References
- Compston A, Coles A. Multiple sclerosis. Lancet 2008;372:1502-17
- Ziemssen T, De Stefano N, Pia Sormani M, et al. Optimizing therapy early in multiple sclerosis: an evidence-based view. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2015;4:460-9
- MS International Federation. Atlas of MS. Available online at: https://www.Msif.Org/about-us/who-we-are-and-what-we-do/advocacy/atlas/. Accessed November 14, 2017
- Compston A, Coles A. Multiple sclerosis. Lancet 2002;359:1221-31
- Ziemssen T, Derfuss T, de Stefano N, et al. Optimizing treatment success in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol 2016;263:1053-65
- Popescu V, Agosta F, Hulst HE, et al. Brain atrophy and lesion load predict long term disability in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2013;84:1082-91
- Derwenskus J. Current disease-modifying treatment of multiple sclerosis. Mt Sinai J Med 2011;78:161-75
- Commonwealth Task Force. Health care at the cutting edge: The role of academic health centers in the provision of specialty care. CTF; 2000. Available at: http://www.Commonwealthfund.Org/∼/media/files/publications/fund-report/2000/jul/health-care-at-the-cutting-edge–the-role-of-academic-health-centers-in-the-provision-of-specialty-c/blumenthal_edge_390-pdf. [Last accessed November 14, 2017]
- Ayanian JZ, Weissman JS. Teaching hospitals and quality of care: a review of the literature. Milbank Q 2002;80:569-93, v
- Denson DA, Waite PD, Digumarthi H, et al. Does practice type determine the complexity of patients encountered for orthognathic surgery? J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016;74:1643-8
- Veenstra CM, Epstein AJ, Liao K, et al. The effect of care setting in the delivery of high-value colon cancer care. Cancer 2014;120:3237-44
- Kupersmith J. Quality of care in teaching hospitals: a literature review. Acad Med 2005;80:458-66
- Rolston JD, Ouyang D, Englot DJ, et al. National trends and complication rates for invasive extraoperative electrocorticography in the USA. J Clin Neurosci 2015;22:823-7
- National Multiple Sclerosis Society. Disease modification: FDA-approved disease-modifying therapies (DMTS). NMSS; 2017. Available at: http://www.Nationalmssociety.Org/for-professionals/clinical-care/managing-ms/disease-modification#section-1. [Last accessed November 2017]
- Calabresi PA, Radue EW, Goodin D, et al. Safety and efficacy of fingolimod in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (freedoms II): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Neurol 2014;13:545-56
- Cohen JA, Barkhof F, Comi G, et al. Oral fingolimod or intramuscular interferon for relapsing multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 2010;362:402-15
- Kappos L, Radue EW, O’Connor P, et al. A placebo-controlled trial of oral fingolimod in relapsing multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 2010;362:387-401
- Kappos L, De Stefano N, Freedman MS, et al. Inclusion of brain volume loss in a revised measure of ‘no evidence of disease activity’ (NEDA-4) in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2016;22:1297-305
- Stangel M, Penner IK, Kallmann BA, et al. Towards the implementation of ‘no evidence of disease activity’ in multiple sclerosis treatment: the multiple sclerosis decision model. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 2015;8:3-13
- ABPI guidance - demonstrating value with real world data: a practical guide. 2011. Available at: http://www.Abpi.Org.Uk/our-work/library/guidelines/documents/2011-06-13%20abpi%20guidance%20-%20demonstrating%20value%20with%20real%20world%20data.Pdf. [Last accessed November 14, 2017]
- Eraksoy M, Butzkueven H, Ziemssen T, et al. Time for change – evolution of real-world evidence outcome measures in multiple sclerosis exemplified by fingolimod. Eur Neurol Rev 2014;9:136-42
- Ziemssen T, Hillert J, Butzkueven H. The importance of collecting structured clinical information on multiple sclerosis. BMC Med 2016;14:81
- Ziemssen T, Medin J, Couto CA, et al. Multiple sclerosis in the real world: a systematic review of fingolimod as a case study. Autoimmun Rev 2017;16:355-76
- Erbayat Altay E, Fisher E, Jones SE, et al. Reliability of classifying multiple sclerosis disease activity using magnetic resonance imaging in a multiple sclerosis clinic. JAMA Neurol 2013;70:338-44
- Vrenken H, Jenkinson M, Horsfield MA, et al. Recommendations to improve imaging and analysis of brain lesion load and atrophy in longitudinal studies of multiple sclerosis. J Neurol 2013;260:2458-71
- Baroncini D, Ghezzi A, Annovazzi PO, et al. Natalizumab versus fingolimod in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis non-responding to first-line injectable therapies. Mult Scler 2016;22:1315-26
- Rasenack M, Rychen J, Andelova M, et al. Efficacy and safety of fingolimod in an unselected patient population. PLoS One 2016;11:e0146190
- Terzi M, Kürtüncü M, Eraksoy M, et al. Efficacy and the safety profile of fingolimod treatment in multiple sclerosis patients: real-life data from Turkey [poster]. Presented at the ECTRIMS Forum, September 14–17, 2016, London, UK
- Totaro R, Costantino G, Bellantonia P, et al. Efficacy of natalizumab and fingolimod in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis in real-world clinical setting. J Neurol Neurophysiol 2015;6:1-6
- Totaro R, Di Carmine C, Costantino G, et al. Fingolimod treatment in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients: a prospective observational multicenter postmarketing study. Mult Scler Int 2015;2015:763418
- Yamout BI, Zeineddine MM, Tamim H, et al. Safety and efficacy of fingolimod in clinical practice: the experience of an academic center in the Middle East. J Neuroimmunol 2015;289:93-7
- Weinstock-Guttman B, Medin J, Khan N, et al. Assessing ‘no evidence of disease activity’ status in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis receiving fingolimod in routine clinical practice: a retrospective analysis of the multiple sclerosis clinical and magnetic resonance imaging outcomes in the USA (MS-MRIUS) study. CNS Drugs 2018;32:75-84
- Zivadinov R, Khan N, Medin J, et al. An observational study to assess brain MRI change and disease progression in multiple sclerosis clinical practice – the MS-MRIUS study. J Neuroimaging 2016;27:339-47
- Zivadinov R, Bergsland N, Korn JR, et al. Feasibility of brain atrophy measurement in clinical routine without prior standardization of the MRI protocol: results from MS-MRIUS, a longitudinal observational, multicenter real-world outcome study in patients with relapsing-remitting MS. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018;39:289-95
- Stankiewicz JM, Glanz BI, Healy BC, et al. Brain MRI lesion load at 1.5T and 3T versus clinical status in multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimaging 2011;21:e50-6
- Ayanian JZ, Weissman JS, Chasan-Taber S, et al. Quality of care for two common illnesses in teaching and nonteaching hospitals. Health Aff (Millwood) 1998;17:194-205
- Lavery AM, Verhey LH, Waldman AT. Outcome measures in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: capturing disability and disease progression in clinical trials. Mult Scler Int 2014;2014:262350
- Cadavid D, Wolansky LJ, Skurnick J, et al. Efficacy of treatment of MS with IFNbeta-1b or glatiramer acetate by monthly brain MRI in the become study. Neurology 2009;72:1976-83
- Hersh CM, Hara-Cleaver C, Rudick RA, et al. Experience with fingolimod in clinical practice. Int J Neurosci 2015;125:678-85
- Hersh CM, Love TE, Cohn S, et al. Comparative efficacy and discontinuation of dimethyl fumarate and fingolimod in clinical practice at 12-month follow-up. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2016;10:44-52
- Ontaneda D, Vollmer B, Silau S, et al. Comparative efficacy and discontinuation of fingolimod and dimethyl fumarate in two large academic medical centers [poster]. Presented at the 68th American Academy of Neurology Annual Meeting, April 15–21, 2016, Vancouver, Canada.
- Vollmer B, Nair KV, Sillau S, et al. Comparison of fingolimod and dimethyl fumarate in the treatment of multiple sclerosis: two year experience (preliminary natalizumab data) [poster]. Presented at the Ectrims Forum, September 14–17, 2016, London, UK
- Vu N, Bradshaw M, Moses H, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of fingolimod, dimethylfumarate, and teriflunomide in patients with multiple sclerosis: real world experience from single center [poster]. Presented at the 68th American Academy of Neurology Annual Meeting, April 15–21, 2016, Vancouver, Canada
- Austin PC. An introduction to propensity score methods for reducing the effects of confounding in observational studies. Multivariate Behav Res 2011;46:399-424