A phonetic analysis of vowel errors during the course of treatment

References

• BLEILE, K., 1989, A note on vowel patterns in two normally developing children. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 3, 203–212.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CALVERT, D., 1986, Speech in perspective. In D. Luterman (Ed.), Deafness in Perspective (San Diego, CA: College-Hill Press), pp. 167–191.
   Google Scholar
• CALVERT, D., and SILVERMAN, S., 1983, Speech and Deafness, 2nd edn (Washington, DC: Alexander Graham Bell Association for the Deaf).
   Google Scholar
• CARRELL, T., SMITH, L., and PISONI, D., 1981, Some perceptual dependencies in speededclassification of vowel color and pitch. Perception and Psychophysics, 29, 1-10. CLEMENT, C., and \WINER, F., 1994, Acquisition of vowel contrasts in Dutch. Journal of Speechand Hearing Research, 37, 83–89.
   Google Scholar
• CORNETT, R., 1967, Cued speech. American Annals of the Deaf, 112, 3–13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DAVIS, B., and MACNEILAGE, P., 1990, Acquisition of correct vowel production: a quantitative case study. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 33, 16–27.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• DUNN, L., and DUNN, M., 1981, Peabody Picture Vocabulary TestRevised (Circle Pines, MN:American Guidance Service).
   Google Scholar
• EDWARDS, M.L., and SHRIBERG, L., 1983, Phonology: Applications in Communicative Disorders (San Diego, CA: College-Hill Press).
   Google Scholar
• GIBBON, F., SHOCKEY, L., and REID, J., 1992, Description and treatment of abnormal vowelsin a phonologically disordered child. Child Language Teaching and Therapy, 8, 30-59. GIERUT, J., 1998, Treatment efficacy: functional phonological disorders in children. Journalof Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 41, S85–S100.
   Google Scholar
• GOLDMAN, R., and FRISTOE, M., 1986, Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation (Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service).
   Google Scholar
• GRUNWELL, P., 1981, The Nature of Phonological Disability in Children (New York: Academic Press).
   Google Scholar
• Irwin J.and Wong S.(Eds), Phonological Development in Children: 18-72 Months (Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press), pp. 55-58.
   Google Scholar
• HARGROVE, P., 1982, Misarticulated vowels: a case study. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 13, 86–95.
   Google Scholar
• The biology of phonological development In Ferguson C., Menn Land C. Stoel-Gammon (Eds), Phonological Development: Models, Research, Implications (Timonium, MD: York Press), pp. 65–90.
   Google Scholar
• KHAN, L., 1988, Vowel remediation: a case study (Paper presented at the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Convention, Boston, MA).
   Google Scholar
• Hirsh S., Elderidge D., Hirsh I.and Silverman S.(Eds), Hearing and Davis: Essays Honoring Hollowell Davis (St Louis, MO: Washington University press), pp. 77-90.
   Google Scholar
• LEONARD, L., and LEONARD, J., 1985, The contribution of phonetic context to an unusual phonological pattern: a case study. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 16, 110–118.
   Google Scholar
• LING, D., and NORTH, S., 1990, Ling Speech Cards (Northville, MI: Ling & North Assoc).OTOMO, K., and STOEL-GAMMON, C., 1992, The acquisition of unrounded vowels in English. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 35, 604–616.
   Google Scholar
• Irwin J.and Wong S.(Eds), Phonological Development in Children: 18-72 Months (Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press), pp. 27-54.
   Google Scholar
• PENNEY, G., FEE, E., and DOWDLE, C., 1994, Vowel assessment and remediation: a case study. Child Language Teaching and Therapy, 10, 47–66.
   Google Scholar
• PETERSON, G., and BARNEY, H., 1952, Control methods used in a study of vowels. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 24, 173–184.
   Google Scholar
• PoLLocK, K., 1991, The identification of vowel errors using traditional articulation or phono-logical process test stimuli Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 22, 39–50.
   Google Scholar
• PoLLocK, K., 1994, Assessment and remediation of vowel misarticulations. Clinics in Communication Disorders, 4, 23–37.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• PoLLocx, K. and KEISER, N., 1990, An examination of vowel errors in phonologically disordered children. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 4, 161–178.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PoLLocx, K. and SWANSON, L., 1986, Analysis of vowel errors in a disordered child during training (Paper presented at the American Speech—Language—Hearing Association Convention, Detroit, MI).
   Google Scholar
• REYNOLDS, J., 1990, Abnormal vowel patterns in phonological disorder: some data and a hypothesis. British Journal of Disorders of Communication, 25, 115–148.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• ROBB, M., and SAXMAN, J., 1990, Syllable durations of preword and early word vocalizations. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 33, 583–593.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SHIMBERG, L., and KENT, R., 1995, Clinical Phonetics, 2nd edn (Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon).
   Google Scholar
• SHRIBERG, L., and KWIATOWSKI, J., 1982, Phonological disorders. III: A procedure for assessing severity of involvement Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 47, 256–270.
   Google Scholar
• Miller J.(Ed.), Research on Child Language Disorders: A Decade of Progress (Austin, TX: Pro-Ed), pp. 255-266.
   Google Scholar
• STOEL-GAMMON, C., and DUNN, C., 1985, Normal and Disordered Phonology in Children (Austin, TX: Pro-Ed).
   Google Scholar
• STOEL-GAMMON, C., and HERRINGTOr., P., 1990, Vowel systems of normally developing and phonologically disordered children. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 4, 145–160.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TYLER, A., EDWARDS, M.L., and SAXMAN, J., 1987, Clinical application of two phonologically based treatment procedures. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 52, 393–409.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• TYLER, A., FIGURSKI, G., and LANGSDALE, T., 1993, Relationships between acoustically determined knowledge of stop place and voicing contrasts and normal phonological treatment progress. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 36, 746–759.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• WEISMER, G., DINNSEN, D., and ELBERT, M., 1981, A study of the voicing distinction associatedwith omitted word-final stops. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 46, 320-327. WOLK, L., and EDWARD M.L., 1993, The emerging phonological system of an autistic child.Journal of Communication Disorders, 26, 161–177.
   Google Scholar