Vaginal delivery is associated with lower levels of thiol groups, vitamin C and ferric reducing ability in colostrum compared with caesarean section

References

• Akçay, F., Aksoy, H. and Memisoğullari, R., 2002. Effect of breast-feeding on concentration of nitric oxide in breast milk. Annals of Clinical Biochemistry, 39 (Pt 1), 68–69.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bak, A. and Roszkowski, K., 2013. Oxidative stress in pregnant women. Archives of Perinatal Medicine, 19 (3), 150–155.
   Google Scholar
• Barbosa, K.B.F., et al., 2010. Estresse oxidativo: conceito, implicações e fatores modulatórios. Revista de Nutrição, 23 (4), 629–643.
   Google Scholar
• Benzie, I.F. and Strain, J.J., 1996. The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of “antioxidant power”: the FRAP assay. Analytical Biochemistry, 239 (1), 70–76.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Birben, E., et al., 2012. Oxidative stress and antioxidant defense. The World Allergy Organization Journal, 5 (1), 9–19.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Biswas, S., et al., 2014. Assessment of stress and antioxidant status among newborns in relation to mode of delivery. International Journal Current Research and Review, 6 (7), 65–73.
   Google Scholar
• Boyne, A.F. and Ellman, G.L., 1972. A methodology for analysis of tissue sulfhydryl components. Analytical Biochemistry, 46 (2), 639–653.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Celi, P. and Gabai, G., 2015. Oxidant/antioxidant balance in animal nutrition and health: the role of protein oxidation. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 2, 48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chirico, G., et al., 2008. Antiinfective properties of human milk. The Journal of Nutrition, 138 (9), 1801S–1806S.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Lucca, L., et al., 2019. Longitudinal study of delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase activity and oxidative profile in healthy pregnant women. Biomolecules, 9 (1), 18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diáz-Castro, J., et al., 2015. A new approach to oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling during labour in healthy mothers and neonates. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2015, 1–8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferrari, C.K.B., 2010. Capacidade antioxidante total (CAT) em estudos clínicos, experimentais e nutricionais. Journal of the Health Sciences Institute, 28 (4), 307–310.
   Google Scholar
• Friel, J.K., et al., 2002. Milk from mothers of both premature and full-term infants provides better antioxidant protection than does infant formula. Pediatric Research, 51 (5), 612–618.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galley, H.F., Davies, M.J. and Webster, N.R., 1996. Ascorbyl radical formation in patients with sepsis: effect of ascorbate loading. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 20 (1), 139–143.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gitto, E., et al., 2009. Oxidative stress of the newborn in the pre- and postnatal period and the clinical utility of melatonin. Journal of Pineal Research, 46 (2), 128–139.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanasand, M., et al., 2012. Improved detection of advanced oxidation protein products in plasma. Clinica Chimica Acta, 413 (9–10), 901–906.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacques-Silva, M.C., et al., 2001. Diphenyldiselenide and ascorbic acid changes deposition of selenium and ascorbic acid in liver and brain of mice. Pharmacology & Toxicology, 88 (3), 119–125.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kuo, P.C. and Schroeder, R.A., 1995. The emerging multifaceted roles of nitric oxide. Annals of Surgery, 221 (3), 220–235.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyons, K.E., et al., 2020. Breast milk, a source of beneficial microbes and associated benefits for infant health. Nutrients, 12 (4), 1039–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mutlu, B., et al., 2012. The effect of maternal number of births on oxidative and antioxidative systems in cord blood. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 25 (6), 802–805.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noh, E.J., et al., 2014. Comparison of oxidative stress markers in umbilical cord blood after vaginal and cesarean delivery. Obstetrics & Gynecology Science, 57 (2), 109–114.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schack-Nielsen, L., Larnkjaer, A. and Michaelsen, K.F., 2005. Long term effects of breastfeeding on the infant and mother. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 569, 16–23.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Şimşek, Y., et al., 2015. Mode of delivery changes oxidative and antioxidative properties of human milk: a prospective controlled clinical investigation. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine , 28 (6), 734–738.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smithers, L. and McIntyre, E., 2010. The impact of breastfeeding – translating recent evidence for practice. Australian Family Physician, 39 (10), 757–760.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tatsch, E., et al., 2011. A simple and inexpensive automated technique for measurement of serum nitrite/nitrate. Clinical Biochemistry, 44 (4), 348–350.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vakilian, K., et al., 2009. On the relation of oxidative stress in delivery mode in pregnant women, a toxicological concern. Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 19 (2), 94–99.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vendrame, S.A., et al., 2019. Activity of the enzyme delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase and parameters of oxidative stress in different modes of delivery. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 18, 1–6.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization, 2003. WHO Global Strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. p. 1–30.
   Google Scholar
• Yuksel, S., et al., 2015. Oxidant and antioxidant status of human breast milk during lactation period. Dairy Science & Technology, 95 (3), 295–302.
   Google Scholar
• Zarban, A., et al., 2009. Antioxidant and radical scavenging activity of human colostrum, transitional and mature milk. Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition, 45 (2), 150–154.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Živkovic, J., et al., 2015. Antioxidants and antioxidant capacity of human milk. Scientific Journal of the Faculty of Medicine in Niš, 31 (2), 115–125.
   Google Scholar