One-Dimensional-Ratio Measures of Atrophy Progression in Multiple Sclerosis as Evaluated by Longitudinal Magnetic Resonance Imaging

References

• Barkhof F. The clinico-radiological paradox in multiple sclerosis revisited. Curr Opin Neurol 2002; 15: 239–45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu C, Edwards S, Gong Q, Roberts N, Blumhardt LD. Three dimensional MRI estimates of brain and spinal cord atrophy in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neuorosurg Psychiatry 1999; 66: 323–30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pagani E, Rocca MA, Gallo A, Rovaris M, Martinelli V, Comi G, et al. Regional brain atrophy evolves differently in patients with multiple sclerosis according to clinical phenotype. Am J Neuroradiol 2005; 26: 341–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butzkueven H, Kolbe SC, Jolley DJ, Brown JY, Cook MJ, van der Mei IA, et al. Validation of linear cerebral atrophy markers in multiple sclerosis. J Clin Neurosci 2008; 15: 130–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma J, Sanfilipo MP, Benedict RH, Weinstock-Guttman B, Munschauer FE 3rd, Bakshi R. Whole-brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis measured by automated versus semiautomated MR imaging segmentation. Am J Neuroradiol 2004; 25: 985–96
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner B, Ramli N, Blumhardt LD, Jaspan T. Ventricular enlargement in multiple sclerosis: a comparison of three-dimensional and linear MRI estimates. Neuroradiology 2001; 43: 608–14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bermel RA, Bakshi R, Tjoa C, Puli SR, Jacobs L. Bicaudate ratio as a magnetic resonance imaging marker of brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis. Arch Neurol 2002; 59: 275–80
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bermel RA, Innus MD, Tjoa CW, Bakshi R. Selective caudate atrophy in multiple sclerosis: a 3D MRI parcellation study. Neuroreport 2003; 14: 335–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frisoni GB, Beltramello A, Geroldi C, Weiss C, Bianchetti A, Trabucchi M. Linear measures of atrophy in mild Alzheimer disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1996; 61: 157–65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laakso M, Soininen H, Partanen K, Hallikainen, Lehtovirta M, Hänninen T, et al. The interuncal distance in Alzheimer disease and age-associated memory impairment. Am J Neuroradiol 1995; 16: 727–34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kurtzke JF. Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: an expanded disability status scale (EDSS). Neurology 1983; 33: 1444–52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roxburgh RH, Seaman SR, Masterman T, Hensiek AE, Sawcer SJ, Vukusic S, et al. Multiple sclerosis severity score: using disability and disease duration to rate disease severity. Neurology 2005; 64: 1144–51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poser CM, Paty DW, Scheinberg L, McDonald WI, Davis FA, Ebers GC, et al. New diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines for research protocols. Ann Neurol 1983; 13: 227–31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polman CH, Reingold SC, Edan G, Filippi M, Hartung HP, Kappos L, et al. Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2005 revisions to the “McDonald Criteria”. Ann Neurol 2005; 58: 840–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martola J, Stawiarz L, Fredrikson S, Hillert J, Bergström J, Flodmark O, et al. Progression of non-age-related callosal brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis: a 9-year longitudinal MRI study representing four decades of disease development. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2007; 78: 375–80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jamous M, Sood S, Kumar R, Ham S. Frontal and occipital horn width ratio for the evaluation of small and asymmetrical ventricles. Pediatr Neurosurg 2003; 39: 17–21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bermel RA, Sharma J, Tjoa CW, Puli SR, Bakshi R. A semiautomated measure of whole-brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2003; 208: 57–65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin X, Blumhardt LD, Constantinescu CS. The relationship of brain and cervical cord volume to disability in clinical subtypes of multiple sclerosis: a three-dimensional study. Acta Neurol Scand 2003; 108: 401–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher E, Rudick RA, Simon JH, Cutter G, Baier M, Lee JC, et al. Eight-year follow-up study of brain atrophy in patients with MS. Neurology 2002; 59: 1412–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fox NC, Jenkins R, Leary SM, Stevenson VL, Lossef NA, Crum WR, et al. Progressive cerebral atrophy in MS: a serial study using registered, volumetric MRI. Neurology 2000; 54: 807–12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simon JH, Jacobs LD, Campion MK, Rudick RA, Cookfair DL, Herndon RM, et al. A longitudinal study of brain atrophy in relapsing multiple sclerosis. The Multiple Sclerosis Collaborative Research Group (MSCRG). Neurology 1999; 53: 139–48
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martola J, Stawiarz L, Fredrikson S, Hillert J, Bergström J, Flodmark O, et al. Rate of ventricular enlargement in multiple sclerosis: a nine-year magnetic resonance imaging follow-up study. Acta Radiol 2008; 49: 570–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ingle GT, Stevenson VL, Miller DH, Leary SM, Rovaris M, Barkhof F, et al. Two-year follow-up study of primary and transitional progressive multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2002; 8: 108–14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalkers NF, Ameziane N, Bot JC, Minneboo A, Polman CH, Barkhof F. Longitudinal brain volume measurement in multiple sclerosis: rate of brain atrophy is independent of the disease subtype. Arch Neurol 2002; 59: 1572–6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Evans WA, Jr. An encephalographic ratio for estimating ventricular enlargement and cerebral atrophy. Arch Neurol Psychiatry 1942; 47: 931–7
   Google Scholar
• Evans WA, Jr. An encephalographic ratio for estimating the size of cerebral ventricles: further experience with serial observation. Dis Child 1942; 64: 820–30
   Google Scholar
• Scahill RI, Frost C, Jenkins R, Whitwell JL, Rossor MN, Fox NC. A longitudinal study of brain volume changes in normal aging using serial registered magnetic resonance imaging. Arch Neurol 2003; 60: 989–94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bozalli M, Cercignani M, Caltagirone C. Brain volumetrics to investigate aging and the principal forms of degenerative cognitive decline: a brief report. Magn Reson Imaging 2008; 26: 1065–70
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kochunov P, Thompson PM, Coyle TR, Lancaster JL, Kochunov V, Royall D, et al. Relationship among neuroimaging indices of cerebral health during normal aging. Hum Brain Mapp 2008; 29: 36–45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hobart J, Freeman J, Thompson A. Kurtzke scales revisited: the application of psychometric methods to clinical intuition. Brain 2000; 123: 1027–40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar