974
Views
77
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Chemopreventive and Therapeutic Potential of Tea Polyphenols in Hepatocellular Cancer

&
Pages 329-344 | Received 16 Jul 2012, Accepted 18 Nov 2012, Published online: 26 Mar 2013

REFERENCES

  • Stan , S D , Kar , S , Stoner , G D and Singh , S V . 2008 . Bioactive food components and cancer risk reduction . J Cell Biochem , 104 : 339 – 356 .
  • Gullett , N P , Ruhul , Amin ARM , Bayraktar , S , Pezzuto , J M Shin , D M . 2010 . Cancer prevention with natural compounds . Semin Oncol , 37 : 258 – 281 .
  • Huang , W Y , Cai , Y Z and Zhang , Y . 2010 . Natural phenolic compounds from medicinal herbs and dietary plants: potential use for cancer prevention . Nutr Cancer , 62 : 1 – 20 .
  • Bishayee , A . 2012 . Editorial: current advances in cancer prevention and treatment by natural products . Curr Pharm Biotechnol , 13 : 115 – 116 .
  • Catalgol , B , Batirel , S , Taga , Y Ozer , N K . 2012 . Resveratrol: French paradox revisited . Front Pharmacol , 3 ( 141 )
  • Zaveri , N T . 2006 . Green tea and its polyphenolic catechins: medicinal uses in cancer and noncancer applications . Life Sci , 78 : 2073 – 2080 .
  • Rossi , L , Mazzitelli , S , Arciello , M , Capo , C R and Rotilio , G . 2008 . Benefits from dietary polyphenols from brain aging and Alzheimer's disease . Neurochem Res , 33 : 2390 – 2400 .
  • Bengmark , S , Mesa , M D and Gil , A . 2009 . Plant derived health: the effects of turmeric and curcuminoids . Nutr Hosp , 24 : 273 – 281 .
  • Bishayee , A . 2009 . Cancer prevention and treatment with resveratrol: from rodent studies to clinical trials . Cancer Prev Res , 2 : 409 – 418 .
  • Crozier , A , Jaganath , I B and Clifford , M N . 2009 . Dietary phenolics: chemistry, bio-availability and effects on health . Nat Prod Rep , 26 : 1001 – 1043 .
  • Bishayee , A and Darvesh , A S . 2010 . “ Oxidative stress in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases: prevention and treatment by dietary antioxidants ” . In Handbook of Free Radicals, Types and Effects , Edited by: Kozyrev , D and Slutsky , V . 1 – 67 . Hauppauge, NY : Nova Science Publishers, Inc .
  • Darvesh , A S , Carroll , R T , Bishayee , A , Novotny , N A Geldenhuys , W J . 2010 . Oxidative stress and Alzheimer's disease: dietary polyphenols as potential therapeutic agents . Expert Rev Neurother , 10 : 729 – 745 .
  • Izzi , V , Masuelli , L , Tresoldi , I , Sacchetti , P Modesti , A . 2012 . The effects of dietary flavonoids on the regulation of redox inflammatory networks . Front Biosci , 17 : 2396 – 2418 .
  • Lambert , J D , Hong , J and Yang , G Y . 2005 . Inhibition of carcinogenesis by polyphenols: evidence from laboratory investigations . Am J Clin Nutr , 81 : 284 – 291 .
  • Sang , S , Hou , Z , Lambert , J D and Yang , C S . 2005 . Redox properties of tea polyphenols and related biological activities . Antioxid Redox Signal , 7 : 1704 – 1714 .
  • Yang , C S , Lambert , J D , Ju , J , Lu , G and Sang , S . 2007 . Tea and cancer prevention: molecular mechanisms and human relevance . Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , 224 : 265 – 273 .
  • Bisht , K , Wagner , K H and Bulmer , A C . 2009 . Curcumin, resveratrol and flavonoids as anti-inflammatory, cyto- and DNA-protective dietary compounds . Toxicology , 278 : 88 – 100 .
  • Jagtap , S , Meganathan , K , Wagh , V , Winkler , J Hescheler , J . 2009 . Chemoprotective mechanism of the natural compounds, epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate, quercetin and curcumin against cancer and cardiovascular diseases . Curr Med Chem , 16 : 1451 – 1462 .
  • Sarkar , F H , Li , Y , Wang , Z and Kong , D . 2009 . Cellular signaling perturbation by natural products . Cell Signal , 21 : 1541 – 1547 .
  • González-Gallego , J , García-Mediavilla , M V , Sánchez-Campos , S and Tuñón , M J . 2010 . Fruit polyphenols, immunity and inflammation . Br J Nutr , 104 : S15 – S27 .
  • Mandel , S A and Youdim , M B . 2012 . In the rush for green gold: can green tea delay age-progressive brain neurodegeneration? . Recent Pat CNS Drug Discov , 7 : 205 – 217 .
  • Mandel , S A , Avramovich-Tirosh , Y , Reznichenko , L , Zheng , H Weinreb , O . 2005 . Multifunctional activities of green tea catechins in neuroprotection . Neurosignals , 14 : 46 – 60 .
  • Yang , C S , Ju , J and Lu , G . 2008 . Cancer prevention by tea and tea polyphenols . Asia Pac J Clin Nutr , 17 : 245 – 248 .
  • Butt , M S and Sultan , M T . 2009 . Green tea: Nature's defense against malignancies . Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr , 49 : 463 – 473 .
  • Clement , Y . 2009 . Can green tea do that? A literature review of the clinical evidence . Prev Med , 49 : 83 – 87 .
  • Grove , K A and Lambert , J D . 2010 . Laboratory, epidemiological, and human intervention studies show that tea (Camellia sinensis) may be useful in the prevention of obesity . J Nutr , 140 : 446 – 453 .
  • Rains , T M , Agarwal , S and Maki , K C . 2011 . Antiobesity effects of green tea catechins: a mechanistic review . J Nutr Biochem , 22 : 1 – 7 .
  • Li , W , Mei , X and Tu , Y Y . 2012 . Effects of tea polyphenols and their polymers on MAPK signaling pathways in cancer research . Mini Rev Med Chem , 12 : 120 – 126 .
  • Davalli , P , Rizzi , F , Caporali , A , Pellacani , D Davoli , S . 2012 . Anticancer activity of green tea polyphenols in prostate gland . Oxid Med Cell Longev , 984219, 2012
  • Kanwar , J , Taskeen , M , Mohammad , I , Huo , C Chan , T H . 2012 . Recent advances on tea polyphenols . Front Biosci , 4 : 111 – 131 .
  • Katiyar , S K and Mukhtar , H . 1997 . Tea antioxidants in cancer prevention . J Cell Biochem Suppl , 27 : 59 – 67 .
  • Landau , J M , Lambert , J D , Lee , M J and Yang , C S . 2006 . “ Cancer prevention by tea and tea constituents ” . In Carcinogenic and Anticarcinogenic Food Components , Edited by: Baer-Dubowska , W , Bartoszek , A and Malejka-Giganti , D . 219 – 237 . Boca Raton, FL : Taylor and Francis Group CRC Press .
  • Katiyar , S , Elmets , C A and Katiyar , S K . 2007 . Green tea and skin cancer: photoimmunology, angiogenesis and DNA repair . J Nutr Biochem , 18 : 287 – 296 .
  • Khan , N , Adhami , V M and Mukhtar , H . 2009 . Review: green tea polyphenols in chemoprevention of prostate cancer: preclinical and clinical studies . Nutr Cancer , 61 : 836 – 841 .
  • Johnson , J J , Bailey , H H and Mukhtar , H . 2010 . Green tea polyphenols for prostate cancer chemoprevention: a translational perspective . Phytomedicine , 17 : 3 – 13 .
  • Kim , J W , Ruhul Amin , A RM and Shin , D M . 2010 . Chemoprevention of head and neck cancer with green tea polyphenols . Cancer Prev Res , 3 : 900 – 909 .
  • Link , A , Balaguer , F and Goel , A . 2010 . Cancer chemoprevention by dietary polyphenols: promising role for epigenetics . Biochem Pharmacol , 80 : 1771 – 1792 .
  • Gupta , S , Ahmed , N and Mukhtar , H . 1999 . Prostate cancer chemoprevention by green tea . Semin Urol Oncol , 17 : 70 – 76 .
  • Shukla , Y . 2007 . Tea and cancer chemoprevention: a comprehensive review . Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev , 8 : 155 – 166 .
  • Pandey , M and Gupta , S . 2009 . Green tea and prostate cancer: from bench to clinic . Front Biosci , 1 : 13 – 25 .
  • Yang , C S , Wang , X , Lu , G and Picinich , S C . 2009 . Cancer prevention by tea: animal studies, molecular mechanisms and human relevance . Nat Rev Cancer , 9 : 429 – 439 .
  • Schütte , K , Bornschein , J and Malfertheiner , P . 2009 . Hepatocellular carcinoma– epidemiological trends and risk factors . Dig Dis , 27 : 80 – 92 .
  • Thun , M J , DeLancey , J O , Center , M M , Jemal , A and Ward , E M . 2010 . The global burden of cancer: priorities for prevention . Carcinogenesis , 31 : 100 – 110 .
  • Sherman , M . 2005 . Hepatocellular carcinoma: epidemiology, risk factors and screening . Semin Liver Dis , 25 : 143 – 154 .
  • Jemal , A , Bray , F , Center , M M , Ferlay , J Ward , E . 2011 . Global cancer statistics . CA Cancer J Clin , 61 : 69 – 90 .
  • Chen , J . 2012 . Trends in incidence of liver cancer and its primary prevention in China . Chin J Clin Hepatol , 4 : 256 – 260 .
  • Siegel , R , Naishadham , D and Jemal , A . 2012 . Cancer statistics . CA Cancer J Clin , 62 : 10 – 29 . 2012
  • Bartsch , H and Montesano , R . 1984 . Relevance of nitrosamines to human cancer . Carcinogenesis , 5 : 1381 – 1393 .
  • Okuda , K . 2000 . Hepatocellular carcinoma . J Hepatol , 32 : 225 – 237 .
  • Bruix , J and Llovet , J M . 2003 . Hepatis B virus and hepatocellular carcinoma . J Hepatol , 39 : S59 – S63 .
  • Kensler , T W , Egner , P A and Wang , J B . 2004 . Chemoprevention of hepatocellular carcinoma in aflatoxin endemic areas . Gastroenterology , 127 : S310 – S318 .
  • Ribes , J , Clèries , R , Esteban , L , Moreno , V and Bosch , F X . 2008 . The influence of alcohol consumption and hepatitis B and C infections on the risk of liver cancer in Europe . J Hepatol , 49 : 233 – 242 .
  • Llovet , J M , Burroughs , A and Bruix , J . 2003 . Hepatocellular carcinoma . Lancet , 362 : 1907 – 1917 .
  • Mazzaferro , V , Regalia , E , Doci , R , Andreola , S Pulvirenti , A . 1996 . Liver transplantation for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis . N Eng J Med , 344 : 693 – 699 .
  • Llovet , J M , Ricci , S and Mazzaferro , V . 2008 . Sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma . N Eng J Med , 359 : 378 – 390 .
  • Je , Y , Schutz , F AB and Choueiri , T K . 2009 . Risk of bleeding with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine-kinase inhibitors sunitinib and sorafenib: a systematic review and mata-analysis of clinical trials . Lancet Oncol , 10 : 967 – 974 .
  • Lu , S C . 2010 . Where are we in the chemoprevention of hepatocellular carcinoma? . Hepatology , 51 : 734 – 736 .
  • Okuno , M , Kojima , S and Moriwaki , H . 2001 . Chemoprevention of hepatocellular carcinoma: concept, progress, and perspectives . J Gastroenterol Hepatol , 16 : 1329 – 1335 .
  • Kensler , T W , Qian , G S , Chen , J G and Groopman , J D . 2003 . Translation strategies for cancer prevention in liver . Nat Rev Cancer , 3 : 321 – 329 .
  • Ha , H L , Shin , H J , Feitelson , M A and Yu , D Y . 2010 . Oxidative stress and antioxidants in hepatic pathogenesis . World J Gastroenterol , 16 : 6035 – 6043 .
  • Klaunig , J E and Kamedulis , L M . 2004 . The oxidative stress in carcinogenesis . Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol , 44 : 239 – 267 .
  • Sánchez-Pérez , Y , Carrasco-Legleu , C , García-Cuellar , C , Pérez-Carreón , J Hernández-García , S . 2005 . Oxidative stress in carcinogenesis. Correlation between lipid peroxidation and induction of preneoplastic lesions in rat hepatocarcinogenesis . Cancer Lett , 217 : 25 – 32 .
  • Mantovani , A , Allavena , P , Sica , A and Balkwill , F . 2008 . Cancer-related inflammation . Nature , 454 : 436 – 444 .
  • Kundu , J K and Surh , Y J . 2008 . Inflammation: gearing the journey to cancer . Mut Res , 659 : 15 – 30 .
  • Llovet , J M and Bruix , J . 2008 . Molecular targeted therapies in hepatocellular carcinoma . Hepatology , 48 : 1312 – 1327 .
  • Prieto , J . 2008 . Inflammation, HCC and sex: IL-6 in the centre of the triangle . J Hepatol , 48 : 380 – 381 .
  • Nejak-Bowen , K N and Monga , S P . 2011 . Beta-catenin signaling, liver regeneration and hepatocellular cancer: sorting the good from the bad . Semin Cancer Biol , 21 : 44 – 58 .
  • Pang , R , Tse , E and Poon , R TP . 2006 . Molecular pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma . Cancer Lett , 240 : 157 – 169 .
  • Wong , C M and Ng , I OL . 2007 . Molecular pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma . Liver Int , 28 : 160 – 174 .
  • Frau , M , Biasi , F and Feo , F . 2010 . Prognositc markers and putative therapeutic targets for hepatocellular carcinoma . Mol Aspects Med , 31 : 179 – 193 .
  • Hoshida , Y , Toffanin , S , Lachenmayer , A , Villanueva , A Minguez , B . 2010 . Molecular classification and novel targets in hepatocellular carcinoma: recent advancements . Semin. Liver Dis , 30 : 35 – 51 .
  • Whittaker , S , Marais , R and Zhu , A X . 2010 . The role of signaling pathways in the development and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma . Oncogene , 29 : 4989 – 5005 .
  • Simile , M M , Frau , M , Pascale , R M and Feo , F . 2011 . New putative prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for the molecular approach to treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma . J Expt Integ Med , 1 : 85 – 97 .
  • Lee , K W , Lee , H J and Lee , C Y . 2004 . Vitamins, phytochemicals, diets, and their implementation in cancer chemoprevention . Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr , 44 : 437 – 452 .
  • Lee , K W and Lee , H J . 2006 . The roles of polyphenols in cancer chemoprevention . Biofactors , 26 : 105 – 121 .
  • de Kok , T M , de Waard , P , Wilms , L C and van Breda , S G . 2010 . Antioxidative and antigenotoxic properties of vegetables and dietary phytochemicals: the value of genomics biomarkers in molecular epidemiology . Mol Nutr Food Res , 54 : 208 – 217 .
  • Balentine , D A , Wiseman , S A and Bouwens , L C . 1997 . The chemistry of tea flavonoids . Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr , 37 : 693 – 704 .
  • Lambert , J D and Elias , R J . 2010 . The antioxidant and pro-oxidant activities of green tea polyphenols: a role in cancer prevention . Arch Biochem Biophys , 501 : 65 – 72 .
  • Lambert , J D , Sang , S and Yang , C S . 2007 . Biotrasnformation of green tea polyphenols and the biological activities of those metabolites . Mol Pharm , 6 : 819 – 825 .
  • Lambert , J D , Sang , S , Lu , A Y and Yang , C S . 2007 . Metabolism of dietary polyphenols and possible interactions with drugs . Curr Drug Met , 8 : 499 – 507 .
  • Sang , S , Lambert , J D , Ho , C T and Yang , C S . 2011 . The chemistry and biotransformation of tea constituents . Pharmacol Res , 64 : 87 – 99 .
  • Lambert , J D and Yang , C S . 2003 . Cancer chemopreventive activity and bioavailability of tea and tea polyphenols . Mut Res , 524 : 201 – 208 .
  • Yang , C S , Sang , S , Lambert , J D and Lee , M J . 2008 . Bioavailability issues in studying the health effects of plant polyphenolic compounds . Mol Nutr Food Res , 52 : S139 – S151 .
  • Fu , Z , Zhen , W , Yuskavage , J and Liu , D . 2010 . Epigallocatechin gallate delays the onset of type 1 diabetes in spontaneous non-obese diabetic mice . Br J Nutr , 105 : 1218 – 1225 .
  • Nagle , D G , Ferreira , D and Zhou , YD . 2006 . Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG): chemical and biomedical perspectives . Phytochemistry , 67 : 1849 – 1855 .
  • Carlson , J R , Bauer , B A , Vincent , A , Limburg , P J and Wilson , T . 2007 . Reading the tea leaves: anticarcinogenic properties of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate . Mayo Clin Proc , 82 : 725 – 732 .
  • Henning , S M , Wang , P and Heber , D . 2011 . Chemopreventive effects of tea in prostate cancer: green tea versus black tea . Mol Nutr Food Res , 55 : 905 – 920 .
  • Lambert , J D and Yang , C S . 2003 . Mechanisms of cancer prevention by tea constituents . J Nutr , 133 : 3262S – 3267S .
  • Hou , Z , Lambert , J D , Chin , K V and Yang , C S . 2004 . Effects of tea polyphenols on signal transduction pathways related to cancer chemoprevention . Mut Res , 555 : 3 – 19 .
  • Ju , J , Lu , G , Lambert , J D and Yang , C S . 2007 . Inhibition of carcinogenesis by tea constituents . Semin Cancer Biol , 17 : 395 – 402 .
  • Yang , C S , Lambert , J D and Sang , S . 2009 . Antioxidative and anti-carcinogenic activities of tea polyphenols . Arch Toxicol , 83 : 11 – 21 .
  • Thakur , V S , Gupta , K and Gupta , S . 2012 . The chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potentials of tea polyphenols . Curr Pharm Biotechnol , 13 : 191 – 199 .
  • Mann , C D , Neal , C P , Garcea , G , Manson , M M Dennison , A R . 2009 . Phytochemicals as potential chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents in hepatocarcinogenesis . Eur J Cancer Prev , 18 : 13 – 35 .
  • Yang , C S and Wang , X . 2010 . Green tea and cancer prevention . Nutr Cancer , 62 : 931 – 937 .
  • Katiyar , S K . 2003 . Skin photoprotection by green tea: antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects . Curr Drug Targets Immune Endocr Metabol Disord , 3 : 234 – 242 .
  • Gupta , S , Saha , B and Giri , A K . 2002 . Comparative antimutagenic and anticlastogenic effects of green tea and black tea: a review . Mutat Res , 512 : 37 – 65 .
  • Katiyar , S K . 2006 . Matrix metalloproteinases in cancer metastasis: molecular targets for prostate cancer prevention by green tea polyphenols and grape seed proanthocyanidins . Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets , 6 : 17 – 24 .
  • Yang , C S , Sang , S , Lambert , J D , Hou , Z Ju , J . 2006 . Possible mechanisms of the cancer-preventive activities of green tea . Mol Nutr Food Res , 50 : 170 – 175 .
  • Yang , C S , Lambert , J D , Hou , Z , Ju , J Lu , G . 2006 . Molecular targets for the cancer preventive activity of tea polyphenols . Mol Carcinogenesis , 45 : 431 – 435 .
  • Yang , H , Landis-Piwowar , K , Chan , TH and Dou , Q P . 2011 . Green tea polyphenols as proteasome inhibitors: implication in chemoprevention . Curr Cancer Drug Targets , 11 : 296 – 306 .
  • Patra , S K , Rizzi , F , Silva , A , Rugina , D O and Bettuzzi , S . 2008 . Molecular targets of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG): specificity and interaction with membrane lipid rafts . J Physiol Pharmacol , 59 : 217 – 235 .
  • Shimizu , M , Shirakami , Y and Moriwaki , H . 2008 . Targeting receptor tyrosine kinases for chemoprevention by green tea catechin, EGCG . Int J Mol Sci , 9 : 1034 – 1049 .
  • Tachibana , H . 2009 . Molecular basis for cancer chemoprevention by green tea polyphenol EGCG . Forum Nutr , 61 : 156 – 161 .
  • Singh , B N , Shankar , S and Srivastava , R K . 2011 . Green tea catechin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG): Mechanisms, perspectives and clinical applications . Biochem Pharmacol , 82 : 1807 – 1821 .
  • Boehm , K . 2010 . Cochrane reviews – in their own words: green tea for the prevention of cancer . J Evid Based Med , 3 ( 53 )
  • Nair , H B , Sung , B , Yadav , V R , Kannappan , R Chaturvedi , M M . 2010 . Delivery of anti-inflammatory nutraceuticals by nanoparticles for the prevention and treatment of cancer . Biochem Pharmacol , 80 : 1833 – 1843 .
  • Bode , A M and Dong , Z . 2009 . Epigallocatechin 3-gallate and green tea catechins: united they work, divided they fail . Cancer Prev Res , 2 : 514 – 517 .
  • Suganuma , M , Saha , A and Fujiki , H . 2011 . New cancer treatment strategy using combination of green tea catechins and anticancer drugs . Cancer Sci , 102 : 317 – 323 .
  • Mazzanti , G , Menniti-Ippolito , F , Moro , P A , Cassetti , F Raschetti , R . 2009 . Hepatotoxicity from green tea: a review of the literature and two unpublished cases . Eur J Clin Pharmacol , 65 : 331 – 341 .
  • Lambert , J D , Kennett , M J , Sang , S , Reuhl , K R Ju , J . 2010 . Hepatotoxicity of high oral dose (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate in mice . Food Chem Toxicol , 48 : 409 – 416 .
  • Nishida , H , Omori , M , Fukutomi , Y , Ninomiya , M Nishiwaki , S . 1994 . Inhibitory effects of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate on spontaneous hepatoma in C3H/HeNCrj mice and human hepatoma-derived PLC/PRF/5 cells . Jpn J Cancer Res , 85 : 221 – 225 .
  • Takada , M , Ku , Y , Toyama , H , Suzuki , Y and Kuroda , Y . 2002 . Suppressive effects of tea polyphenol and conformational changes with receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) expression in human hepatoma cells . Hepatogastroenterology , 49 : 928 – 931 .
  • Wei , D Z , Yang , J Y , Liu , J W and Tong , W Y . 2003 . Inhibition of liver cell proliferation and migration by a combination of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate and ascorbic acid . J Chemother , 15 : 591 – 595 .
  • Ramirez-Mares , M V , Chandra , S and de Mejia , E G . 2004 . In vitro chemopreventive activity of Camellia sinensis, Ilex paraguarienis and Aridsia compressa tea extracts and selected polyphenols . Mutat Res , 554 : 53 – 65 .
  • Sakata , R , Ueno , T , Nakamura , T , Sakamoto , M Torimura , T . 2004 . Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits platelet derived growth factor-induced proliferation of human hepatic stellate cell line LI90 . J Hepatol , 40 : 52 – 59 .
  • Kaufmann , R , Henklein , P , Henklein , P and Settmacher , U . 2009 . Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits thrombin-induced hepatocellular carcinoma cell invasion and p42/p44-MAPKinase activation . Oncol Rep , 21 : 1261 – 1267 .
  • Shirakami , Y , Shimizu , M , Adachi , S , Sakai , H Nakagawa , T . 2009 . (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate suppresses the growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by inhibiting activation of the vascular endothelial growth factor-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor axis . Cancer Sci , 100 : 1957 – 1962 .
  • Liang , G , Tang , A , Lin , X , Li , L Zhang , S . 2010 . Green tea catechins augment the antitumor activity of doxorubicin in an in vivo mouse model for chemoresistant liver cancer . Int J Oncol , 37 : 111 – 123 .
  • Tang , H H , Zhou , M and Liang , G . 2008 . Impact of epigallocatechin gallate on gene expression profiles of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines BEL7404/ADM and BEL7402/5-FU . Ai Zheng , 27 : 1056 – 1064 .
  • Hayes , C J , Whittaker , B P , Watson , S A and Grabowska , A M . 2006 . Synthesis and preliminary anticancer activity studies of C4 and C8-modified derivatives of catechin gallate (CG) and epicatechin gallate (ECG) . J Org Chem , 71 : 9701 – 9712 .
  • Kuo , P L and Lin , C C . 2003 . Green tea constituent (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits HepG2 cell proliferation and induces apoptosis through p53-dependent and fas-mediated pathways . J Biomed Sci , 10 : 219 – 227 .
  • Nishikawa , T , Nakajima , T , Moriguchi , M , Jo , M Sekoguchi , S . 2006 . A green tea polyphenol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, induces apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma, possibly through inhibition of Bcl-2 family proteins . J Hepatol , 44 : 1074 – 1082 .
  • Lin , S C , Li , W C , Shih , J W , Hong , K F Pan , Y R . 2006 . The tea polyphenol EGCG and EGC repress mRNA expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) in carcinoma cells . Cancer Lett , 236 : 80 – 88 .
  • Newell , A M , Yousef , G G , Lila , M A , Ramírez-Mares , M V and de Mejia , E G . 2010 . Comparative in vitro bioactivities of tea extracts from six species of Ardisia and their effect on growth inhibition of HepG2 cells . J Ethnopharmacol , 130 : 536 – 544 .
  • Roomi , M W , Roomi , N W , Kalinovsky , T , Niedzwiecki , A and Rath , M . 2010 . In vivo and in vitro effect of a nutrient mixture on hepatocarcinoma cell line SK-Hep-1 . Exp Oncol , 32 : 84 – 91 .
  • Tu , Y Y , Tang , A B and Watanabe , N . 2004 . The theaflavin monomers inhibit the cancer cells growth in vitro . Acta Biochim Biophys Sinica , 36 : 508 – 512 .
  • Murugan , R S , Priyadarsini , R V , Ramalingam , K , Hara , Y Karunagaran , D . 2010 . Intrinsic apoptosis and NF-κB signaling are potential molecular targets for chemoprevention by black tea polyphenols in HepG2 cells in vitro and in a rat hepatocarcinogenesis model in vivo . Food Chem Toxicol , 48 : 3281 – 3287 .
  • Chen , Zy , Yan , R Q , Qin , G Z and Qin , L L . 1987 . Effect of six edible plants on the development of AFB1-induced γ-glutamultranspeptidase positive hepatocyte foci in rats . Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi , 9 : 109 – 111 .
  • Li , Y , Yan , R Q , Qin , G Z , Qin , LL and Duan , X X . 1991 . “ Reliability of a short-term test for hepatocarcinogenesis induced by aflatoxin B1 ” . In Relevance to Human Cancer of N-Nitroso Compounds, Tobacco Smoke and Mycotixins , Edited by: O’Neill , I K , Chen , J and Bartsch , H . 431 – 433 . Lyon , , France : International Agency for Research on Cancer .
  • Qin , G , Gopalan-Kriczky , P , Su , J , Ning , Y and Lotlikar , P D . 1997 . Inhibition of aflatoxin B1-induced initiation of hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat by green tea . Cancer Lett , 112 : 149 – 154 .
  • Qin , G , Ning , Y and Lotlikar , P D . 2000 . Chemoprevention of aflatoxin B1-initiated and carbon tetrachloride-promoted hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat by green tea . Nutr Cancer , 38 : 215 – 222 .
  • Bishayee , A and Chatterjee , M . 1995 . Inhibitory effect of vanadium on rat liver carcinogenesis initiated with diethylnitrosoamine and promoted with phenobarbital . Br J Cancer , 71 : 1214 – 1220 .
  • Bishayee , A , Sarkar , A and Chatterjee , M . 2000 . Further evidence for chemopreventive potential of beta-carotene against experimental carcinogenesis: diethylnitrosoamine-initiated and phenobarbital-promoted hepatocarcinogenesis prevented more affected by beta-carotene than by retinoic acid . Nutr Cancer , 37 : 89 – 98 .
  • Bishayee , A and Dhir , N . 2009 . Resveratrol-mediated chemoprevention of diethylnitrosoamine-initiated hepatocarcinogenesis: inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis . Chem Biol Interact , 179 : 131 – 144 .
  • Li , Y . 1991 . Comparative study on the inhibitory effect of green tea, coffee and levamisole on the hepatocarcinogenic action of diethylnitrosamine . Zhonghua Zhong Liu Zu Zhi , 13 : 193 – 195 .
  • Hirose , M , Hoshiya , T , Akagi , K , Takahashi , S Hara , Y . 1993 . Effects of green tea catechins in a rat multi-organ carcinogenesis model . Carcinogenesis , 14 : 1549 – 1553 .
  • Hirose , M , Hasegawa , R , Kimura , J , Akagi , K Yoshida , Y . 1995 . Inhibitory effects of 1-O-hexyl-2,3,5-trimethylhydroquinone (HTHQ), green tea catechins and other antioxidants on 2-amino-6-methyldipyrido[1,2-a:3′,2′-d]imidazole (Glu-P-1)-induced rat hepatocarcinogenesis and dose-dependent inhibition by HTHQ of lesion induction by Glu-P-1 or 2-amino-3,8-dimethylinidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) . Carcinogenesis , 16 : 3049 – 3055 .
  • Hirose , M , Futakuchi , M , Tanaka , H , Orita , S I Ito , T . 1998 . Prevention by antioxidants of heterocyclic amine-induced carcinogenesis in a rat medium-term liver bioassay: results of extended and combination treatment experiments . Eur J Cancer Prev , 7 : 61 – 67 .
  • Hirose , M , Takahashi , S , Ogawa , K , Futakuchi , M Shirai , T . 1999 . Chemoprevention of heterocyclic amine-induced carcinogenesis by phenolic compounds in rats . Cancer Lett , 143 : 173 – 178 .
  • Cao , J , Xu , Y , Chen , J and Klaunig , J E . 1996 . Chemopreventive effects of green and black tea on pulmonary and hepatic carcinogenesis . Fundam Appl Toxicol , 29 : 244 – 250 .
  • Matsumoto , N , Kohri , T , Okushio , K and Hara , Y . 1996 . Inhibitory effects of tea catechins, black tea extract and oolong tea extract on hepatocarcinogenesis in rat . Jpn J Cancer Res , 87 : 1034 – 1038 .
  • Tamura , K , Nakae , D , Horiguchi , K , Akai , H Kobayashi , Y . 1997 . Inhibition by green tea extract of diethylnitrosamine-initiated but not choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined diet-associated development of putative preneoplastic, glutathione S-transferase placental form-positive lesions in rat liver . Jpn J Cancer Res , 88 : 356 – 362 .
  • Umemura , T , Kai , S , Hasegawa , R , Kanki , K Kitamura , Y . 2003 . Prevention of dual promoting effects of pentachlorophenol, an environmental pollutant, on diethylnitrosamine-induced hepato- and cholangiocarcinogenesis in mice by green tea infusion . Carcinogenesis , 24 : 1105 – 1109 .
  • Kim , H S , Kim , H S and Choi , H . 2008 . Pre- and post-initiation modulating effects of green tea ingestion on rat hepatocarcinogenesis . Nutr Res Prac , 2 : 234 – 239 .
  • Marnewick , J L , van der Westhuizen , F H , Joubert , E , Swanevelder , S Swart , P . 2009 . Chemopreventive properties of rooibos (Aspalathus linearis), honeybush (Cyclopia intermedia) herbal and green and black (Camellia sinensis) teas against cancer promotion induced by fumonisin B1 in rat liver . Food Chem Toxicol , 47 : 220 – 229 .
  • Srivastava , S , Singh , M , Roy , P , Prasad , S George , J . 2009 . Inhibitory effect of tea polyphenols on hepatic preneoplastic foci in Wistar rats . Investig New Drugs , 27 : 526 – 533 .
  • Tharappel , J C , Lehmler , H J , Srinivasan , C , Robertson , L W Spear , B T . 2008 . Effect of antioxidant phytochemicals on the hepatic tumor promoting activity of 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB-77) . Food Chem Toxicol , 46 : 3467 – 3474 .
  • Shimizu , M , Sakai , H , Shirakami , Y , Yasuda , Y Kubota , M . 2011 . Preventive effects of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate on diethylnitrosamine-induced liver tumorigenesis in obese and diabetic C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice . Cancer Prev Res , 4 : 396 – 403 .
  • González de Mejía , E , Ramírez-Mares , M V , Arce-Popoca , E , Wallig , M and Villa-Treviño , S . 2004 . Inhibition of liver carcinogenesis in Wistar rats by consumption of an aqueous extract from leaves of Ardisia compressa . Food Chem Toxicol , 42 : 509 – 516 .
  • Chung , F L , Wang , M , Rivenson , A , Iatropoulos , M J Reinhardt , J C . 1998 . Inhibition of lung carcinogenesis by black tea in Fischer rats treated with a tobacco-specific carcinogen: caffeine as an important constituent . Cancer Res , 58 : 4096 – 4101 .
  • Murugan , R S , Uchida , K , Hara , Y and Nagini , S . 2008 . Black tea polyphenols modulate xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, oxidative stress and adduct formation in a rat hepatocarcinogenesis model . Free Rad Res , 42 : 873 – 884 .
  • Murugan , R S , Vinothini , G , Hara , Y and Nagini , S . 2009 . Black tea polyphenols target matrix metalloproteinases RECK, proangiogenic molecules and histone deacetylase in a rat hepatocarcinogenesis model . Anticancer Res , 29 : 2301 – 2305 .
  • Zhang , G , Miura , Y and Yagasaki , K . 2002 . Effects of dietary powdered green tea and theanine on tumor growth and endogenous hyperlipidemia in hepatoma-bearing rats . Biosci Biotechnol Biochem , 66 : 711 – 716 .
  • Chakraborty , T , Chatterjee , A , Rana , A , Dhachinamoorthi , D Kumar , P A . 2007 . Carcinogen-induced early molecular events and its implication in the initiation of chemical hepatocarcinogenesis in rats: chemopreventive role of vanadium on this process . Biochem Biophys Acta , 1772 : 48 – 59 .
  • Verna , L , Whysner , J and Williams , G M . 1996 . N-nitrosodiethylamine mechanistic data and risk assessment: bioactivation, DNA-adduct formation, mutagenicity, and tumor initiation . Pharmacol Ther , 71 : 57 – 81 .
  • Li , X , Zhou , X P , Guan , Y S and Wang , Y X . 2005 . Magnetic resonance imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma induced by diethylnitrosamine in Sprague-Dawley rats . Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int , 4 : 427 – 432 .
  • Lee , J S , Chu , I S , Mikaelyan , A , Calvisi , D F Heo , J . 2004 . Application of functional genomics to identify best-fit mouse models to study human cancer . Nat Genet , 36 : 1306 – 1311 .
  • Kerbel , R S . 2003 . Human tumor xenografts as predictive preclinical models for anticancer drug activity in humans: better than commonly perceived-but they can be improved . Cancer Biol Ther , 2 : S134 – S139 .
  • Aggarwal , B B , Danda , D , Gupta , S and Gehlot , P . 2009 . Models for prevention and treatment of cancer: problems vs promises . Biochem Pharmacol , 78 : 1083 – 1094 .
  • Caderni , G , De Filippo , C , Luceri , C , Salvadori , M Giannini , A . 2000 . Effects of black tea, green tea and wine extracts on intestinal carcinogenesis induced by azoxymethane in F344 rats . Carcinogenesis , 21 : 1965 – 1969 .
  • Chow , H H , Hakim , I A , Vining , D R , Crowell , J A Ranger-Moore , J . 2005 . Effects of dosing condition on the oral bioavailability of green tea catechins after single-dose administration of polyphenon E in healthy individuals . Clin Cancer Res , 11 : 4627 – 4633 .
  • Lambert , J D , Lee , M J , Diamond , L , Ju , J Hong , J . 2006 . Dose-dependent levels of epigallocatechin-3-gallate in human colon cancer cells and mouse plasma and tissues . Drug Metab Dispos , 34 : 8 – 11 .
  • Jin , X , Zheng , R-H and Li-YM . 2008 . Green tea consumption and liver disease: a systematic review . Liver Int , 28 : 990 – 996 .
  • Luo , H , Tang , L , Tang , M , Billam , M Huang , T . 2006 . Phase IIa chemoprevention trial of green tea polyphenols in high-risk individuals of liver cancer: modulation of urinary excretion of green tea polyphenols and 8-hydrodeoxyguanosine . Carcinogenesis , 27 : 262 – 268 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.