Utilization and budget impact of tolvaptan in the inpatient setting among patients with heart failure and hyponatremia

References

• Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, et al. Executive summary: heart disease and stroke statistics – 2016 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2016;133:447-54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bettari L, Fiuzat M, Shaw LK, et al. Hyponatremia and long-term outcomes in chronic heart failure – an observational study from the Duke Databank for Cardiovascular Diseases. J Card Fail 2012;18:74-81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gheorghiade M, Rossi JS, Cotts W, et al. Characterization and prognostic value of persistent hyponatremia in patients with severe heart failure in the ESCAPE trial. Arch Intern Med 2007;167:1998
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gheorghiade M, Abraham WT, Albert NM, et al. Relationship between admission serum sodium concentration and clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized for heart failure: an analysis from the OPTIMIZE-HF registry. Eur Heart J 2007;28:980-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klein L. Lower serum sodium is associated with increased short-term mortality in hospitalized patients with worsening heart failure: results from the outcomes of a prospective trial of intravenous milrinone for exacerbations of chronic heart failure (OPTIME-CHF) study. Circulation 2005;111:2454-60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yancy CW. Acute heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017;69:1420-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corona G, Giuliani C, Parenti G, et al. The economic burden of hyponatremia: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Med 2016;129:823-35.e4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madan VD, Novak E, Rich MW. Impact of change in serum sodium concentration on mortality in patients hospitalized with heart failure and hyponatremia. Circ Heart Fail 2011;4:637-43
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heidenreich PA, Trogdon JG, Khavjou OA, et al. Forecasting the future of cardiovascular disease in the United States: a policy statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2011;123:933-44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donzé JD, Beeler PE, Bates DW. Impact of hyponatremia correction on the risk for 30-day readmission and death in patients with congestive heart failure. Am J Med 2016;129:836-42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amin A, Deitelzweig S, Christian R, et al. Healthcare resource burden associated with hyponatremia among patients hospitalized for heart failure in the US. J Med Econ 2013;16:415-20
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hernandez MB, Schwartz RS, Asher CR, et al. Predictors of 30-day readmission in patients hospitalized with decompensated heart failure: predicting freedom from heart failure readmission. Clin Cardiol 2013;36:542-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Filippatos TD. Hyponatremia in patients with heart failure. World J Cardiol 2013;5:317
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Greenberg A, Verbalis JG, Amin AN, et al. Current treatment practice and outcomes. Report of the hyponatremia registry. Kidney Int 2015;88:167-77
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Bruyne LKM. Mechanisms and management of diuretic resistance in congestive heart failure. Postgrad Med J 2003;79:268-71
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Vecchis R, Cantatrione C, Mazzei D, Baldi C. Vasopressin receptor antagonists for the correction of hyponatremia in chronic heart failure: an underutilized therapeutic option in current clinical practice? J Clin Med 2016;5:86
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiong JR, Kim S, Lin J, et al. Evaluation of costs associated with tolvaptan-mediated length-of-stay reduction among heart failure patients with hyponatremia in the US, based on the EVEREST trial. J Med Econ 2012;15:276-84
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Otsuka America Pharmaceuticals Inc. Samsca (tolvaptan) [prescribing information]. February 2014
   Google Scholar
• Konstam MA, Gheorghiade M, Burnett JC, et al. Effects of oral tolvaptan in patients hospitalized for worsening heart failure: the EVEREST outcome trial. JAMA 2007;297:1319-31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gheorghiade M, Konstam MA, Burnett JC, et al. Short-term clinical effects of tolvaptan, an oral vasopressin antagonist, in patients hospitalized for heart failure: the EVEREST clinical status trials. JAMA 2007;297:1332-43
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hauptman PJ, Burnett J, Gheorghiade M, et al. Clinical course of patients with hyponatremia and decompensated systolic heart failure and the effect of vasopressin receptor antagonism with tolvaptan. J Card Fail 2013;19:390-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gheorghiade M, Gottlieb SS, Udelson JE, et al. Vasopressin V2 receptor blockade with tolvaptan versus fluid restriction in the treatment of hyponatremia. Am J Cardiol 2006;97:1064-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sullivan SD, Mauskopf JA, Augustovski F, et al. Budget impact analysis – principles of good practice: report of the ISPOR 2012 Budget Impact Analysis Good Practice II Task Force. Value Health 2014;17:5-14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolters Kluwer. Price Rx. 2016. Available at: https://pricerx.medispan.com/[Last accessed 25 April 2017]
   Google Scholar
• Find A Code LLC. ICD-9-CM Diagnosis Codes. Available at: https://www.findacode.com/icd-9/icd-9-cm-diagnosis-codes.html [Last accessed 8 May 2017]
   Google Scholar
• Drugs.com. NDC (National Drug Codes). Available at: https://www.drugs.com/ndc.html [Last accessed 8 May 2017]
   Google Scholar
• 3M Health Information Systems. The standard for yesterday, today and tomorrow: 3M All Patient Refined DRGs. September 2015. Available at: http://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/910941O/3m-apr-drg-ebook.pdf [Last accessed 22 June 2017]
   Google Scholar
• Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. HCUPnet. 1 November 2016. Available at: https://hcupnet.ahrq.gov [Last accessed 25 April 2017]
   Google Scholar
• US Bureau of Labor Statistics. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Medical Care. FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. 2016. Available at: https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CPIMEDSL [Last accessed 13 December 2016]
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Heart Failure Fact Sheet. 16 June 2016. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/dhdsp/data_statistics/fact_sheets/fs_heart_failure.htm [Last accessed 20 April 2017]
   Google Scholar
• Dunlap ME, Hauptman PJ, Amin AN, et al. Current management of hyponatremia in acute heart failure: a report from the Hyponatremia Registry for Patients With Euvolemic and Hypervolemic Hyponatremia (HN Registry). J Am Heart Assoc 2017;6:e005261
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Readmissions-Reduction-Program. 18 April 2016. Available at: https://www.cms.gov/medicare/medicare-fee-for-service-payment/acuteinpatientpps/readmissions-reduction-program.html [Last accessed 7 April 2017]
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Medicare Hospital Compare. Available at: https://www.medicare.gov/hospitalcompare/About/What-Is-HOS.html [Last accessed 7 April 2017]
   Google Scholar
• Verbalis JG, Barsony J, Sugimura Y, et al. Hyponatremia-induced osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Res 2010;25:554-63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verbalis JG, Goldsmith SR, Greenberg A, et al. Diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of hyponatremia: expert panel recommendations. Am J Med 2013;126(10Suppl1):S1-S42
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amin A, Deitelzweig S, Christian R, et al. Evaluation of incremental healthcare resource burden and readmission rates associated with hospitalized hyponatremic patients in the US. J Hosp Med 2012;7:634-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zaino CJ, Maheshwari AV, Goldfarb DS. Impact of mild chronic hyponatremia on falls, fractures, osteoporosis, and death. Am J Orthop Belle Mead NJ 2013;42:522-7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shavit L, Mikeladze I, Torem C, Slotki I. Mild hyponatremia is associated with functional and cognitive decline in chronic hemodialysis patients. Clin Nephrol 2014;82:313-19
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, et al. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines. Circulation 2013;128:1810-52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar