28
Views
50
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

The clinical and prognostic relevance of grading in intracranial ependymomas

Pages 421-428 | Published online: 06 Jul 2009

  • Bailey P. A study of tumors arising from ependymal cells. Arch Neurol Psychiatry (Chicago) 1924;11:1-27.
  • Bailey P. Further remarks concerning tumors of the glioma group. Bull Johns Hopk Hosp 1927;40:354-89.
  • Del Rio Hortega P. Estructura y systematisacion de los gliomas y paragliomas. Arch Esp Oncol 1932;2: 411-677.
  • Kernohan JW, Fletcher-Kernohan EM. Ependymo-mas: a study of 109 cases. Proc Ass Res Nerv Ment Dis (Baltimore) 1935;16:182-209.
  • Kernohan JW, Mabon RF, Svien HJ, Adson AW. A simplified classification of the gliomas. Proc Staff M eet M ayo Clin 1949;24:71-5.
  • Mabon RF, Svien HJ, Kernohan JW, McK Craig W. Ependymomas. Proc Staff M eet Mayo Clin 1949;24: 65-71.
  • Ringertz N. ª Gradingºof gliomas. ActaPathol M icrobiol Scand 1950;27:51-64.
  • Roussy G, Oberling C. Histologic classification of tumors of the central nervous system. Arch Neurol Psychiatry (Chicago) 1932;27:1281-9.
  • ZuÈlch KJ. Historical development of the classification of brain tumours and the new proposal of the World Health Organization (WHO). Neurosurg Rev 1981;4: 123-7.
  • ZuÈlch KJ. Brain Tumors. Their Biology and Pathology Berlin: Springer, 1986.
  • Bailey P, Cushing H. A Classification of the Tumors of the Glioma Group on a Histogenetic Basis with a Correlated Study of Prognosis. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott, 1926.
  • Kleihues P, Burger PC, Scheithauer BW. Histological Typing of Tumours of the Central Nervous System. Berlin: Springer, 1993.
  • Ernestus R-I. Intracranial ependymomas. In: Palmer JD (ed.) Neurosurgery 96-- Manual of Neurosurgery New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1996:242-7.
  • Ernestus R-I, SchroÈder R, Klug N. Relationship between the recurrence of intracranial ependymomas and the grade of malignancy. In Piscol K, Klinger M, Brock M (eds). Advances in Neurosurgery 20. Berlin: Springer, 1992:321-6.
  • Ernestus R-I, Wilcke O, SchroÈder R. Supratentorial ependymomasinchildhood:clinicopathological findings and prognosis. Acta Neurochir (W ien) 1991; 111:96-102.
  • Kaplan EL, Meier P. Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. J Am Statist Ass 1958;53: 457-81.
  • Breslow, N. A generalized Kruskal-Wallis test for comparing k samples subject to unequal patterns of censorship. Biometrika 1970;57:579-94.
  • Cox DR. Regression models and Life tables. J Roy Statist Soc 1972;34,Series B:187-220.
  • Centeno RS, Lee AA, Winter J, Barba D. Supra-tentorial ependymomas. Neuroimaging and clinicopathological correlation. J Neurosurg 1986;64:209-15.
  • GoutelleA,FischerG.LeseÂpendymomesin-tracraÃniens et intrarachidiens. In: M onographies des PeÂriodiques M asson No 11. 27e CongreÁs de la SocieÂte de Neuro-chirurgie de langue francËaise, Nice 24-25 M ai 1977. Paris: Masson, 1977.
  • Rubinstein LJ. Tumors of the central nervous system. In: Atlas of Tumor Pathology, 2nd ser, fasc 6. Washington DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 1972.
  • Schiffer D, ChioÁ A, Giordana MT, Migheli A, Palma L, Pollo B, et al. Histologic prognostic factors in ependymoma. Child‘s Nerv Syst 1991;7:177-82.
  • Daumas-Duport C. Histological grading of gliomas. Curr Opin Neurol Neurosurg 1992;5:924-31.
  • Ernestus R-I, SchroÈder R. Klinik und Pathologie in-trakranieller Subependymome-18 eigene FaÈlle und LiteraturuÈbersicht. Neurochirurgia (Stuttg) 1993;36: 194-202.
  • Scheithauer BW. Symptomatic subependymoma. Report of 21 cases with review of the literature. J Neuro-surg 1983;59:652-9.
  • Houtteville JP. Les eÂpendymomes du IVe ventricule. Neurochirurgia (Stuttg) 1970;13:101-7.
  • Fokes EC, Earle KM: Ependymomas. Clinical and pathological aspects. J Neurosurg 1969;30:585-94.
  • Ilgren EB, Stiller CA, Hughes JT, Silberman D, Steckel N, Kaye A. Ependymomas: a clinical and pathologic study. Part I-- Biological features. Clin Neuropathol 1984;3:113-21.
  • Svien HJ, Mabon RF, Kernohan JW, McK Craig W. Ependymoma of the brain: pathologic aspects. Neurology 1953;3:1-15.
  • Flores LE, Williams DL, Bell BA, O‘ Brien M, Ragab AH. Delay in the diagnosis of pediatric brain tumors. Am J Dis Child 1986;140:684-6.
  • Hooper R. Intracranial tumours in childhood. Child‘ s Brain 1975;1:136-40.
  • West CR, Bruce DA, Duffner PK. Ependymomas. Factors in clinical and diagnostic staging. Cancer 1985;56:1812-16.
  • Liu HM, Boggs J, Kidd J. Ependymomas of childhood. I. Histological survey and clinicopathological correlation. Child‘ s Brain 1976;2:92-110.
  • Marks JE, Adler SJ. Study of ependymomas by site of origin. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1982;8:37-43.
  • Goldwein JW, Corn BW, Finlay JL, Packer JP, Rorke LB, Schut L. Is craniospinal irradiation required to cure children with malignant (anaplastic) intracranial ependymomas? Cancer 1991;67:2766-71.
  • Lyons MK, Kelly PJ. Posterior fossa ependymomas: report of 30 cases and review of the literature. Neurosurgery 1991;28:659-65.
  • Healey EA, Barnes PD, Kupsky WJ, Scott RM, Sallan SE, Black PMcl, et al. The prognostic significance of postoperative residual tumor in ependymoma. Neurosurgery 1991;28:666-72.
  • Sutton LN, Goldwein J, Perilongo G, Lang B, Schut L, Rorke L, et al. Prognostic factors in childhood ependymomas. Pediatr Neurosurg 1990-91;16:57-65.
  • Afra D, MuÈller W, Slowik F, Wilcke O, Budka H, Turoczy L. Supratentorial lobar ependymomas: reports on the grading and survival periods in 80 cases, including 46 recurrences. Acta Neurochir (W ien) 1983;69:243-51.
  • Chin HW, Maruyama Y, Markesbery W, Young AB. Intracranial ependymoma: results of radiotherapy at the University of Kentucky. Cancer 1982;49:2276-80.
  • Ringertz N, Reymond A. Ependymomas and choroid plexus papillomas. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1949;8: 355-80.
  • Mùrk SJ, Lùken AC. Ependymoma: a follow-up study of 101 cases. Cancer 1977;40:907-15.
  • Kovalic JJ, Flaris N, Grigsby PW, Pirkowski M, Simpson JR, Roth KA. Intracranial ependymoma long term outcome,patternsoffailure.JNeurooncol 1993;15:125-31.
  • Svien HJ, Gates EM, Kernohan JW. Spinal subarachnoid implantation associated with ependymoma. Arch Neurol Psychiatry (Chicago) 1949;62:847-56.
  • Ernestus R-I, Wilcke O. Spinal metastases of intracranial ependymomas. Four case reports and review of the literature. Neurosurg Rev 1990;13:147-54.
  • Vanuytsel L, Brada M. The role of prophylactic spinal irradiation in localized intracranial ependymoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1991;21:825-30.
  • Vanuytsel LJ, Bessell EM, Ashley SE, Bloom JG, Brada M. Intracranial epemdymoma: long-term results of a policy of surgery and radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1992;23:313-19.
  • Edwards MS, Levin VA, Wilson CB. Chemotherapy of pediatric posterior fossa tumors. Child‘s Brain 1980; 7:252-60.
  • Salazar OM, Castro-Vita H, VanHoutte P, Rubin P, Aygun C. Improved survival in cases of intracranial ependymoma after radiation therapy. Late report and recommendations. J Neurosurg 1983;59:652-9.
  • Barone BM, Elvidge AR. Ependymomas. A clinical survey. J Neurosurg 1970;33:428-38.
  • Arendt A, Senitz, D. Histologische Kriterien zur bio-logischenWertigkeitbeimEpendymom.Arch Geschwulstforsch 1972;40:44-50.
  • Bloom HJG, Walsh LS. Tumours of the central nervous system. In: Bloom HJG, Lemerle J, Neidhardt MK, VouÃte PA (eds) Cancer in Children-- Clinical M anagement. Berlin: Springer, 1975:93-119.
  • Sheline GE. Radiation therapy of tumors of the central nervous system. Cancer 1975;35:957-64.
  • Dohrmann GJ, Farwell JR, Flannery JT. Ependymo-mas and ependymoblastomas in children. J Neurosurg 1976;45:273-83.
  • Coulon RA, Till K. Intracranial ependymomas in children.Areviewof43cases.Child‘ sBrain 1977;3:154-68.
  • KimYH, Fayos JV. Intracranial ependymomas. Radiology 1977;124:805-8.
  • Namer IJ, Pamir MN, Benli K, Erbengi A. Les eÂpendymomes intracraÃniens. Etude de 81 cas et comparaison avec la litteÂrature. Neurochirurgie 1984; 30:153-8.
  • Chiu JK, Woo SY, Ater J, Connelly J, Bruner JM, Maor MH, et al. Intracranial ependymoma in children: analysis of prognostic factors. J Neurooncol 1992;13:283-90.
  • Grabenbauer GG, Barta B, Erhardt J, Buchfelder M, Thierauf P, Beck JD, et al. Prognostische Faktoren und Ergebnisse nachkombiniertoperativerund strahlentherapeutischerBehandlungdesEpendy-moms. Strahlenther Onkol 1992;168:679-85.
  • Imhof H-G, Hany M, Wiestler OD, Glanzmann C. Long-term follow-up in 39 patients with an ependymoma after surgery and irradiation. Strahlenther Onkol 1992;168:513-9.
  • Rousseau P, Habrand J-L, Sarrazin D, Kalifa C, Terrier-Lacombe M-T, Rekacewicz C, et al. Treatment of intracranial ependymomas of children: review of a 15-year experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1993; 28:381-6.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.