Quality of life 10 years after a very severe traumatic brain injury (TBI): the perspective of the injured and the closest relative

References

• BROOKS, D. N. and MCKINLAY, W.: Personality and behavioural change after severe blunt head injury—a relative's view. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 46: 336–344,1983.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BROOKS, N., CAMPSIE, E., SYMINGTON, C. et al.: The five year outcome of severe blunt head injury: a relative's view. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 49: 764–770,1986.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BROOKS, N.: Behavioural abnormalities in head injured patients. Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine Supplement, 17: 41–46,1988.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• LEZAK, M. D.: Living with the characterologically altered brain injured patient. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 39: 592–598,1978.
   Google Scholar
• LEZAK, M. D.: Psychological implications of traumatic brain damage for the patient's family. Rehabilitation Psychology, 31: 241–250,1986.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LEZAK, M.: Brain damage is a family affair.Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 10: 111–123,1988.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MCKINLAY, W. W., BROOKS, D. N., BOND, M. R. et al.: The short—term outcome of severe blunt head injury as reported by relatives of the injured persons. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 44: 527–533,1981.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PRIGATANO, G. P.: Personality and psychosocial consequences after brain injury. In M. Meier, A. Benton and L. Diller (editors) Neuropsychological Rehabilitation (New York: Guilford Publications Inc.), pp. 355–378,1987.
   Google Scholar
• BROOKS, N.: Planning the future: The situation after discharge from rehabilitation. International Symposium Neurorehabilitation: A perspective for the future, 13–15, Klinik Bavaria, W-8351 Schaufling bei Deggendorf, Germany, 1993.
   Google Scholar
• MORTON, M. V. and WEHMAN, P.: Psychosocial and emotional sequelae of individuals with traumatic brain injury: a literature review and recommendations. Brain Injury, 9: 81–92,1995.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LIVINGSTON, G. M. and BROOKS, D. N.: The burden on families of the brain injured: A review. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 3: 6–15,1988.
   Google Scholar
• BERGQUIST, T. F., BOLL, T. J., CORRIGAN, J. D. et al..: Neuropsychological rehabilitation: Proceedings of a consensus conference. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 9: 50–61,1994.
   Google Scholar
• LINGE, F. R.: Faith, hope, and love: nontraditional therapy in recovery from serious head injury, a personal account. In N. Kapur (editor) Injured Brains of Medical Minds. Views from Within (Oxford: Oxford University Press), pp. 324–340,1997.
   Google Scholar
• KLONOFF, P. S., COSTA, L. D. and SNO W. G.: Predictors and indicators of quality of life in patients with closed-head injury. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 8: 469–485, 1986.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FLANAGAN, J. C.: Measurement of quality of life: current state of the art. Archives of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, 63: 56–59,1982.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VIITANEN, M., FUGL-MEYER, K. S., BERNSPANG, B. et al.: Life satisfaction in long-term survivors after stroke. Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 20: 17–24,1988.
   Google Scholar
• BROOKS, N., MCKINLAY, W., SYMINGTON, C. et al.: Return to work within the first seven years of severe head injury. Brain Injury, 1: 5–19,1987.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• ODDY, M. and HUMPHREY, M.: Social recovery during the year following severe head injury. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 43: 798–802,1980.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ODDY, M., COUGHLAN, T., TYERMAN, A. et al.: Social adjustment after closed head injury: a further follow-up of seven years after injury. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 48: 567–568,1985.
   Google Scholar
• PONSFORD, J. L., OLVER, J. H. and CURRAN, C.: A profile of outcome: 2 years after traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 9: 1–10,1995.
   Google Scholar
• MARSH, N. V., KNIGHT, R. G. and GODFREY, H. P. D.: Long-term psychosocial adjustment following very severe closed head injury. Neuropsychology, 4: 13–27,1990.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RAPPAPORT, M., HERRERO-BACKE, C., RAPPAPORT, M. L. et al.: Head injury outcome up to ten years later. Archives of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, 70: 885–892,1989.
   Google Scholar
• SBORDONE, R. J., LITER, j. C. and PETTLER-JENNING, P.: Recovery of function following severe traumatic brain injury: a retrospective 10-year follow-up. Brain Injury, 9: 285–300,1995.
   Google Scholar
• SCHAIIN, W., HANSSON, L., NORDSTROM, G. et al.: Psychosocial outcome 5–8 years after severe traumatic brain lesions and the impact of rehabilitation services. Brain Injury, 8: 49–64,1994.
   Google Scholar
• THOMSEN, I. V.: The patient with severe head injury and his family: a follow—up study of 50 patients. Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 6: 180–183,1974.
   Google Scholar
• THONISEN, I. V.: Late outcome of very severe blunt head trauma: a 10-15 year second follow-up. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 47: 260–268,1984.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KREuLzER, j. S., GERVASIO, A. H. and CAMPLAIR, P. S.: Primary caregivers' psychological status and family functioning after traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 8: 197–210,1994.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KREUTZER, J. S., GERVASIO, A. H. and CAMPLAIR, P. S.: Patient correlates of caregivers' distress and family functioning after traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 8: 211–230,1994.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LEATHEM, J., HEATH, E. and WOOLLEY, C.: Relatives' perceptions of role change, social support and stress after traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 10: 27–38,1996.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RONTY, H.: Cerebral trauma. A clinical, computed tomography, quantitative EEG, blood transfusion, blood circulation, isotope and neuropsychological follow—up study series D medica(Oulu: Acta Universitatis Ouluensis), 182,1988.
   Google Scholar
• VILKKI, J., AHOLA, K., HOLST, P.et al.: Prediction of psychosocial recovery after head injury with cognitive tests and neurobehavioural ratings. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 16: 325–338,1994.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ASIKAINEN, L, KASTE, M. and SARNA, S.: Patients with traumatic brain injury referred to a rehabilitation and re-employment programme: social and professional outcome for 508 Finnish patients 5 or more years after injury. Brain Injury, 10: 883–900,1996.
   Google Scholar
• KAITARO, T., KOSKINEN, S. and KAIPIO, M.-L.: Neuropsychological problems in everyday life: a 5-year follow-up study of young severely closed-head-injured patients. Brain Injury, 9: 713–727, 1995.
   Google Scholar
• MCKINLAY, W. W., BROOKS, D. N. and HICKOX, A.: Questionnaire for relatives. Questionnaire for relatives/post head injury progress assessment (Case management services LTD) (Unpublished), 1990.
   Google Scholar
• GOODGOLD, J. (editor.): Rehabilitation medicine (St. Louis: Mosby), 1988.
   Google Scholar
• LEVIN, H. S., HIGH, W. M., GOETHE, K. E. et al.: The neurobehavioural rating scale: assessment of the behavioural sequelae of head injury by the clinician. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 50: 183–193,1987.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CICHOWSKI, K. (editor): RIC-FAS HI—Rehabilitation Institute of Chigaco Functional Assessment Scale (Chigaco: Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago), 1992.
   Google Scholar
• PRIGATANO, G. P.: Neuropsychological Rehabilitation after Brain Injury (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press), 1986.
   Google Scholar
• PRIGATANO, G. P.: The relationship of frontal lobe damage to diminished awareness: studies in rehabilitation. In H. S. Levin, H. M. Eisenberg and A. L. Benton (editors), Frontal Lobe Function and Dysfunction (New York: Oxford University Press), pp. 381–397,1991.
   Google Scholar
• PRIGATANO, G. P. and ALTMAN, I. M.: Impaired awareness of behavioural limitations after traumatic brain injury. Archives Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, 71: 1058–1064,1990.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FLEMING, J. M., STRONG, J. and ASHTON, R.: Self-awarenes of deficits in adults with traumatic brain injury: how best to measure? Brain Injury, 10: 1–15,1996.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LIVINGSTONE, M. G., BROOKS, D. N. and BOND, M. R.: Patient outcome in the year following severe head injury and relative's psychiatric and social functioning. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 48: 876–881,1985.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BROOKS, N., CAMPSIE, L., SYMINGTON, C. et al.: The effects of severe head injury on patient and relative within seven years of injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 2: 1–13,1987.
   Google Scholar
• SERI, C. D., KREUTZER, J. S. and GERVASIO, A. H.: Predicting family needs after brain injury: Implications for intervention. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 10: 32–45,1995.
   Google Scholar