C, et al. Hyponatremia predisposes to hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis. Results of a prospective study with time-dependent analysis. Hepatology 2006; 44 Suppl 1:233A: 118
  • Dejong CH, Deutz NE, Soeters PB. Renal ammonia and glutamine metabolism during liver insufficiency-induced hyperammonemia in the rat. J Clin Invest 1993; 92: 2834–40
  • Dejong CH, Deutz NE, Soeters PB. Metabolic adaptation of the kidney to hyperammonemia during chronic liver insufficiency in the rat. Hepatology 1993; 18: 890–902
  • Olde Damink SW, Jalan R, Deutz NE, Redhead DN, Dejong CH, Hynd P, et al. The kidney plays a major role in the hyperammonemia seen after simulated or actual GI bleeding in patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology 2003; 37: 1277–85
  • Jalan R, Kapoor D. Enhanced renal ammonia excretion following volume expansion in patients with well compensated cirrhosis of the liver. Gut 2003; 52: 1041–5
  • Olde Damink SW, Dejong CH, Deutz NE, Redhead DN, Hayes PC, Soeters PB, et al. Kidney plays a major role in ammonia homeostasis after portasystemic shunting in patients with cirrhosis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2006; 291: G189–94
  • Conn HO. Effects of high-normal and low-normal serum potassium levels on hepatic encephalopathy: facts, half-facts or artifacts?. Hepatology 1994; 20: 1637–40
  • Zavagli G, Ricci G, Bader G, Mapelli G, Tomasi F, Maraschin B. The importance of the highest normokalemia in the treatment of early hepatic encephalopathy. Miner Electrolyte Metab 1993; 19: 362–7
  • Haussinger D. Low grade cerebral edema and the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis. Hepatology 2006; 43: 1187–90
  • Haussinger D, Laubenberger J, vom Dahl S, Ernst T, Bayer S, Langer M, et al. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies on human brain myo-inositol in hypo-osmolarity and hepatic encephalopathy. Gastroenterology 1994; 107: 1475–80
  • Restuccia T, Gomez-Anson B, Guevara M, Alessandria C, Torre A, Alayrach ME, et al. Effects of dilutional hyponatremia on brain organic osmolytes and water content in patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology 2004; 39: 1613–22
  • Angeli P, Wong F, Watson H, Gines P. Hyponatremia in cirrhosis: results of a patient population survey. Hepatology 2006; 44: 1535–42
  • Arroyo V, Rodes J, Gutierrez-Lizarraga MA, Revert L. Prognostic value of spontaneous hyponatremia in cirrhosis with ascites. Am J Dig Dis 1976; 21: 249–56
  • Gines P, Berl T, Bernardi M, Bichet DG, Hamon G, Jimenez W, et al. Hyponatremia in cirrhosis: from pathogenesis to treatment. Hepatology 1998; 28: 851–64
  • Edwin D, Flynn L, Klein A, Thuluvath PJ. Cognitive impairment in alcoholic and nonalcoholic cirrhotic patients. Hepatology 1999; 30: 1363–7
  • Collie A. Cognition in liver disease. Liver Int 2005; 25: 1–8
  • Richardson RA, Davidson HI, Hinds A, Cowan S, Rae P, Garden OJ. Influence of the metabolic sequelae of liver cirrhosis on nutritional intake. Am J Clin Nutr 1999; 69: 331–7
  • Montagnese S, Amodio P, Morgan MY. Methods for diagnosing hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis: a multidimensional approach. Metab Brain Dis 2004; 19: 281–312

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.