Gradient change in the acquisition of phonology

References

• ALLEN, G.D., 1985, How young French children avoid the pre-voicing problem for word-initial stops. Journal of Child Language, 12, 37–46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ANTHONY, A., BOGLE, D., INGRAM, T.T.S., and McIsAAc M.W., 1971, The Edinburgh Articulation Test (Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone).
   Google Scholar
• BERNHARDT, B.H., and STEMBURGER, J.P., 1998, Handbook of Phonological Development from the Perspective of Constraint-Based Nonlinear Phonology (San Diego, CA: Academic Press).
   Google Scholar
• BROWMAN, C.P., and GOLDSTEIN, L., 1989, Articulatory gestures as phonological units. Phonology, 6, 201–251.
   Google Scholar
• Kingston J.and Beckman M.(Eds), Papers in Laboratory Phonology I: Between the grammar and physics of speech (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), pp. 341–376.
   Google Scholar
• CHANEY, C., 1988, Acoustic analysis of correct and misarticulated semi-vowels. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 31, 275–287.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• DAVIS, K., 1995, Phonetic and phonological contrasts in the acquisition of voicing: voice onset time production in Hindi and English. Journal of Child Language, 22, 275-305. DINNSEN, D.A., 1996, Context-sensitive underspecification and the acquisition of phonemic contrasts. Journal of Child Language, 23, 57–59.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DISImoNf, F.G., 1974, Influence of consonant environment on duration of vowels in the speech of 3-, 6-, and 9-year-old children. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 55, 362–363.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DOCHERTY, G.J., 1992, The Timing of Voicing in British English Obstruents (Berlin: Foris). EGUCHI, S., and HIRSCH, I., J., 1969, Development of speech sounds in children. Acta Otolaryngologica, 257(Supplement), 5–48.
   Google Scholar
• GANDOUR, J., PETTY, H.S., DARDARANANDA, R., DECHONGKIT, S., and MUKNGOEN, S., 1986, The acquisition of the voicing contrast in Thai: a study of voice onset time in word-initial stop consonants. Journal of Child Language, 13, 561–572.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GOLDMAN, R., and FRISTOE, M., 1986, Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation (Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service).
   Google Scholar
• HEWLETT, N., 1988, Acoustic properties of /k/ and /t/ in normal and phonologically disordered speech. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 2, 29–45.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KENT, R.D., and FORNER, L.L., 1980, Speech segment durations in sentence recitations by children and adults. Journal of Phonetics, 8, 157–168.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KEWLEY-PORT, D., and PRESTON, M.S., 1974, Early apical stop production: a voice onset time analysis. Journal of Phonetics, 2, 195–210.
   Google Scholar
• KORNFELD, J.R., 1971, Theoretical issues in child phonology. Papers of the 7th Regional Meeting, Chicago Linguistics Society (Chicago, IL: Chicago Linguistic Society), pp. 454–468.
   Google Scholar
• MACKEN, M.A., and BARTON, D., 1980a, The acquisition of the voicing contrast in English: A study of voice onset time in word initial stop consonants. Journal of Child Language, 7, 41–74.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MACKEN, M.A., and BARTON, D., 1980b, The acquisition of the voicing contrast in Spanish: A phonetic and phonological study of word-initial stop consonants. Journal of Child Language, 7, 433–458.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NITTROUER, S., STUDDERT-KENNEDY, M., and McGowAN, R.S., 1989, The emergence of phonetic segments: Evidence from the spectral structure of fricative-vowel syllables spoken by children and adults. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 32, 120–132.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• PREISSER, D.A., HODSON, B.W., and PADEN, E.P., 1988, Developmental phonology: 18-29 months. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 53, 125–130.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• ROBB, M.P., and BLEILE, K.M., 1994, Consonant inventories of young children from 8 to 25 months. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 8, 295–320.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ROBERTS, J.E., BURCHINAL, M., and FOOTO, M.M., 1990, Phonological process decline from 2 1/2 to 8 years. Journal of Communication Disorders, 23, 205–217.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gruber C., Higgins D., Olson K.and Wysocki T.(Eds), Papers from the 34t Annual Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society, 2. (Chicago, IL: Chicago Linguistic Society).
   Google Scholar
• Broe M.and Pierrehumbert J.(Eds), Papers in laboratory phonology V: Language acquisition and the lexicon (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), pp. 194–207.
   Google Scholar
• SMIT, A.B., HAND, L., FREILINGER, J.J., BERNTHAL, J.E., and BIRD, A., 1990, The Iowa articulation norms project and its Nebraska replication. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 55, 779–798.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SMITH, A., GOFFMAN, L., and STARK, K.E., 1995, Speech motor development. Seminars in Speech and Language 16.2. Department of Audiology and Speech Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, pp. 87–98.
   Google Scholar
• SMITH, B.L., and KENNEY, M.K., 1999, A longitudinal study of the development of temporal properties of speech production: data from 4 children. Phonetica, 56, 73–102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SMITH, B.L., 1978, Temporal aspects of English speech production: a developmental perspective. Journal of Phonetics, 6, 37–68.
   Google Scholar
• SMITH, N.V., 1973, The Acquisition of Phonology (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). SNOW, D., 1997, Children's acquisition of speech timing in English: a comparative study of voice onset time and final syllable vowel lengthening. Journal of Child Language, 24, 35–56.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Gelder B. and Morais J.(Eds), Speech and Reading (Hove: Erlbaum), pp. 65–88.
   Google Scholar
• TINGLEY, B.M., and ALLEN, G.D., 1975, Development of speech timing control in children. Child Development, 46, 186–194.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TYLER, A.A., and SAXMAN, J.H., 1991, Initial voicing contrast acquisition in normal and phonologically disordered children. Applied Psycholinguistics, 12, 453–479.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WATERS, D.M., 1992, Speech motor control for speech in phonologically delayed children, normally developing children and adults. Unpublished doctoral thesis. Queen Margaret University College, Edinburgh.
   Google Scholar
• WATERS, D.M., BEEKE, S., DEAN, E.C., and ANDERSON, C., in preparation, The performance of typically-developing children (2;06-3;11 years) on the Metaphon Screening Assessment.
   Google Scholar
• ZLATIN, M., and KOENIGSKNECHT, R.A., 1976, Development of the voicing contrast: A comparison of voice onset time in stop perception and production. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 19, 93–111.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar