Efficacy of Glutamine in the Prevention of Oral Mucositis and Acute Radiation-Induced Esophagitis: A Retrospective Study

REFERENCES

• Trotti , A , Bellm , L A , Epstein , J B , Frame , D Fuchs , H J . 2003 . Mucositis incidence, severity and associated outcomes in patients with head and neck cancer receiving radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy: A systematic literature review . Radiother Oncol , 66 : 253 – 262 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belderbos , J , Heemsbergen , W , Hoogeman , M , Pengel , K Rossi , M . 2005 . Acute esophageal toxicity in non-small cell lung cancer patients after high dose conformal radiotherapy . Radiother Oncol , 75 : 157 – 164 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy , B A . 2007 . Clinical and economic consequences of mucositis induced by chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy . J Support Oncol , 5 : 13 – 21 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rosenthal , D I . 2007 . Consequences of mucositis-induced treatment breaks and dose reductions on head and neck cancer treatment outcomes . J Support Oncol , 5 ( 9, Suppl 4 ) : 23 – 31 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• García-Peris , P , Lozano , M A , Velasco , C , de La Cuerda , C Iriondo , T . 2005 . Prospective study of resting energy expenditure changes in head and neck cancer patients treated with chemoradiotherapy measured by indirect calorimetry . Nutrition , 21 : 1107 – 1112 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• García-Peris , P , Parón , L , Velasco , C , de la Cuerda , C Camblor , M . 2007 . Long-term prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia in head and neck cancer patients: Impact on quality of life . Clin Nutr , 26 : 710 – 717 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van den Berg , M G , Rasmussen-Conrad , E L , Gwasara , G M , Krabbe , P F Naber , A H . 2006 . A prospective study on weight loss and energy intake in patients with head and neck cancer, during diagnosis, treatment and revalidation . Clin Nutr , 25 : 765 – 772 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sonis , S T , Elting , L S , Keefe , D M , Peterson , D E Schubert , M . 2004 . Mucositis Study Section of the Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer; International Society for Oral Oncology. Perspectives on cancer therapy-induced mucosal injury: pathogenesis, measurement, epidemiology, and consequences for patients . Cancer , 100 : 1995 – 2025 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan , S A and Wingard , J R . 2001 . Infection and mucosal injury in cancer treatment . J Nat Cancer Inst Mono , 29 : 31 – 36 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kouvaris , J R , Kouloulias , V E and Vlahos , L J . 2007 . Amifostine: the first selective-target and broad-spectrum radioprotector . Oncologist , 12 : 738 – 747 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim , J H , Chu , F C , Lakshmi , V and Houde , R . 1986 . Benzydamine HCl, a new agent for the treatment of radiation mucositis of the oropharynx . Am J Clin Oncol , 9 : 132 – 134 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Epstein , J B , Silverman , S Jr , Paggiarino , D A , Crockett , S Schubert , M M . 2001 . Benzydamine HCl for prophylaxis of radiation-induced oral mucositis: results from a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial . Cancer , 92 : 875 – 885 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kazemian , A , Kamian , S , Aghili , M , Hashemi , F A and Haddad , P . 2009 . Benzydamine for prophylaxis of radiation-induced oral mucositis in head and neck cancers: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial . Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) , 18 : 174 – 178 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rashad , U M , Al-Gezawy , S M , El-Gezawy , E and Azzaz , A N . 2009 . Honey as topical prophylaxis against radiochemotherapy-induced mucositis in head and neck cancer . J Laryngol Otol , 123 : 223 – 228 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Worthington , H V , Clarkson , J E and Eden , O B . 2007 . Interventions for preventing oral mucositis for patients with cancer receiving treatment . Cochrane Database Syst Rev , 17 ( 4 ) : CD000978
   Google Scholar
• Huang , E Y , Leung , S W , Wang , C J , Chen , H C Sun , L M . 2000 . Oral glutamine to alleviate radiation-induced oral mucositis: a pilot randomized trial . Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys , 46 : 535 – 539 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cerchietti , L C , Navigante , A H , Lutteral , M A , Castro , M A Kirchuk , R . 2006 . Double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial on intravenous L-alanyl-L-glutamine in the incidence of oral mucositis following chemoradiotherapy in patients with head-and-neck cancer . Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys , 65 : 1330 – 1337 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Algara , M , Rodríguez , N , Viñals , P , Lacruz , M Foro , P . 2007 . Prevention of radiochemotherapy-induced esophagitis with glutamine: results of a pilot study . Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys , 69 : 342 – 349 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Topkan , E , Yavuz , M N , Onal , C and Yavuz , A A . 2009 . Prevention of acute radiation-induced esophagitis with glutamine in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with radiotherapy: evaluation of clinical and dosimetric parameters . Lung Cancer , 63 : 393 – 399 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young , V R and Ajami , A M . 2001 . Glutamine: the emperor or his clothes? . J Nutr , 131 : 2449S – 2459S .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roth , E . 2007 . Immune and cell modulation by amino acids . Clin Nutr , 26 : 535 – 544 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newsholme , P . 2001 . Why is L-glutamine metabolism important to cells of the immune system in health, surgery or infection? . J Nutr , 131 : 2515S – 2522S .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curi , R , Lagranha , C J , Doi , S Q , Sellitti , D F Procopio , J . 2005 . Molecular mechanism of glutamine action . J Cell Phys , 204 : 392 – 401 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Worthington , H V , Clarkson , J E , Bryan , G , Furness , S Glenny , A M . 2011 . Interventions for preventing oral mucositis for patients with cancer receiving treatment . Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews , 4 Art. No. CD000978 doi: 10.1002/14651858
   Google Scholar
• Le , Q T , Kim , H E , Schneider , C J , Muraközy , G Skladowski , K . 2011 . Palifermin reduces severe mucositis in definitive chemoradiotherapy of locally advanced head and neck cancer: a randomized, placebo-controlled study . J Clin Oncol , 29 : 2808 – 2814 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keefe , D M , Schubert , M M , Elting , L S , Sonis , S T Epstein , J B . 2007 . Mucositis Study Section of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer and the International Society for Oral Oncology. Updated clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and treatment of mucositis. . Cancer , 109 : 820 – 831 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim , J H , Chu , F C , Lakshmi , V and Houde , R . 1986 . Benzydamine HCl, a new agent for the treatment of radiation mucositis of the oropharynx . Am J Clin Oncol , 9 : 132 – 134 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Epstein , J B , Silverman , S Jr , Paggiarino , D A , Crockett , S Schubert , M M . 2001 . Benzydamine HCl for prophylaxis of radiation-induced oral mucositis: results from a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial . Cancer , 92 : 875 – 885 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kazemian , A , Kamian , S , Aghili , M , Hashemi , F A and Haddad , P . 2009 . Benzydamine for prophylaxis of radiation-induced oral mucositis in head and neck cancers: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial . Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) , 18 : 174 – 178 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crowther , M , Avenell , A and Culligan , D J . 2009 . Systematic review and meta-analyses of studies of glutamine supplementation in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation . Bone Marrow Transplantation , 44 : 413 – 425 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshida , S , Matsui , M , Shirouzu , Y , Fujita , H Yamana , H . 1998 . Effects of glutamine supplements and chemoradiotherapy on systemic immune and gut barrier function in patients with advanced esophageal cancer . Ann Surg , 227 : 485 – 491 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Isenring , E A , Bauer , J D and Capra , S . 2007 . Nutrition support using the American Dietetic Association Medical Nutrition Protocol for radiation oncology patients improves dietary intake compared with standard practice . J Am Diet Assoc , 107 : 404 – 412 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar