References
- Lawrence ES, Coshall C, Dundas R, Stewart J, Rudd AG, Howard R, Wolfe CD. 2001. Estimates of the prevalence of acute stroke impairments and disability in a multiethnic population. Stroke. 32(6):1279–84. doi:https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.32.6.1279
- Barreca S, Wolf S, Fasoli S, Bohannon R. 2003. Treatment interventions for the paretic upper limb of stroke survivors: a critical review. Neurorehab Neural Repair. 17(4):220–26. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0888439003259415
- Martins A. The role of spasticity in functional neurorehabilitation- part I: the pathophysiology of spasticity, the relationship with the neuroplasticity, spinal shock and clinical signs. Arch Med. 2016;8:1–7.
- Winstein CJ, Stein J, Arena R, Bates B, Cherney LR, Cramer SC, Deruyter F, Eng JJ, Fisher B, Harvey RL, et al. Guidelines for Adult Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery: a Guideline for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2016;47(6):e98–e169. doi:https://doi.org/10.1161/STR.0000000000000098.
- Cicinelli P, Pasqualetti P, Zaccagnini M, Traversa R, Oliveri M, Rossini PM. 2003. Interhemispheric asymmetries of motor cortex excitability in the postacute stroke stage: a paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation study. Stroke. 34(11):2653–58. doi:https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000092122.96722.72
- Woldag H, Lukhaup S, Renner C, Hummelsheim H. Enhanced motor cortex excitability during ipsilateral voluntary hand activation in healthy subjects and stroke patients. Stroke. 2004;35(11):2556–59.doi:https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000144651.07122.da.
- Bütefisch CM, Wessling M, Netz J, Seitz RJ, Hömberg V. 2008. Relationship between interhemispheric inhibition and motor cortex excitability in subacute stroke patients. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 22(1):4–21. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1545968307301769
- Dodd KC, Nair VA, Prabhakaran V. Role of the contralesional vs. ipsilesional hemisphere in stroke recovery. Front Hum Neurosci. 2017;11:469. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2017.00469.
- Murillo N, Valls-Sole J, Vidal J, Opisso E, Medina J, Kumru H. Focal vibration in neurorehabilitation. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2014;50(2):231–42.
- De Gail P, Lance JW, Neilson PD. 1966. Differential effects on tonic and phasic reflex mechanisms produced by vibration of muscles in man. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 29(1):1–11. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.29.1.1
- Costantino C, Galuppo L, Romiti D. 2017. Short-term effect of local muscle vibration treatment versus sham therapy on upper limb in chronic post-stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 53(1):32–40. doi:https://doi.org/10.23736/S1973-9087.16.04211-8
- Baykousheva-Mateva V, Mandaliev A. Artificial feedforward as preparatory motor control in postictal hemiparesis. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1994;34(7):445–48.
- Binder C, Kaya AE, Liepert J. 2009. Vibration prolongs the cortical silent period in an antagonistic muscle. Muscle Nerve. 39(6):776–80. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.21240
- Roll JP, Gilhodes JC, Tardy-Gervet MF. Effects of vision on tonic vibration response of a muscle or its antagonists in normal man. Experientia. 1980;36(1):70–72.doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02003980.
- Calvin-Figuière S, Romaiguère P, Gilhodes J, Roll JP. 1999. Antagonist motor responses correlate with kinesthetic illusions induced by tendon vibration. Exp Brain Res. 124(3):342–50. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s002210050631
- Goodwin GM, McCloskey DI, Matthews PB. 1972. The contribution of muscle afferents to kinaesthesia shown by vibration induced illusions of movement and by the effects of paralysing joint afferents. Brain. 95(4):705–48. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/95.4.705
- Noma T, Matsumoto S, Etoh S, Shimodozono M, Kawahira K. 2009. Anti- spastic effects of the direct application of vibratory stimuli to the spastic muscles of hemiplegic limbs in post-stroke patients. Brain Inj. 23(7–8):623–31. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/02699050902997896
- Noma T, Matsumoto S, Shimodozono M, Etoh S, Kawahira K. 2012. Anti-spastic effects of the direct application of vibratory stimuli to the spastic muscles of hemiplegic limbs in post-stroke patients: a proof-of-principle study. J Rehabil Med. 44(4):325–30. doi:https://doi.org/10.2340/16501977-0946
- Bohannon RW, Smith MB. 1987. Interrater reliability of a modified Ashworth scale of muscle spasticity. Phys Ther. 67(2):206–07. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/67.2.206
- Oldfield RC. 1971. The assessment and analysis of handedness: the Edinburgh inventory. Neuropsychologia. 9(1):97–113. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0028-3932(71)90067-4
- Fugl-Meyer AR, Jääskö L, Leyman I, Olsson S, Steglind S. The post-stroke hemiplegic patient a method for evaluation of physical performance. Scand J Rehabil Med. 1975;7(1):13–31.
- Caliandro P, Celletti C, Padua L, Minciotti I, Russo G, Granata G, La Torre G, Granieri E, Camerota F. 2012. Focal muscle vibration in the treatment of upper limb spasticity: a pilot randomized controlled trial in patients with chronic stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 93(9):1656–61. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2012.04.002
- Poenaru D, Cinteza D, Petrusca I, Cioc L, Dumitrascu D. Local application of vibration in motor rehabilitation – scientific and practical considerations. J Clin Med. 2016;11:227–31.
- Jensen MP, Turner JA, Romano JM, Fisher LD. Comparative reliability and validity of chronic pain intensity measures. Pain. 1999;83(2):157–62.doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3959(99)00101-3.
- Zipp P. Recommendations for the standardization of lead positions in surface electromyography. Europ J Appl Physiol. 1982;50(1):41–54.doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00952243.
- Takala EP, Toivone R. 2013. Placement of forearm surface EMG electrodes in the assessment of hand loading in manual tasks. Ergonomics. 56(7):1159–66. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2013.799235
- Ir Hermens HJ, Ir Freriks B. Surface electromyography for the non-invasive assessment of muscles (SENIAM) project. (Enschede/Netherland): European concerted action in the Biomedical Health and Research Program (BIOMED II) of the European Union; 2006 March [accessed 2020 April 10]. http://www.seniam.org/.
- Cerna M, Harvey AF. Application note 041. The fundamentals of FFT-based signal analysis and measurements. Texas. National Instruments; 2000 [accessed 2020 December 23] https://www.sjsu.edu/people/burford.furman/docs/me120/FFT_tutorial_NI.pdf.
- Aizu Y, Asakura T. Spatial filtering velocimetry, fundamentals and applications. Springer series in optical science. Berlin: Springer; 2006.
- Asakura T, Miyazawa Y, Usuda S. 2017. The validity of an accelerometer-based method for estimating fluidity in the sit-to-walk task in a community setting. J Phys Ther Sci. 29(1):133–37. doi:https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.29.133
- van Kammen K, Boonstra AM, van der Woude LHV, Reinders-Messelink HA, den Otter R. 2017. Differences in muscle activity and temporal step parameters between lokomat guided walking and treadmill walking in post-stroke hemiparetic patients and healthy walkers. J NeuroEng Rehabil. 14(1):32. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-017-0244-z
- Baayen RH, Davidson DJ, Bates DM. 2008. Mixed-effects modeling with crossed random effects for subjects and items. J Mem Lang. 59(4):390–412. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2007.12.005
- Barr DJ, Levyb R, Scheepersa C, Tily HJ. Random effects structure for confirmatory hypothesis testing: keep it maximal. J Mem Lang. 2013;68. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2012.11.001.
- Magezi DA. Linear mixed-effects models for within-participant psychology experiments: an introductory tutorial and free, graphical user interface (LMMgui). Front Psychol. 2015;6. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00002.
- Akaike H. Information theory and an extension of the maximum likelihood principle. In: Petrov BN, Csáki F, editors. 2nd international symposium on information theory, Tsahkadsor, Armenia, USSR, september 2-8, 1971. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó; 1973. 267–81. Republished in Kotz, S.; Johnson, N. L., eds. (1992), Breakthroughs in Statistics, I, Springer-Verlag, pp. 610624610624
- Littell RC, Milliken GA, Stroup WW, Wolfinger RD. SAS system for mixed models. Cary, NC, USA: SAS Institute Inc; 1996. p. 633.
- Zhang J, Gove JH. Spatial assessment of model errors from four regression techniques. Forest Sci. 2005;51:334–46.
- Kito T, Hashimoto T, Yoneda T, Katamoto S, Naito E. 2006. Sensory processing during kinesthetic aftereffect following illusory hand movement elicited by tendon vibration. Brain Res. 1114(1):75–84. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nrainres.2006.07.062
- Suresh NL, Wang I, Heckman CJ, Rymer WZ. Characterization of the tendon vibration reflex response in hemi-spastic stroke individuals. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2011;2011:2053–56. https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2011.6090379.
- McPherson JG, McPherson LM, Thompson CK, Ellis MD, Heckman CJ, Dewald JPA. Altered neuromodulatory drive may contribute to exaggerated tonic vibration reflexes in chronic hemiparetic stroke. Front Hum Neurosci. 2018;12:131. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00131.
- Hilgevoord AA, Koelman JH, Bour LJ, de Visser BW. The relationship between the soleus H-reflex amplitude and vibratory inhibition in controls and spastic subjects. I Experimental Results J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 1996;6(4):253–58.doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1050-6411(96)00006-5.
- Pearson KG, Gordon JE. Spinal reflexes. In: Kandel ER, Schwartz JH, Jessell TM, Siegelbaum SA, Hudspeth AJ, editors. Principles of neural science. Fifth ed. New York (NY): McGraw Hill Professional; 2013. p. 790–809.
- Fetz EE, Finocchio DV, Baker MA, Soso MJ. 1980. Sensory and motor responses of precentral cortex cells during comparable passive and active joint movements. J Neurophysiol. 43(4):1070–89. doi:https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.1980.43.4.1070
- MacKinnon CD, Verrier MC, Tatton WG. 2000. Motor cortical potentials precede long-latency EMG activity evoked by imposed displacements of the human wrist. Exp Brain Res. 131(4):477–90. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s002219900317
- Marconi B, Filippi GM, Koch G, Giacobbe V, Pecchioli C, Versace V, Camerota F, Saraceni VM, Caltagirone C. 2011. Long-term effects on cortical excitability and motor recovery induced by repeated muscle vibration in chronic stroke patients. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 25(1):48–60. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1545968310376757
- Fimland MS, Moen PM, Hill T, Gjellesvik TI, Tørhaug T, Helgerud J, Hoff J. 2011. Neuromuscular performance of paretic versus non-paretic plantar flexors after stroke. Eur J Appl Physiol. 111(12):3041–49. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-011-1934-z
- Raja B, Neptune RR, and Kautz SA. Cordination of the non-paretic leg during hempiparetic gait: expected and novel compensatory patterns. Clin biomech. (Bristol, Avon) ELSEVIER; 2012 2012.Aug.05. Vol. 27. 1023–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech
- Baron JC, Cohen LG, Crame SC, Dobkin BH, Johansen-Berg H, Loubinoux I, Marshall RS, Ward NS. Neuroimaging in stroke recovery: a position paper from the first international workag on neuroimaging and stroke recovery. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2004;18:260–227. https://doi.org/10.1159/000080293.
- Souissi H, Zory R, Boudarham J, Pradon D, Roche N, Gerus P. 2019. Muscle force strategies for poststroke hemiparetic patients during gait. Top Stroke Rehabil. 26(1):58–65. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10749357.2018.1536023
- Kang YJ, Park HK, Kim HJ, Lim T, Ku J, Cho S, Kim SI, Park ES. 2012. Upper extremity rehabilitation of stroke: facilitation of corticospinal excitability using virtual mirror paradigm. J Neuroeng Rehabil. 4(1):71. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-0003-9-71
- Strigaro G, Ruge D, Chen J, Marshall L, Desikan M, Cantello R, Rothwell JC. Interaction between visual and motor cortex: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study. J Physiol. 2015;593(10):2365–77.doi:https://doi.org/10.1113/JP270135.