Barriers to Seeking Help and Treatment Suggestions for Prenatal Depressive Symptoms: Focus Groups with Rural Low-Income Women

REFERENCES

• American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th ed. Author, Washington, DC 1994
   Google Scholar
• Beck C. T. The effects of postpartum depression on maternal-infant interaction: A meta analysis. Nursing Research. 1995; 44: 298–304
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bender D. E., Ewbank D. The focus group as a tool for health research: Issues in design and analysis. Health Transition Review 1994; 4(1)63–80, Retrieved January 18, 2007, from htc.anu.edu.au/pdfs/Bender1.pdf
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bennett H. A., Einarson A., Taddio A., Koren G., Einarson T. R. Prevalence of depression during pregnancy: Systematic review. Obstetrics and Gynecology 2004; 103: 698–709
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• California Mental Health Planning Council. Expanding the use of psychiatric nurse practitioners in behavioral health settings: Resource materials. 2002, Retrieved January 22, 2007, from www.dmh.cahwnet.gov/MHPC/docs/expand-nurse.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Carter D., Kostaras X. Psychiatric disorders in pregnancy. British Columbia Medical Journal. 2005; 47: 96–99
   Google Scholar
• Chou M. H., Lin M. F. Exploring the listening experiences during guided imagery and music therapy of outpatients with depression. Journal of Nursing Research. 2006; 14: 93–102
   Google Scholar
• http://writing.colostate.edu/guides/research/content/ Colorado State University Writing Center website. (no date). Writing guides: Content analysis. Retrieved January 14, 2007, from
   Google Scholar
• Cooper L. A., Brown C., Vu H. T., Ford D. E., Powe N. R. How important is intrinsic spirituality in depression care? A comparison of white and African-American primary care patients. Journal of General Internal Medicine. 2001; 16: 634–638
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper-Patrick L., Powe N. R., Jenckes M. W., Gonzales J. J., Levine D. M., Ford D. E. Identification of patient attitudes and preferences regarding treatment of depression. Journal of General Internal Medicine 1997; 12: 431–438
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Das A. K., Olfson M., McCurtis H. L., Weissman M. M. Depression in African Americans: Breaking barriers to detection and treatment. Journal of Family Practice 2006; 55(1)30–39
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demyttenaere K., Lenaerts H., Nijs P., Van Assche F. A. Individual coping style and psychological attitudes during pregnancy and predict depression levels during pregnancy and during postpartum. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 1995; 91(2)95–102
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaynes B. N., Gavin N., Meltzer-Brody S., Lohr K. N., Swinson T., Gartlehner G., Brody S., Miller W. C. Perinatal depression: Prevalence, screening accuracy, and screening outcomes. 2005, www.ahrq.gov/clinic/epcsums/peridepsum.pdf Evidence Report/Technology Assessment No. 119. (Prepared by the RTI-University of North Carolina Evidence-based Practice Center, under Contract No. 290-02-0016.) AHRQ Publication No. 05-E006-2. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Retrieved May 1, 2006, from
   Google Scholar
• Graneheim U. H., Lundman B. Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: Concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness. Nurse Education Today. 2004; 24: 105–112
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hewett B., Stewart B., Cosgriff G. Life or death: Does Andrea Yates, on trial for murder in Houston, deserve mercy for drowning her five kids?. March 4, 2002, http://www.people.com/people/article/0,628165,00.html People Weekly Magazine. Retrieved December 5, 2007, from
   Google Scholar
• Holcomb W. L., Stone L. S., Lustman P. J., Gavard J. A., Mostello D. J. Screening for depression in pregnancy: Characteristics of the Beck Depression Inventory. Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1996; 88: 1021–1025
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoyt D., Conger R., Valde J., Weihs K. Psychological distress and help seeking in rural America. American Journal of Community Psychology 1997; 25: 449–470
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jesse D. E. Screening for psychosocial health in pregnancy: Differences between a Medicaid managed care group and a privately insured group in Appalachia. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved 2003; 14: 1–15
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jesse D. E., Swanson M. Risks and resources associated with antepartum risk for depression among rural southern women. Nursing Research 2007; 56(6)378–386
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jesse D. E., Walcott-McQuigg J., Mariella A., Swanson M. Risks and protective factors associated with symptoms of depression in African-American and Caucasian low-income pregnant women. Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health 2005; 50: 405–410
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kessler R. C., McGonagle K. A., Nelson C. B. Sex and depression in the National Comorbidity Survey. II. Cohort effects. Journal of Affective Disorders 1994; 30: 15–26
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kessler R. C., McGonagle K. A., Zhao S. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States. Results from the National Comorbidity Survey. Archives of General Psychiatry 1994; 5: 8–19
   Google Scholar
• Mckee M. D., Cunningham M., Jankowski K. R., Zayas L. Health-related functional status in pregnancy: Relationship to depression and social support in a multi-ethnic population. Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2001; 97: 988–993
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mead H., Witkowski K., Gault B., Hartmann H. The influence of income, education, and work status on women's well being. Women's Health Issues 2001; 11: 160–172
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miles M., Huberman M. Qualitative data analysis, 2nd ed. Sage, Beverly Hills, CA 1994
   Google Scholar
• Murray J. L., Lopez A. D. The global burden of disease: A comprehensive assessment of mortality and disability from diseases, injuries and risk factors in 1990 and projected to 2020. Summary. Harvard School of Public Health, World Health Organization, Boston 1996
   Google Scholar
• O'Hara M. W., Zekoski E. M., Philipps L. H. Controlled prospective study of postpartum mood disorders: Comparison of childbearing and non-childbearing women. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 1990; 99: 3–15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raingruber B. Client and provider perspectives regarding the stigma of and non-stigmatizing interventions for depression. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 2002; 16(5)201–207
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rupp A., Gause E. M., Regier D. A. Research policy implications of cost-of-illness studies for mental disorders. British Journal of Psychiatry 1998; 36: S19–S25
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sleath B., West S., Tudor G., Perreira K., King V., Morrissey J. Ethnicity and prenatal depression: Women's experiences and perspectives on communicating about their emotions and feelings during pregnancy. Patient Education and Counseling 2005a; 58(1)35–40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sleath B., West S., Tudor G., Perreira K., King V., Morrissey J. Ethnicity and depression treatment preferences of pregnant women. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2005b; 26(2)135–140
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stemler S. An overview of content analysis. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation 2001; 7(17), http://PAREonline.net/getvn.asp?v=7&n=17 Retrieved May 1, 2006, from
   Google Scholar
• Stotland N. L., Stotland N. E. Depression in women. Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey 1999; 54: 519–525
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Thompson-Sanders V. L., Bazile A., Akbar M. African Americans' perceptions of psychotherapy and psychotherapists. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice 2004; 35: 19–26
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thoppil J., Riutcel T. L., Nalesnik S. W. Early intervention for perinatal depression. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2005; 192: 1446–1448
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Mental health: A report of the Surgeon General—Executive summary. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Mental Health Services, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health, Rockville, MD 1999
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Mental health: Culture, race, and ethnicity—A supplement to mental health: A report of the Surgeon General. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Mental Health Services, Rockville, MD 2001
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Rural mental health in the WICHE West: Meeting workforce demands through regional partnership. 2003, http://ruralhealth.hrsa.gov/pub/WicheMH.asp#Ib Health Resources and Services Administration, Office of Rural Health Policy. Retrieved April 19, 2005, from
   Google Scholar
• Wang P. S., Simon G., Kessler R. The economic burden of depression and the cost-effectiveness of treatment methods. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 2003; 12: 22–33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar