526
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Shame, self-discrepancies, and adjustment after acquired brain injury

, &
Pages 1061-1067 | Received 10 Oct 2019, Accepted 27 May 2020, Published online: 02 Jul 2020

References

  • Ownsworth T. Self-identity after brain injury. London, UK: Psychology Press; 2014.
  • Tate RL, Broe GA. Psychosocial adjustment after traumatic brain injury: what are the important variables? Psychol Med. 1999 May;29(3):713–25. doi:10.1017/S0033291799008466.
  • Gracey F, Evans JJ, Malley D. Capturing process and outcome in complex rehabilitation interventions: a “Y-shaped” model. Neuropsychol Rehabil. 2009 Dec 1;19(6):867–90. doi: 10.1080/09602010903027763.
  • Higgins ET, Bond RN, Klein R, Strauman T. Self-discrepancies and emotional vulnerability: how magnitude, accessibility, and type of discrepancy influence affect. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1986 July;51(1):5. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.1.5.
  • Cooper-Evans S, Alderman N, Knight C, Oddy M. Self-esteem as a predictor of psychological distress after severe acquired brain injury: an exploratory study. Neuropsychol Rehabil. 2008 Nov 1;18(5–6):607–26. doi: 10.1080/09602010801948516.
  • Gracey F, Palmer S, Rous B, Psaila K, Shaw K, O’Dell J, Cope J, Mohamed S. “Feeling part of things”: personal construction of self after brain injury. Neuropsychol Rehabil. 2008 Nov 1;18(5–6):627–50. doi: 10.1080/09602010802041238.
  • Ellis-Hill CS, Horn S. Change in identity and self-concept: a new theoretical approach to recovery following a stroke. Clin Rehabil. 2000 June;14(3):279–87. doi:10.1191/026921500671231410.
  • Caplan B, Bogner J, Brenner L, Beadle EJ, Ownsworth T, Fleming J, Shum D. The impact of traumatic brain injury on self-identity: a systematic review of the evidence for self-concept changes. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2016 Mar 1;31(2):E12–25. doi: 10.1097/HTR.0000000000000158.
  • Tyerman A, Humphrey M. Changes in self-concept following severe head injury. Int J Rehabil Res. 1984 Mar;7(1):11–24. doi:10.1097/00004356-198403000-00002.
  • Cantor JB, Ashman TA, Schwartz ME, Gordon WA, Hibbard MR, Brown M, Spielman L, Charatz HJ, Cheng Z. The role of self-discrepancy theory in understanding post–traumatic brain injury affective disorders: A pilot study. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2005 Nov 1;20(6):527–43. doi: 10.1097/00001199-200511000-00005.
  • Jones L, Morris R. Experiences of adult stroke survivors and their parent carers: a qualitative study. Clin Rehabil. 2013 Mar;27(3):272–80. doi:10.1177/0269215512455532.
  • Mukherjee D, Reis JP, Heller W. Women living with traumatic brain injury: social isolation, emotional functioning and implications for psychotherapy. Women Ther. 2003 May 14;26(1–2):3–26. doi: 10.1300/J015v26n01_01.
  • Jumisko E, Lexell J, Soderberg S. The meaning of living with traumatic brain injury in people with moderate or severe traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neuroscience Nursing. 2005 Feb 1;37(1):42–50. doi: 10.1097/01376517-200502000-00007.
  • Simpson G, Mohr R, Redman A. Cultural variations in the understanding of traumatic brain injury and brain injury rehabilitation. Brain Inj. 2000 Jan 1;14(2):125–40. doi: 10.1080/026990500120790.
  • Kim S, Thibodeau R, Jorgensen RS. Shame, guilt, and depressive symptoms: a meta-analytic review. Psychol Bull. 2011 Jan;137(1):68. doi:10.1037/a0021466.
  • Gilbert P, Andrews B, editors. Shame: interpersonal behavior, psychopathology, and culture. Oxford, London: Oxford University Press on Demand; 1998.
  • Tangney JP, Niedenthal PM, Covert MV, Barlow DH. Are shame and guilt related to distinct self-discrepancies? A test of Higgins’s (1987) hypotheses. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1998 July;75(1):256. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.75.1.256.
  • Liss M, Schiffrin HH, Rizzo KM. Maternal guilt and shame: the role of self-discrepancy and fear of negative evaluation. J Child Fam Stud. 2013 Nov 1;22(8):1112–19. doi: 10.1007/s10826-012-9673-2.
  • Carroll E, Coetzer R. Identity, grief and self-awareness after traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychol Rehabil. 2011 May 1;21(3):289–305. doi: 10.1080/09602011.2011.555972.
  • Vickery CD, Gontkovsky ST, Wallace JJ, Caroselli JS. Group psychotherapy focusing on self-concept change following acquired brain injury: A pilot investigation. Rehabil Psychol. 2006 Feb;51(1):30. doi:10.1037/0090-5550.51.1.30.
  • Cook DR. Measuring shame: the internalized shame scale. Alcohol Treat Q. 1988 Mar 7;4(2):197–215. doi: 10.1300/J020v04n02_12.
  • Del Rosario PM, White RM. The internalized shame scale: temporal stability, internal consistency, and principal components analysis. Pers Individ Dif. 2006 July 1;41(1):95–103. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2005.10.026.
  • Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983 June 1;67(6):361–70. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x.
  • Collicutt McGrath J, Linley PA. Post-traumatic growth in acquired brain injury: a preliminary small scale study. Brain Inj. 2006 Jan 1;20(7):767–73. doi: 10.1080/02699050600664566.
  • Anson K, Ponsford J. Coping and emotional adjustment following traumatic brain injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2006 May 1;21(3):248–59. doi: 10.1097/00001199-200605000-00005.
  • Eriksson G, Kottorp A, Borg J, Tham K. Relationship between occupational gaps in everyday life, depressive mood and life satisfaction after acquired brain injury. J Rehabil Med. 2009 Feb 5;41(3):187–94. doi: 10.2340/16501977-0307.
  • Bjelland I, Dahl AA, Haug TT, Neckelmann D. The validity of the hospital anxiety and depression scale: an updated literature review. J Psychosom Res. 2002 Feb 1;52(2):69–77. doi: 10.1016/S0022-3999(01)00296-3.
  • von Steinbüchel N, Wilson L, Gibbons H, Hawthorne G, Höfer S, Schmidt S, Bullinger M, Maas A, Neugebauer E, Powell J, et al. Quality of Life after Brain Injury (QOLIBRI): scale development and metric properties. J Neurotrauma. 2010 July 1;27(7):1167–85. doi: 10.1089/neu.2009.1076.
  • Wilson L, Gibbons H, Hawthorne G, Höfer S, Schmidt S, Bullinger M, Maas A, Neugebauer E, Powell J, Zitnay G, et al. Quality of Life after Brain Injury (QOLIBRI): scale validity and correlates of quality of life. J Neurotrauma. 2010 July;27(7):1157–65. doi:10.1089/neu.2009.1077.
  • SPSS. Statistics, version 25.0 [Windows]. Armonk (NY): IBM; 2017.
  • Lewis M. Shame: the exposed self. Simon and Schuster; 1995 Aug 8.
  • Lewis M.The role of the self in shame. Soc Res. 2003;70(4):1181–204.
  • Gilbert P, Procter S. Compassionate mind training for people with high shame and self‐criticism: overview and pilot study of a group therapy approach. Clin Psychol Psychother. 2006 Nov;13(6):353–79. doi:10.1002/cpp.507.
  • Vickery CD, Gontkovsky ST, Caroselli JS. Self-concept and quality of life following acquired brain injury: a pilot investigation. Brain Inj. 2005 Aug 20;19(9):657–65. doi: 10.1080/02699050400005218.
  • Ashworth F, Gracey F, Gilbert P. Compassion focused therapy after traumatic brain injury: theoretical foundations and a case illustration. Brain Impairment. 2011 Sep;12(2):128–39. doi:10.1375/brim.12.2.128.
  • Ashworth F, Clarke A, Jones L, Jennings C, Longworth C. An exploration of compassion focused therapy following acquired brain injury. Psychol Psychother. 2015 June;88(2):143–62. doi:10.1111/papt.12037.
  • Ashworth F. Soothing the injured brain with a compassionate mind: building the case for compassion focused therapy following acquired brain injury. Neuro-Disability Psychother. 2014 Jan 1;2(1–2):41–79.
  • Persons E, Kershaw T, Sikkema KJ, Hansen NB. The impact of shame on health-related quality of life among HIV-positive adults with a history of childhood sexual abuse. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2010 Sep 1;24(9):571–80. doi: 10.1089/apc.2009.0209.
  • Gilbert P. Compassion focused therapy: distinctive features. Routledge; 2010.
  • Ryff CD. Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1989 Dec;57(6):1069. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069.
  • Springer KW, Hauser RM. An assessment of the construct validity of Ryff’s scales of psychological well-being: method, mode, and measurement effects. Soc Sci Res. 2006 Dec 1;35(4):1080–102. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2005.07.004.
  • Burns RA, Machin MA. Investigating the structural validity of Ryff’s psychological well-being scales across two samples. Soc Indic Res. 2009 Sep 1;93(2):359–75. doi: 10.1007/s11205-008-9329-1.
  • Spitz G, Schönberger M, Ponsford J. The relations among cognitive impairment, coping style, and emotional adjustment following traumatic brain injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2013 Mar 1;28(2):116–25. doi: 10.1097/HTR.0b013e3182452f4f.
  • Steadman-Pare D, Colantonio A, Ratcliff G, Chase S, Vernich L. Factors associated with perceived quality of life many years after traumatic brain injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2001 Aug 1;16(4):330–42. doi: 10.1097/00001199-200108000-00004.
  • Dijkers MP. Quality of life after traumatic brain injury: a review of research approaches and findings. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004 Apr;1(85):21–35. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2003.08.119.
  • Oehring AK, Oakley JL. The young stroke patient: A need for specialized group support systems. Top Stroke Rehabil. 1994 Mar 1;1(1):25–40. doi: 10.1080/10749357.1994.11754004.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.