References
- Jennett WB. A study of 25 cases of compression of the cauda equina by prolapsed intervertebral disc. I Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1956;19:109–16.
- Kostuik JP, Harrington I, Alexander D, Rand W, Evans D. Cauda equina syndrome an lumbar disc herniation. I bone It Surg 1986;68A:386–91.
- O'Laoire SA, Crockard HA, Thomas DG. Prognosis for sphin-cter recovery after operation for cauda equina compression owing to lumbar disc prolapse. BMI 1981;282:1852–4.
- Robinson RG. Massive protrusion of lumbar discs. Br I Surg 1965;52:858–65.
- Ver Brugghen A. Massive extrusions of the lumbar interverteb-ral discs. Surg Gynaecol Obstet 1945;81:269–77.
- Gleave JRW, MacFarlane R. Prognosis for recovery of bladder funciton following lumbar central disc prolapse. Br I Neurosurg 1990;4:205–9.
- Kennedy JG, Soffe KE, McGrath A, Stephens MM, Walsh MG, McManus F. Predictors of outcome in caude equina syndrome. Eur Spine I 1999;8:317–22.
- Kelleher CJ, Cardozo LD, Khullar V, Salvatore S. A new questionnaire to assess the quality of life of urinary incontinent women. Br I Obstet Gynaecol 1997;104:1374–9.
- Kobelt G, Kirchberger I, Malone-Lee J. Quality of life aspects of the overactive bladder and the effect of treatment with tolterodine. Br I Urol 1999;83:583–90.
- National Health Service Executive. A first class service: quality in the new NHS. Leeds, Department of Health, 1998.
- Jenkinson C. Assessment and evaluation of health and medical care: an introduction and overview. In: Jenkinson C., ed. Assessment and evaluation of health and medical care: a methods text. Buckingham: Open University Press, 1997;1–5.
- Steiner DL, Norman GR. Health measurement scales: a practical guide to their development and use, 2nd ed. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1995.
- Lamping DL, Browne J, Smith SC. Patient-based measures to evaluate surgical outcomes: myths and realities. Ann Roy Coll Surg Engl 2001;83(Suppl):78–81.
- Ahn VM, Ahn NU, Buchowski JM, Garrett ES, Sieber An, Kostuik JP. Cauda equina syndrome secondary to lumbar disc herniation. A meta-analysis of surgical outcomes. Spine 2000; 25:1515–22.
- Scott PJ. Bladder paralysis in cauda equina lesions from disc prolapse. I Bone It Surg 1965;47B:224–35.
- Nielsen B, De Nully M, Schmidt K, Iversen Hansen R. A urodynamic study of cauda equina syndrome due to lumbar disc herniation. Urol Int 1980;35:167–70.
- Gleave JRW, MacFarlane R. Cauda equina syndrome: what is the relationship between timing of surgery and outcome? Br I Neurosurg 2002;16:325–8.