38
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Energy and exergy performance evaluation of a drying coffee beans system using a photovoltaic–direct solar dryer at different drying temperature conditions

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, &
Article: 2344548 | Received 30 Oct 2023, Accepted 11 Apr 2024, Published online: 26 Apr 2024

References

  • Ahmadi, A., Biplab Das, M. A. Ehyaei, F. Esmaeilion, M. El Haj Assad, D. H. Jamali, O. Koohshekan, et al. 2021. “Energy, Exergy, and Techno-Economic Performance Analyses of Solar Dryers for Agro Products: A Comprehensive Review.” Solar Energy 228: 349–373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2021.09.060.
  • Ahmadi, Mohadeseh, Hadi Samimi-Akhijahani, and Payman Salami. 2023. “Thermo-Economic and Drying Kinetic Analysis of Oleaster Using a Solar Dryer Integrated with Phase Change Materials and Recirculation System.” Journal of Energy Storage 68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2023.107351.
  • Ali, Sabhan Hamid, Omar Rafae Alomar, and Omar Mohammed Ali. 2021. “Energetic and Exegetic Performance Analysis of Flat Plate Solar Collector under Variables Heat Transfer Coefficient and Inlet Water Temperature.” Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 28: 101700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2021.101700.
  • Alomar, Omar Rafae, and Omar Mohammed Ali. 2021. “Energy and Exergy Analysis of Hybrid Photovoltaic Thermal Solar System under Climatic Condition of North Iraq.” Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 28: 101429. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2021.101429.
  • Arslan, Erhan, and Mustafa Aktaş. 2020. “4E Analysis of Infrared-Convective Dryer Powered Solar Photovoltaic Thermal Collector.” Solar Energy 208: 46–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2020.07.071.
  • Atalay, Halil, Nur Yavaş, and M. Turhan Çoban. 2022. “Sustainability and Performance Analysis of a Solar and Wind Energy Assisted Hybrid Dryer.” Renewable Energy 187: 1173–1183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2022.02.020.
  • Bai, Tingting, Quan Wan, Xiang Bao Liu, Rui Ke, Yating Xie, Tao Zhang, Min Huang, and Jinlian Zhang. 2023. “Drying Kinetics and Attributes of Fructus Aurantii Processed by Hot Air Thin-Layer Drying at Different Temperatures.” Heliyon 9 (5): e15554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15554.
  • BSN (Badan Standardisasi Nasional). 2008. “Biji Kopi No. 01-2907-2008.” Jakarta: BSN.
  • César, Erick, López Vidaña, César Munguía Ana Lilia, García Valladares Octavio, Salgado Sandoval Orlando, and Domínguez Niño Alfredo. 2021. “Energy and Exergy Analyses of a Mixed-Mode Solar Dryer of Pear Slices (Pyrus Communis L).” Energy 220: 119740. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.119740.
  • Chtioui, Salwa, and Ahmed Khouya. 2024. “Optimizing Solar Energy for Wood Drying under Various Climates: A Comparative Study of Flat Plate and Photovoltaic Thermal Solar Collectors.” Renewable Energy 221: 119691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2023.119691.
  • Damena, Obsuman, Lelise Tilahun, Chala G. Kuyu, Yetenayet Bekele, Tizazu Yirga, Tilahun A. Teka, and Demelash Hailu. 2022. “Design, Construction, and Testing of Passive Type Solar Tunnel for Maize Grain Disinfestations.” Heliyon 8 (1): e08739. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08739.
  • Deeto, S., S. Thepa, V. Monyakul, and R. Songprakorp. 2018. “The Experimental New Hybrid Solar Dryer and Hot Water Storage System of Thin Layer Coffee Bean Dehumidification.” Renewable Energy 115: 954–968. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2017.09.009.
  • Dhanushkodi, S., Vincent H. Wilson, and K. Sudhakar. 2017. “Mathematical Modeling of Drying Behavior of Cashew in a Solar Biomass Hybrid Dryer.” Resource-Efficient Technologies 3 (4): 359–364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reffit.2016.12.002.
  • Dharmadurai, P. Leon, S. Vasanthaseelan, R. Bharathwaaj, Vijayakumar Dharmaraj, K. Gnanasekaran, D. Balaji, and Ravishankar Sathyamurthy. 2021. “A Comparative Study on Solar Dryer Using External Reflector for Drying Grapes.” Materials Today: Proceedings, 50: 552–559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.11.197.
  • Dong, Wenjiang, Ke Cheng, Rongsuo Hu, Zhong Chu, Jianping Zhao, and Yuzhou Long. 2018. “Effect of Microwave Vacuum Drying on the Drying Characteristics, Color, Microstructure, and Antioxidant Activity of Green Coffee Beans.” Molecules 23 (5): 1146. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23051146.
  • Dong, Wenjiang, Rongsuo Hu, Zhong Chu, Jianping Zhao, and Lehe Tan. 2017. “Effect of Different Drying Techniques on Bioactive Components, Fatty Acid Composition, and Volatile Profile of Robusta Coffee Beans.” Food Chemistry 234: 121–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.04.156.
  • Dorouzi, Mahdiyeh, Hamid Mortezapour, Hamid Reza Akhavan, and Ahmad Ghazanfari Moghaddam. 2018. “Tomato Slices Drying in a Liquid Desiccant-Assisted Solar Dryer Coupled with a Photovoltaic-Thermal Regeneration System.” Solar Energy 162: 364–371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2018.01.025.
  • Du, Yuanjie, Jianchun Yan, Hai Wei, Huanxiong Xie, Yanghua Wu, and Jinge Zhou. 2023. “Drying Kinetics of Paddy Drying with Graphene Far-Infrared Drying Equipment at Different IR Temperatures, Radiations-Distances, Grain-Flow, and Dehumidifying-Velocities.” Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 43: 102780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2023.102780.
  • Dutta, Chandranath, Dhiraj Kumar Yadav, Vinkel Kumar Arora, and Santanu Malakar. 2023. “Drying Characteristics and Quality Analysis of Pre-Treated Turmeric (Curcuma Longa) Using Evacuated Tube Solar Dryer with and without Thermal Energy Storage.” Solar Energy 251: 392–403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2023.01.032.
  • Ennissioui, Jaouad, El Mahjoub Benghoulam, and Tarik El Rhafiki. 2023. “Experimental Study of a Natural Convection Indirect Solar Dryer.” Heliyon 9 (11): e21299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21299.
  • Eshetu, Elfinesh Firdissa, Kassaye Tolassa, Ali Mohammed, Gezahegn Berecha, and Weyessa Garedew. 2022. “Effect of Processing and Drying Methods on Biochemical Composition of Coffee (Coffea Arabica L.) Varieties in Jimma Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia.” Cogent Food and Agriculture 8 (1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2022.2121203.
  • Firdissa, Elfinesh, Ali Mohammed, Gezahegn Berecha, and Weyessa Garedew. 2022. “Coffee Drying and Processing Method Influence Quality of Arabica Coffee Varieties (Coffee Arabica L.) at Gomma I and Limmu Kossa, Southwest Ethiopia.” Journal of Food Quality 2022: 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9184374.
  • Fterich, Mohamed, Mamdouh Ibrahim Elamy, Ezzeddine Touti, and Hatem Bentaher. 2023. “Experimental and Numerical Study of Tomatoes Drying Kinetics Using Solar Dryer Equipped with PVT Air Collector.” Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal 47: 101524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2023.101524.
  • Gaikwad, Pratik S., C. K. Sunil, Aditi Negi, and Akash Pare. 2022. “Effect of Microwave Assisted Hot-Air Drying Temperatures on Drying Kinetics of Dried Black Gram Papad (Indian Snack Food): Drying Characteristics of Black Gram Papad.” Applied Food Research 2 (2): 100144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afres.2022.100144.
  • Ghasemi, Gholamhosein, Mehdi Moradi, Dariush Zare, Hossein Golbakhshi, and Moslem Namjoo. 2023. “Energy and Exergy-Based Threshold Setting for the Auxiliary Heating Source of a Hybrid Solar/IR Drying System.” Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 59: 103400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2023.103400.
  • Gilago, Mulatu C., Vishnuvardhan Reddy Mugi, and V. P. Chandramohan. 2022. “Investigation of Exergy-Energy and Environ-Economic Performance Parameters of Active Indirect Solar Dryer for Pineapple Drying without and with Energy Storage Unit.” Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 53: 102701. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2022.102701.
  • Goud, Mallikarjuna, Mugi Vishnu Vardhan Reddy, Chandramohan V.P., and Suresh S. 2019. “A Novel Indirect Solar Dryer with Inlet Fans Powered by Solar PV Panels: Drying Kinetics of Capsicum Annum and Abelmoschus Esculentus with Dryer Performance.” Solar Energy 194: 871–885. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2019.11.031.
  • Gupta, Ankur, Biplab Das, Agnimitra Biswas, and Jayanta Deb Mondol. 2023. “Assessment of Performance and Quality Parameters for Drying Neem Leaves in Photovoltaic-Thermal Solar Dryer.” Thermal Science and Engineering Progress 43: 101989. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsep.2023.101989.
  • Hada Masayu, I., K. Y. Pin, I. Mohd. Nordin, Z. Rabitah, and A. Mohd. Radzi. 2017. “Effects of Drying Temperature on Drying Kinetics and Eurycomanone Content of Eurycoma Longifolia Roots.” Food Research 1 (6): 270–275. https://doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.6.112.
  • Hadibi, Tarik, Abdelghani Boubekri, Djamel Mennouche, Abderrahmane Benhamza, Anil Kumar, Cheyma Bensaci, and Hong Wei Xiao. 2022. “Effect of Ventilated Solar-Geothermal Drying on 3E (Exergy, Energy, and Economic Analysis), and Quality Attributes of Tomato Paste.” Energy 243: 122764. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.122764.
  • Hadibi, Tarik, Djamel Mennouche, Abdelghani Boubekri, Samira Chouicha, Müslüm Arici, Wang Yunfeng, Li Ming, and Fan Fang-ling. 2023. “Drying Characteristic, Sustainability, and 4E (Energy, Exergy, and Enviro-Economic) Analysis of Dried Date Fruits Using Indirect Solar-Electric Dryer: An Experimental Investigation.” Renewable Energy 218: 119291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2023.119291.
  • Hamdi, Ilhem, Sameh Agrebi, Aymen ELkhadraoui, Ridha Chargui, and Sami Kooli. 2023. “Qualitative, Energy and Economic Analysis of Forced Convective Solar Drying of Tomatoes Slices.” Solar Energy 258: 244–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2023.04.021.
  • Hassan, Ali, Ali M. Nikbakht, Sabrina Fawzia, Prasad KDV Yarlagadda, and Azharul Karim. 2023. “Assessment of Thermal and Environmental Benchmarking of a Solar Dryer as a Pilot Zero-Emission Drying Technology.” Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 48: 103084. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2023.103084.
  • Hegde, Vinay Narayan, Viraj Shrikanth Hosur, Samyukthkumar K. Rathod, Puneet A. Harsoor, and K. Badari Narayana. 2015. “Design, Fabrication and Performance Evaluation of Solar Dryer for Banana.” Energy, Sustainability and Society 5 (1), https://doi.org/10.1186/s13705-015-0052-x.
  • Holman, J. P. 2011. Experimental Methods for Engineers. New York: McGraw-Hill Education.
  • Hossain, Mohammad Afzal, Pappu Dey, and Rahman Ishtiaque Joy. 2021. “Effect of Osmotic Pretreatment and Drying Temperature on Drying Kinetics, Antioxidant Activity, and Overall Quality of Taikor (Garcinia Pedunculata Roxb.) Slices.” Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 28 (12): 7269–7280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.038.
  • Hu, Dongsheng, Xiaogang Liu, Yuyue Qin, Jiatong Yan, Rongmei Li, and Qiliang Yang. 2023. “The Impact of Different Drying Methods on the Physical Properties, Bioactive Components, Antioxidant Capacity, Volatile Components and Industrial Application of Coffee Peel.” Food Chemistry: X 19: 100807. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100807.
  • Iamanaka, B. T., A. A. Teixeira, A. R. R. Teixeira, M. V. Copetti, N. Bragagnolo, and M. H. Taniwaki. 2014. “The Mycobiota of Coffee Beans and Its Influence on the Coffee Beverage.” Food Research International 62: 353–358. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2014.02.033.
  • Jahromi, Mohammad Saleh Barghi, Masoud Iranmanesh, and Hadi Samimi Akhijahani. 2022. “Thermo-Economic Analysis of Solar Drying of Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus Tuberosus L.) Integrated with Evacuated Tube Solar Collector and Phase Change Material.” Journal of Energy Storage 52: 104688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2022.104688.
  • Karami, Hamed, Mohammad Kaveh, Iman Golpour, Esmail Khalife, Robert Rusinek, Bohdan Dobrzański, and Marek Gancarz. 2021. “Thermodynamic Evaluation of the Forced Convective Hybrid-Solar Dryer during Drying Process of Rosemary (Rosmarinus Officinalis l.) Leaves.” Energies 14 (18): 5835. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14185835.
  • Khanlari, Ataollah, Adnan Sözen, Faraz Afshari, and Azim Doğuş Tuncer. 2021. “Energy-Exergy and Sustainability Analysis of a PV-Driven Quadruple-Flow Solar Drying System.” Renewable Energy 175: 1151–1166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.05.062.
  • Koli, Chandra Shekhar, M. K. Gaur, and Pushpendra Singh. 2022. “Energy and Exergy Assessment of a Novel Parabolic Hybrid Active Greenhouse Solar Dryer.” Solar Energy 245: 211–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2022.09.021.
  • Kuan, M., Ye Shakir, M. Mohanraj, Ye Belyayev, S. Jayaraj, and A. Kaltayev. 2019. “Numerical Simulation of a Heat Pump Assisted Solar Dryer for Continental Climates.” Renewable Energy 143: 214–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.04.119.
  • Lamrani, Bilal, Ahmed Khouya, and Abdeslam Draoui. 2019. “Energy and Environmental Analysis of an Indirect Hybrid Solar Dryer of Wood Using TRNSYS Software.” Solar Energy 183: 132–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2019.03.014.
  • Lingayat, Abhay, and V. P. Chandramohan. 2021. “Numerical Investigation on Solar Air Collector and Its Practical Application in the Indirect Solar Dryer for Banana Chips Drying with Energy and Exergy Analysis.” Thermal Science and Engineering Progress 26: 101077. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsep.2021.101077.
  • Luka, Bobby Shekarau, Queen Msurshima Vihikwagh, Shianya Audu Ngabea, Miriam Jummai Mactony, Riyang Zakka, Taitiya Kenneth Yuguda, and Meriem Adnouni. 2023. “Convective and Microwave Drying Kinetics of White Cabbage (Brassica Oleracae Var Capitata L.): Mathematical Modelling, Thermodynamic Properties, Energy Consumption and Reconstitution Kinetics.” Journal of Agriculture and Food Research 12: 100605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100605.
  • Madhankumar, S., Karthickeyan Viswanathan, and Wei Wu. 2021. “Energy, Exergy and Environmental Impact Analysis on the Novel Indirect Solar Dryer with Fins Inserted Phase Change Material.” Renewable Energy 176: 280–294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.05.085.
  • Madhankumar, S., Karthickeyan Viswanathan, Wei Wu, and Muhammad Ikhsan Taipabu. 2023. “Analysis of Indirect Solar Dryer with PCM Energy Storage Material: Energy, Economic, Drying and Optimization.” Solar Energy 249: 667–683. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2022.12.009.
  • Manrique, Raiza, Daniela Vásquez, Farid Chejne, and Andrea Pinzón. 2020. “Energy Analysis of a Proposed Hybrid Solar–Biomass Coffee Bean Drying System.” Energy 202: 11772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.117720.
  • Mathew, Adarsh Abi, and Venugopal Thangavel. 2021. “A Novel Thermal Energy Storage Integrated Evacuated Tube Heat Pipe Solar Dryer for Agricultural Products: Performance and Economic Evaluation.” Renewable Energy 179: 1674–1693. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.07.029.
  • Mellalou, Abderrahman, Walid Riad, Abdelaziz Bacaoui, and Abdelkader Outzourhit. 2023. “Impact of the Greenhouse Drying Modes of Two-Phase Olive Pomace on the Energy, Exergy, Economic and Environmental (4E) Performance Indicators.” Renewable Energy 210: 229–250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2023.04.074.
  • Mirzaee, Peiman, Payman Salami, Hadi Samimi Akhijahani, and Samira Zareei. 2023. “Life Cycle Assessment, Energy and Exergy Analysis in an Indirect Cabinet Solar Dryer Equipped with Phase Change Materials.” Journal of Energy Storage 61: 106760. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2023.106760.
  • Mohammed, Ssemwanga, Nakiguli Fatumah, and Nasejje Shadia. 2020. “Drying Performance and Economic Analysis of Novel Hybrid Passive-Mode and Active-Mode Solar Dryers for Drying Fruits in East Africa.” Journal of Stored Products Research 88: 101634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2020.101634.
  • Mugi, Vishnuvardhan Reddy, Mulatu C. Gilago, and V. P. Chandramohan. 2022. “Energy and Exergy Investigation of Indirect Solar Dryer under Natural and Forced Convection While Drying Muskmelon Slices.” Energy Nexus 8: 100153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nexus.2022.100153.
  • Murali, S., P. V. Alfiya, D. S. Aniesrani Delfiya, S. Harikrishnan, S. Kunjulakshmi, and Manoj P. Samuel. 2022. “Performance Evaluation of PV Powered Solar Tunnel Dryer Integrated with a Mobile Alert System for Shrimp Drying.” Solar Energy 240: 246–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2022.05.028.
  • Murugavelh, S., B. Anand, K. Midhun Prasad, R. Nagarajan, and S. Azariah Pravin Kumar. 2023. “Exergy Analysis and Kinetic Study of Tomato Waste Drying in a Mixed Mode Solar Tunnel Dryer.” Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects 45 (3): 8978–8994. https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2019.1679289.
  • Ndukwu, Macmanus Chinenye, Godwin Akpan, Azubuike N. Okeahialam, John D. Umoh, Emmanuel A. Ubuoh, Uchechukwu G. Benjamine, Chris Nwachukwu, Confidence A. Kalu, Jude Mbanasor, and Hongwei Wu. 2023. “A Comparison of the Drying Kinetics, Energy Consumption and Colour Quality of Drying Medicinal Leaves in Direct-Solar Dryer with Different Colours of Collector Cover.” Renewable Energy 216: 119076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2023.119076.
  • Ndukwu, Macmanus C., Bassey B. Okon, Fidelis I. Abam, Bilal Lamrani, Naoual Bekkioui, Hongwei Wu, Lyes Bennamoun, et al. 2023. “Energy and Exergy Analysis of Solar Dryer with Triple Air Passage Direction Collector Powered by a Wind Generator.” International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering 14 (1): 63–77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40095-022-00502-8.
  • Ndukwu, M. C., M. Simo-Tagne, F. I. Abam, O. S. Onwuka, S. Prince, and L. Bennamoun. 2020. “Exergetic Sustainability and Economic Analysis of Hybrid Solar-Biomass Dryer Integrated with Copper Tubing as Heat Exchanger.” Heliyon 6 (2): e03401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03401.
  • Ojediran, John O., Clinton E. Okonkwo, Abiola J. Adeyi, Oladayo Adeyi, Abiola F. Olaniran, Nana E. George, and Adeniyi T. Olayanju. 2020. “Drying Characteristics of Yam Slices (Dioscorea Rotundata) in a Convective Hot Air Dryer: Application of ANFIS in the Prediction of Drying Kinetics.” Heliyon 6 (3): e03555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03555.
  • Ortiz, Jaime, Roberto Lemus-Mondaca, Antonio Vega-Gálvez, Kong Ah-Hen, Luis Puente-Diaz, Liliana Zura-Bravo, and Santiago Aubourg. 2013. “Influence of Air-Drying Temperature on Drying Kinetics, Colour, Firmness and Biochemical Characteristics of Atlantic Salmon (i L.) Fillets.” Food Chemistry 139 (1-4): 162–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.01.037.
  • Panchal, Jugal M., Kalpesh V. Modi, Santosh B. Chaudhary, Pushprajsinh B. Jadeja, and Vikas J. Patel. 2023. “Comparative Experimental Analysis of Potato Slice Drying Using a Multiple Phase Change Material Cascaded Modified Indirect Solar Dryer and Conventional Indirect Solar Dryer.” Journal of Energy Storage 67: 107644. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2023.107644.
  • Parhizi, Zahra, Hamed Karami, Iman Golpour, Mohammad Kaveh, Mariusz Szymanek, Ana M. Blanco-Marigorta, José Daniel Marcos, et al. 2022. “Modeling and Optimization of Energy and Exergy Parameters of a Hybrid-Solar Dryer for Basil Leaf Drying Using RSM.” Sustainability 14 (14): 8839. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14148839.
  • Philip, Nadiya, Sruthi Duraipandi, and A. Sreekumar. 2022. “Techno-Economic Analysis of Greenhouse Solar Dryer for Drying Agricultural Produce.” Renewable Energy 199: 613–627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2022.08.148.
  • Phitakwinai, Sutida, Sirichai Thepa, and Wanich Nilnont. 2019. “Thin-Layer Drying of Parchment Arabica Coffee by Controlling Temperature and Relative Humidity.” Food Science and Nutrition 7 (9): 2921–2931. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.1144.
  • Prajapati, Chhotelal, and Tanuja Sheorey. 2023. “Exploring the Efficacy of Natural Convection in a Cabinet Type Solar Dryer for Drying Gooseberries: An Experimental Analysis.” Journal of Agriculture and Food Research 14: 100684. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100684.
  • Rao, Thota Swamy Surya Bhaskara, and Murugan Sivalingam. 2023. “Assessment of Energy, Exergy, Environmental, and Economic Study of an Evacuated Tube Solar Dryer for Drying Krishna Tulsi.” Environmental Science and Pollution Research 30 (25): 67351–67367. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-27085-z.
  • Rashidi, Milad, Akbar Arabhosseini, Hadi Samimi-Akhijahani, and Ali M. Kermani. 2021. “Acceleration the Drying Process of Oleaster (Elaeagnus Angustifolia L.) Using Reflectors and Desiccant System in a Solar Drying System.” Renewable Energy 171: 526–541. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.02.094.
  • Rattanamechaiskul, Chaiwat, and Nittaya Junka. 2020. “Modeling of Fragment Formation of Parchment Coffee Beans for Rapid Heat and Mass Transfer during Fluidization Drying.” Journal of Food Processing and Preservation 44 (8), https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.14555.
  • Rurush, Eduardo, María Alvarado, Paola Palacios, Yeimy Flores, Meliza Lindsay Rojas, and Alberto Claudio Miano. 2022. “Drying Kinetics of Blueberry Pulp and Mass Transfer Parameters: Effect of Hot Air and Refractance Window Drying at Different Temperatures.” Journal of Food Engineering 320: 110929. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2021.110929.
  • Saikia, Deepanka, Prakash Kumar Nayak, K. Radha Krishnan, Rajesh Kondareddy, and D. V. N. Lakshmi. 2022. “Development of Indirect Type Solar Dryer and Experiments for Estimation of Drying Parameters of Dhekia (Diplazium Esculentum).” Materials Today: Proceedings 56: 774–780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.02.255.
  • Sarker, Md Sazzat Hossain, Mohd Nordin Ibrahim, Norashikin Abdul Aziz, and Mohd Salleh Punan. 2015. “Energy and Exergy Analysis of Industrial Fluidized Bed Drying of Paddy.” Energy 84: 131–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2015.02.064.
  • Sengar, Mukul, Reeta Rani Singhania, Deepak Singh, Pradeep Kumar Mishra, Dhananjay Singh, Manish Kumar, and Balendu Shekher Giri. 2023. “Drying Kinetics, Thermal and Morphological Analysis of Starchy Food Material: Experimental Investigation through an Induced Type Solar Dryer.” Environmental Technology and Innovation 31: 103221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2023.103221.
  • Sethi, Chandan Kumar, Saroj Kumar Acharya, Somar Rajeh Ghanem, Abhishek Behera, and Pragyan Parimita Patnaik. 2021. “Exergy, Energy and Economic Analysis of a V-Groove Assist Rotating Tray Type Solar Cabinet Dryer for Drying Potato Chips.” Journal of Stored Products Research 93: 101861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2021.101861.
  • Singh, Akhilesh, Jahar Sarkar, and Rashmi Rekha Sahoo. 2020a. “Experimental Energy, Exergy, Economic and Exergoeconomic Analyses of Batch-Type Solar-Assisted Heat Pump Dryer.” Renewable Energy 156: 1107–1116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.04.100.
  • Singh, Akhilesh, Jahar Sarkar, and Rashmi Rekha Sahoo. 2020b. “Experimentation on Solar-Assisted Heat Pump Dryer: Thermodynamic, Economic and Exergoeconomic Assessments.” Solar Energy 208: 150–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2020.07.081.
  • Suherman, Suherman, Hadiyanto Hadiyanto, Evan Eduard Susanto, Shesar Anis Rahmatullah, and Aditya Rofi Pratama. 2020. “Towards an Optimal Hybrid Solar Method for Lime-Drying Behavior.” Heliyon 6 (10): e05356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05356.
  • Sukkanta, Phatcharapron, Kornkanok Eiamkij, Nachason Junset, and Krittaphas Mongkoldhumrongkul. 2023. “Oyster Mushroom Drying Efficiency Using a Solar Dryer.” Energy Reports 9: 479–486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2023.01.062.
  • Tagnamas, Zakaria, Hamza Lamsyehe, Haytem Moussaoui, Younes Bahammou, Mounir Kouhila, Ali Idlimam, and Abdelkader Lamharrar. 2021. “Energy and Exergy Analyses of Carob Pulp Drying System Based on a Solar Collector.” Renewable Energy 163: 495–503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.09.011.
  • Tefera, Ewnetu, Eneyw Gardie Damtie, Yihunie Mognhod Bezzie, and Zigale Admass. 2023. “Experimental Testing of Mixed-Mode Double Pass Solar Air Heater Integrated with Aluminium Cans for Red Pepper Drying.” Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 50: 103379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2023.103379.
  • Tiwari, Sumit, and G. N. Tiwari. 2017. “Energy and Exergy Analysis of a Mixed-Mode Greenhouse-Type Solar Dryer, Integrated with Partially Covered N-PVT Air Collector.” Energy 128: 183–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.04.022.
  • Utari, Febiani Dwi, Cindy Yasintasia, Maharani Ratridewi, Dewi Qurrota A’yuni, Andri Cahyo Kumoro, Mohamad Djaeni, and Nurul Asiah. 2022. “Evaluation of Paddy Drying with Vertical Screw Conveyor Dryer (VSCD) at Different Air Velocities and Temperatures.” Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification 174: 108881. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2022.108881.
  • Veeramanipriya, E., and A. R. Umayal Sundari. 2021. “Performance Evaluation of Hybrid Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) Solar Dryer for Drying of Cassava.” Solar Energy 215: 240–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2020.12.027.
  • Wongsa, Prinya, Nuttida Khampa, Sineenat Horadee, Jeeranun Chaiwarith, and Nithiya Rattanapanone. 2019. “Quality and Bioactive Compounds of Blends of Arabica and Robusta Spray-Dried Coffee.” Food Chemistry 283: 579–587. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.01.088.
  • Yogendrasasidhar, D., and Y. Pydi Setty. 2018. “Drying Kinetics, Exergy and Energy Analyses of Kodo Millet Grains and Fenugreek Seeds Using Wall Heated Fluidized Bed Dryer.” Energy 151: 799–811. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.03.089.
  • Ziaforoughi, Amin, and Javad Abolfazli Esfahani. 2016. “A Salient Reduction of Energy Consumption and Drying Time in a Novel PV-Solar Collector-Assisted Intermittent Infrared Dryer.” Solar Energy 136: 428–436. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2016.07.025.
  • Zohrabi, Saman, Mortaza Aghbashlo, Seyed Sadegh Seiiedlou, Holger Scaar, and Jochen Mellmann. 2020. “Energy Saving in a Convective Dryer by Using Novel Real-Time Exergy-Based Control Schemes Adjusting Exhaust Air Recirculation.” Journal of Cleaner Production 257: 120394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120394.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.