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Obstetric Case Reports

Spontaneous delivery through perineum, bypassing the vaginal introitus

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Pages 671-672 | Published online: 02 Jul 2009

Reference

  • Khamaiseh K.A., Cohn M.R. and Smith R.B. (2001) Labial delivery. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 98, 127 — 128.
  • Leeuw J.W., Struijk P.C., Vierhout M.E. and Wallenburg H.C.S. (2001) Risk factors for third degree perineal ruptures during delivery. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 108, 383–387.
  • McCandlish R., Bowler U., van Asten H., Berridge G., Winter C., Sames L., Garcia J., Renfrew M. and Elbourne D. (1998) A randomized trial of the care of the perineum during second stage of normal labour. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 105, 1262–1272.
  • Parnell C., Langhoft Ross J. and Moller H. (2001) Conduct of labour and rupture of the sphincter ani. Acta Obstetrica et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 80, 256–261.
  • Venkatesh K.S. and Ramanujam P. (1996) Surgical treatment of traumatic cloaca. Diseases of the Colon and Rectum, 39, 811 —816.

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