138
Views
11
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Gynaecology

Injuries to the levator ani in unexplained, chronic pelvic pain

Pages 828-831 | Published online: 02 Jul 2009

References

  • Allen W M, Masters W H. Traumatic laceration of uterine support. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1955; 70: 500–513
  • Allen W M. Chronic pelvic congestion and pelvic pain. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1971; 109: 198–202
  • Atwel G SS, Duplessis D, Armstrong G R, Slade R J, Quinn M J. Uterine innervation after hysterectomy for chronic pelvic pain with, or without, endometriosis. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2005; 193: 1658–1663
  • Beard R W, Higham J H, Pearce S. Diagnosis of pelvic varicosities in women with chronic pelvic pain. Lancet 1984; ii: 946–949
  • Bonney V. The principles that should underlie all operations for prolapse. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth 1934; 41: 669–683
  • Cervero F, Laird J MA. Visceral pain. Lancet 2000; 353: 2145–2148
  • DeLancey J O, Kearney R, Chou Q, Speights S, Binno S. The appearance of levator ani muscle abnormalities in magnetic resonance images after vaginal delivery. Obstetrics and Gynecology 2003; 101: 46–53
  • Dietz H P. Quantification of major morphological abnormalities of the levator ani. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2007; 29: 329–334
  • Howard F M. Pelvic floor pain syndrome. Pelvic pain. Ch. 45, F M Howard, 2000; 429–432
  • Quinn M J. Magnetic resonance imaging of levator defects in women with chronic pelvic pain. Society Gynecologic Surgeons, Annual Meeting, Orlando, 2001
  • Quinn M, Kirk N. Differences in uterine innervation at hysterectomy. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2002; 187: 1515–1520
  • Richardson A C, Lyon J B, Williams N L. A new look at pelvic relaxation. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1976; 126: 568–572
  • Richardson A C. The anatomic defects in rectocoele and enterocoele. Journal of Pelvic Surgery 1995; 4: 214–221
  • Sinaki M, Merritt J L, Stilwell G K. Tension myalgia of the pelvic floor. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 1977; 52: 717–722
  • Slocumb J C. Chronic somatic, myofascial, and neurogenic abdominal pain. Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology 1990; 33: 145–153
  • Sultan A H, Kamm M A, Hudson C N. Pudendal nerve damage during labour: prospective study before and after childbirth. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1994; 101: 22–28
  • Taylor H C. Vascular congestion and hyperemia, their effect on structure and function in the female reproductive organs. Part II. The clinical aspects of the congestion-fibrosis syndrome. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1949; 57: 637–653
  • Thiele G H. Coccygodynia and pain in the superior gluteal region. Journal of the American Medical Association 1937; 109: 1271–1275
  • Zondervan K T, Yudkin P L, Vessey M P, Dawes M G, Barlow D H, Kennedy S H. Patterns of diagnosis and referral in women consulting for chronic pelvic pain in UK primary care. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1999a; 106: 1156–1161
  • Zondervan K T, Yudkin P L, Vessey M P, Dawes M G, Barlow D H, Kennedy S H. Prevalence and incidence of chronic pelvic pain in primary care: evidence from a national general practice database. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1999b; 106: 1149–1155

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.