Is Second Eye Involvement in Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy Due to Retro-Chiasmal Spread of Apoptosis?

REFERENCES

• Man P Y, Turnbull D M, Chinnery P F. Leber hereditary optic neuropathy. J Med Genet. 2002; 39: 162–169
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mackey D A, Oostra R J, Rosenberg T, et al. Primary pathogenic mtDNA mutations in multigeneration pedigrees with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy. Am J Hum Genet 1996; 59: 481–485
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johns D R, Smith K H, Miller N R. Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. Clinical manifestations of the 3460 mutation. Arch Ophthalmol 1992; 110: 1577–1581
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Johns D R, Heher K L, Miller N R, Smith K H. Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. Clinical manifestations of the 14484 mutation. Arch Ophthalmol 1993; 111: 495–498
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newman N J, Lott M T, Wallace D C. The clinical characteristics of pedigrees of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy with the 11778 mutation. Am J Ophthalmol 1991; 111: 750–762
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedlander R M. Apoptosis and caspases in neurodegenerative diseases. N Engl J Med 2003; 348: 1365–1375
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howell N. Leber hereditary optic neuropathy: how do mitochondrial DNA mutations cause degeneration of the optic nerve?. J Bioenerg Biomembr 1997; 29: 165–173
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Danielson S R, Wong A, Carelli V, et al. Cells bearing mutations causing Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy are sensitized to fast-induced apoptosis. J Biol Chem 2002; 277: 5810–5815
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ghelli A, Zanna C, Porcelli A M, et al. Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) pathogenic mutations induce mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic death in transmitochondrial cells incubated with galactose medium. J Biol Chem 2003; 278: 4145–4150
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cullom M E, Heher K L, Miller N R, et al. Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy masquerading as tobacco-alcohol amblyopia. Arch Ophthalmol 1993; 111: 1482–1485
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DuBois L G, Feldon S E. Evidence for a metabolic trigger for Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. A case report. J Clin Neuroophthalmol 1992; 12: 15–16
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Redmill B, Mutamba A, Tandon M. Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy following trauma. Eye 2001; 15: 544–547
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsao K, Aitken P A, Johns D R. Smoking as an aetiological factor in a pedigree with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. Brit J Ophthalmol 1999; 83: 577–581
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mackey D A, Fingert J H, Luzhansky J Z, et al. Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy triggered by antiretroviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus. Eye 2003; 17: 312–317
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klein R, Klein B E, Moss S E, Meuer S M. The epidemiology of retinal vein occlusion: The Beaver Dam Eye Study. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 2000; 98: 133–41, discussion 41–43
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ivanisevic M, Bojic L, Eterovic D. Epidemiological study of nontraumatic phakic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Ophthalmic Res 2000; 32: 237–239
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carroll W M, Mastaglia F L. Leber's optic neuropathy: A clinical and visual evoked potential study of affected and asymptomatic members of a six generation family. Brain 1979; 102: 559–580
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nikoskelainen E, Hoyt W F, Nummelin K. Ophthalmoscopic findings in Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. II. The fundus findings in the affected family members. Arch Ophthalmol 1983; 101: 1059–1068
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chen P P, Park R J. Visual field progression in patients with initially unilateral visual field loss from chronic open-angle glaucoma. Ophthalmol 2000; 107: 1688–1692
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Susanna R, Drance S M, Douglas G R. The visual prognosis of the fellow eye in uniocular chronic open-angle glaucoma. Brit J Ophthalmol 1978; 62: 327–329
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research G. A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc for age-related macular degeneration and vision loss: AREDS report no. 8.[comment]. Arch Ophthalmol 2001; 119: 1417–1436
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Strahlman E R, Fine S L, Hillis A. The second eye of patients with senile macular degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol 1983; 101: 1191–1193
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gregor Z, Bird A C, Chisholm I H. Senile disciform macular degeneration in the second eye. Brit J Ophthalmol 1977; 61: 141–147
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howell N. Human mitochondrial diseases: answering questions and questioning answers. Int Rev Cytol. 1999; 186: 49–116
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chalmers R M, Schapira A H. Clinical, biochemical and molecular genetic features of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1999; 1410: 147–158
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Weishaupt J H, Bahr M. Degeneration of axotomized retinal ganglion cells as a model for neuronal apoptosis in the central nervous system-Molecular death and survival pathways. Restor Neurol Neurosci 2001; 19: 19–27
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson B H, Petrova-Benedict R, Buncic J R, Wallace D C. Nonviability of cells with oxidative defects in galactose medium: a screening test for affected patient fibroblasts. Biochemical Medicine & Metabolic Biology 1992; 48: 122–126
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Robinson B H. Use of fibroblast and lymphoblast cultures for detection of respiratory chain defects. Methods Enzymol 1996; 264: 454–464
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Li M, Ona V O, Guegan C, et al. Functional role of caspase-1 and caspase-3 in an ALS transgenic mouse model. Science 2000; 288: 335–339
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ona V O, Li M, Vonsattel J P, et al. Inhibition of caspase-1 slows disease progression in a mouse model of Huntington's disease. Nature 1999; 399: 263–267
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pasinelli P, Houseweart M K, Brown R H, Jr., Cleveland D W. Caspase-1 and -3 are sequentially activated in motor neuron death in Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase-mediated familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000; 97: 13901–13906
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu S, Stavrovskaya I G, Drozda M, et al. Minocycline inhibits cytochrome c release and delays progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in mice. Nature 2002; 417: 74–78
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zanna C, Ghelli A, Orcelli A M, Martinuzzi A, Carelli V, Rugolo M. Caspase-independent death of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy cybrids is driven by energetic failure and mediated by AIF and Endonuclease G. Apoptosis 2005; 10(5)997–1007
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Orth M, Schapira A H. Mitochondria and degenerative disorders. Am J Med Genet 2001; 106(1)27–36
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kilburn B A, Chiang P J, Wang J, Flentke G R, Smith S M, Armant D R. Rapid induction of apoptosis in gastrulating mouse embryos by ethanol and its prevention by HB-EGF. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2006; 30(1)127–34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomson L M, Zeng J, Terman G W. An N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor mediated large, low frequency, spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic current in neonatal rat spinal dorsal horn neurons. Neuroscience Jun 1, 2006, [Epub ahead of print] PMID; 16750886
   Google Scholar
• Sherman D L, Brophy P J. Mechanisms of axon ensheathment and myelin growth. Nat Rev Neurosci 2005; 6(9)683–90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carelli V, Ross-Cisneros F, Sadun A. Mitochondrial dysfunction as a cause of optic neuropathies. Prog Retinal & Eye Research 2004; 23: 53–89
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newman N, et al. Am J Ophthalmol 2006; 141: 1061–1067
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sadun A A, Carelli V, Salomao S R, Berezovsky A, Quiros P, Sadun F, DeNegri A M, Andrade R, Schein S, Belfort R. A Very Large Brazilian Pedigree with 117788 Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 2002; 100: 169–78, discussion 178–179
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sadun A A, Carelli V, Salomao S R, Berezovsky A, Quiros P A, Sadun F, DeNegri A M, Andrade R, Moraes M, Passos A, Kjaer P, Pereira J, Valentino M L, Schein S, Belfort R. Extensive Investigation of Large Brazilian Pedigree of Italian Ancestry (SOA-BR) with 117788/Haplogroup J Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON). Am J Ophthalmol. 2003; Vol. 136(2)231–238
   Google Scholar
• Sadun F, De Negri A, Carelli V, Salomao S R, Berezovsky A, Andrade R, Moraes M, Passos A, Belfort R, da Rosa A B, Quiros P, Sadun A A. Ophthalmologic Findings in Large Pedigree of 11778/Haplogroup J Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy. Am J Ophthalmol. 2004; Vol. 137(2)271–277
   Google Scholar
• Sadun A, Salomao S, Berezovsky A, Sadun F, De Negri A, Quiros P, Chicani F, Ventura D, Barboni P, Sherman J, Sutter E, Belfort R, Carelli V. Subclinical Carriers and Conversions in Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON): A Prospective Psychophysical Study. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 2006, in press
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• The Axon: Structure, function, and pathophysiology, S G Waxman, J D Kocsis, P K Stys. Oxford University Press, New York 1995
   Google Scholar