One-third of the Swedish male population over 50 years of age suffers from lower urinary tract symptoms

References

• Abrams P. New words for old: lower urinary tract symptoms for “prostatism”. Br Med J 1994; 308: 929–30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barry MJ, Cockett AT, Holtgrewe HL, McConnell JD, Sihelnik SA, Winfield HN. Relationship of symptoms of prostatism to commonly used physiological and anatomical measures of the severity of benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 1993; 150: 351–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verhamme KM, Dieleman JP, Bleumink GS, van der Lei J, Sturkenboom MC, Artibani W, et al. Incidence and prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia in primary care – the Triumph project. Eur Urol 2002; 42: 323–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kunelius P, Hakkinen J, Lukkarinen O. Sexual functions in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia before and after transurethral resection of the prostate. Urol Res 1998; 26: 7–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Leliefeld HH, Stoevelaar HJ, McDonnell J. Sexual function before and after various treatments for symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. BJU Int 2002; 89: 208–13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wasson JH, Reda DJ, Bruskewitz RC, Elinson J, Keller AM, Henderson WG. A comparison of transurethral surgery with watchful waiting for moderate symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group on Transurethral Resection of the Prostate. N Engl J Med 1995 Jan 12;332:75–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jolleys J, Donovan JL, Nachahal K, Peters TJ, Abrams P. Urinary symptoms in the community: how bothersome are they?. Br J Urol 1994; 74: 551–5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Barry MJ, Fowler FJ Jr, Bin L, Pitts JC III, Harris CJ, Mulley AG Jr. The natural history of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia as diagnosed by North American urologists. J Urol 1997;157:10–4; Discussion 4–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobsen SJ, Jacobson DJ, Girman CJ, Roberts RO, Rhodes T, Guess HA, et al. Natural history of prostatism: risk factors for acute urinary retention. J Urol 1997; 158: 481–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simpson RJ, Fisher W, Lee AJ, Russell EB, Garraway M. Benign prostatic hyperplasia in an unselected community-based population: a survey of urinary symptoms, bothersomeness and prostatic enlargement. Br J Urol 1996; 77: 186–91
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Donovan JL, Kay HE, Peters TJ, Abrams P, Coast J, Matos-Ferreira A, et al. Using the ICSOoL to measure the impact of lower urinary tract symptoms on quality of life: evidence from the ICS-“BPH” Study. International Continence Society–Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Br J Urol 1997; 80: 712–21
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Eckhardt MD, van Venrooij GE, van Melick HH, Boon TA. Prevalence and bothersomeness of lower urinary tract symptoms in benign prostatic hyperplasia and their impact on well-being. J Urol 2001; 166: 563–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haltbakk J, Hanestad BR, Hunskaar S. Diversity of urinary symptoms in patients tentatively diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia referred to a urologic clinic in Norway. Scand J Urol Nephrol 2004; 38: 454–61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobsen SJ, Girman CJ, Guess HA, Panser LA, Chute CG, Oesterling JE, et al. Natural history of prostatism: factors associated with discordance between frequency and bother of urinary symptoms. Urology 1993; 42: 663–71
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herzog AR, Fultz NH, Normolle DP, Brock BM, Diokno AC. Methods used to manage urinary incontinence by older adults in the community. J Am Geriatr Soc 1989; 37: 339–47
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peake S, Manderson L, Potts H. “Part and parcel of being a woman”: female urinary incontinence and constructions of control. Med Anthropol Q 1999; 13: 267–85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milsom I, Abrams P, Cardozo L, Roberts RG, Thuroff J, Wein AJ. How widespread are the symptoms of an overactive bladder and how are they managed? A population-based prevalence study. BJU Int 2001; 87: 760–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engstrom G, Walker-Engstrom ML, Henningsohn L, Loof L, Leppert J. Prevalence of distress and symptom severity from the lower urinary tract in men: a population-based study with the DAN-PSS questionnaire. Fam Pract 2004; 21: 617–22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engstrom G, Walker-Engstrom ML, Loof L, Leppert J. Prevalence of three lower urinary tract symptoms in men – a population-based study. Fam Pract 2003; 20: 7–10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Venrooij GE, van Melick HH, Eckhardt MD, Boon TA. Diagnostic and predictive value of voiding diary data versus prostate volume, maximal free urinary flow rate, and Abrams–Griffiths number in men with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 2008; 71: 469–74
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hernandez C, Estivill E, Prieto M, Badia X. Nocturia in Spanish patients with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH). Curr Med Res Opin 2008; 24: 1033–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seki N, Yunoki T, Tomoda T, Takei M, Yamaguchi A, Naito S. Association among the symptoms, quality of life and urodynamic parameters in patients with improved lower urinary tract symptoms following a transurethral resection of the prostate. Neurourol Urodyn 2008; 27: 222–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergdahl S, Aus G, Lodding P, Norlen L, Hugosson J. Transrectal ultrasound with separate measurement of the transition zone volume predicts the short-term outcome after transurethral resection of the prostate. Urology 1999; 53: 926–30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Witjes WP, de la Rosette JJ, Donovan JL, Peters TJ, Abrams P, Kay HE, et al. The International Continence Society “Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia” Study: international differences in lower urinary tract symptoms and related bother. J Urol 1997; 157: 1295–300
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarma AV, Wei JT, Jacobson DJ, Dunn RL, Roberts RO, Girman CJ, et al. Comparison of lower urinary tract symptom severity and associated bother between community-dwelling black and white men: the Olmsted County Study of Urinary Symptoms and Health Status and the Flint Men's Health Study. Urology 2003; 61: 1086–91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearson JD, Lei HH, Beaty TH, Wiley KE, Isaacs SD, Isaacs WB, et al. Familial aggregation of bothersome benign prostatic hyperplasia symptoms. Urology 2003; 61: 781–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts RO, Rhodes T, Panser LA, Girman CJ, Chute CG, Guess HA, et al. Association between family history of benign prostatic hyperplasia and urinary symptoms: results of a population-based study. Am J Epidemiol 1995; 142: 965–73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammarsten J, Hogstedt B. Clinical, anthropometric, metabolic and insulin profile of men with fast annual growth rates of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Blood Press 1999; 8: 29–36
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammarsten J, Hogstedt B. Hyperinsulinaemia as a risk factor for developing benign prostatic hyperplasia. Eur Urol 2001; 39: 151–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michel MC, Heemann U, Schumacher H, Mehlburger L, Goepel M. Association of hypertension with symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 2004; 172: 1390–3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammarsten J, Damber JE, Karlsson M, Knutson T, Ljunggren O, Ohlsson C, Peeker R, Smith U, Mellström D. Insulin and free oestradiol are independent risk factors for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2008. Epub ahead of print.
   Google Scholar