Clinical utility of vascular endothelial growth factor in diagnosing malignant pleural effusions

References

• Zebrowski BK, Yano S, Liu W, Shaheen RM, Hicklin DJ, Putnam JB, Jr, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor levels and induction of permeability in malignant pleural effusions. Clin Cancer Res 1999; 5: 3364–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benani CP, Pajeau TS, Bennett CL. Treating malignant pleural effusions cost consciously. Chest 1998;113(1 Suppl):S78–S85.
   Google Scholar
• American Thoracic Society. Management of malignant pleural effusions. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 162: 1987–2001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braunschweig R, Yan P, Guilleret I, Delacretaz F, Bosman FT, Mihaescu A, et al. Detection of malignant effusions: Comparison of a telomerase assay and cytologic examination. Diagn Cytopathol 2001; 24: 174–80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Light RW. Clinical practice. Pleural effusion. N Engl J Med 2002; 346: 1971–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferrara N, Carver-Moore K, Chen H, Dowd M, Lu L, O'Shea KS, et al. Heterozygous embryonic lethality induced by targeted inactivation of the VEGF gene. Nature 1996; 380: 439–42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thickett DR, Armstrong L, Millar AB. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in inflammatory and malignant pleural effusions. Thorax 1999; 54: 707–10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fragoso R, Pereira T, Wu Y, Zhu Z, Cabecadas J, Dias S. VEGFR-1 (FLT-1) activation modulates acute lymphoblastic leukemia localization and survival within the bone marrow, determining the onset of extramedullary disease. Blood 2006; 107: 1608–16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee TH, Avraham HK, Jiang S, Avraham S. Vascular endothelial growth factor modulates the transendothelial migration of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells through regulation of brain microvascular endothelial cell permeability. J Biol Chem 2003; 278: 5277–84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hicklin DJ, Ellis LM. Role of the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway in tumor growth and angiogenesis. J Clin Oncol 2005; 23: 1011–27
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dvorak HF. Discovery of vascular permeability factor (VPF). Exp Cell Res 2006; 312: 522–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yano S, Shinohara H, Herbst RS, Kuniyasu H, Bucana CD, Ellis LM, et al. Production of experimental malignant pleural effusions is dependent on invasion of the pleura and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor by human lung cancer cells. Am J Pathol 2000; 157: 1893–903
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gary Lee YC, Melkerneker D, Thompson PJ, Light RW, Lane KB. Transforming growth factor beta induces vascular endothelial growth factor elaboration from pleural mesothelial cells in vivo and in vitro. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 165: 88–94
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kraft A, Weindel K, Ochs A, Marth C, Zmija J, Schumacher P, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor in the sera and effusions of patients with malignant and nonmalignant disease. Cancer 1999; 85: 178–87
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng D, Rodriguez RM, Perkett EA, Rogers J, Bienvenu G, Lappalainen U, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor in pleural fluid. Chest 1999; 116: 760–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ishimoto O, Saijo Y, Narumi K, Kimura Y, Ebina M, Matsubara N, et al. High level of vascular endothelial growth factor in hemorrhagic pleural effusion of cancer. Oncology 2002; 63: 70–5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sack U, Hoffmann M, Zhao XJ, Chan KS, Hui DS, Gosse H, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor in pleural effusions of different origin. Eur Respir J 2005; 25: 600–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maitre B, Boussat S, Jean D, Gouge M, Brochard L, Housset B, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor synthesis in the acute phase of experimental and clinical lung injury. Eur Respir J 2001; 18: 100–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dvorak HF. Vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor: A critical cytokine in tumor angiogenesis and a potential target for diagnosis and therapy. J Clin Oncol 2002; 20: 4368–80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohammed KA, Nasreen N, Hardwick J, Logie CS, Patterson CE, Antony VB. Bacterial induction of pleural mesothelial monolayer barrier dysfunction. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2001; 281: L119–25
   Google Scholar
• Mohammed KA, Nasreen N, Hardwick J, Van Horn RD, Sanders KL, Antony VB. Mycobacteria induces pleural mesothelial permeability by down-regulating beta-catenin expression. Lung 2003; 181: 57–66
   PubMedGoogle Scholar